在本专栏中，记录了一些Latex的操作，近日听了本校O奖学长的经验分享，颇受启发。故拜访他的个人博客，发现了他总结得非常漂亮，然而他使用的是github服务器，访问起来加载有些缓慢，故将部分内容进行转载。
原作地址：https://levitate-qian.github.io/2020/08/30/latex-code/
图片
导言区代码
\usepackage{graphicx} %插入图片的宏包
\usepackage{float} %设置图片浮动位置的宏包
\usepackage{subfigure} %插入多图时用子图显示的宏包
1、单图
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.9\textwidth]{XXX.pdf} % 图片相对位置
\caption{Electric Vehicles: January 2020} % 图片标题
\label{fig:American} % 图片标签
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{ex2-3jie.pdf} % 图片相对位置
\caption{习题2.3解图} % 图片标题
\label{fig:ex4-9}
\end{figure}
2、多图并列放置（子图格式）
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centering
\subfigure[Hot Map of one Room]{ % 图片1([]内为子图标题)
\label{fig:sub.roomhot} % 子图1的标签
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{XXX.jpg}}% 子图1的相对位置
\subfigure[Hot Map of one Floor]{ % 图片2
\label{fig:sub.floorhot} % 子图2的标签
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{XXX.jpg}}% 子图2的相对位置
\caption{Hot Map of one Room and one Floor} % 总图标题
\label{fig:hot} % 总图标签
\end{figure}
3、多图并列放置（全图格式）
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centering %图片全局居中
%并排几个图，就要写几个minipage
\begin{minipage}[b]{0.45\textwidth} %所有minipage宽度之和小于1
\centering %图片局部居中
\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{DV_demand}
%此时的图片宽度比例是相对于这个minipage的，不是全局
\caption{name 1}
\label{fig:1}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}[b]{0.45\textwidth}
\centering %图片局部居中
\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{P+R_demand}
\caption{name 2}
\label{fig:2}
\end{minipage}
\end{figure}
4、放置图片过程中，调整图片尺寸
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth,trim=85 80 80 85,clip]{room_pic_guidance_new/step179.jpg}}
% 从左到右依次为左、下、右、上
5、Visio画图有多余边框
http://www.mamicode.com/info-detail-2181323.html
6、图片环绕文字
% \usepackage{wrapfig} %环绕文字需要引用的宏包
\begin{wrapfigure}{r}{8cm} %靠文字内容的左侧
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.45\textwidth]{01.jpg} % 图片相对位置
\caption{程控放大器设计框图} % 图片标题
\label{fig:01} % 图片标签
\end{wrapfigure}
公式
1.局部对齐不标序号
\begin{equation*}
\begin{aligned}
\text{the initial temperature: } &\quad T_0=1, \\
\text{the terminal temperature: }&\quad e = 10^{-30},\\
\text{attenuation coefficient: }&\quad \alpha =0.999, \\
\text{the solution domain: }&\quad \mathbb{S}=\left\{p \in(0, \infty), t \in\left(0, t_{\max }\right]\right\}
\end{aligned}
\end{equation*}
2.一个优化模型的示例
\begin{align}
\min &\,Z=\sum_{i \in \mathbb{I}} \sum_{j} \in B(j)\\
\mathrm{s.t.} &\left\{\begin{array}{llll}
\sum\limits_{i \in A(i)} V_i y_{ij} \le \sum\limits_{j \in A(i)} E_j x_j,\\
\sum\limits_{j \in B(i)} y_{ij} \ge 1, \forall i\in \mathbb{I}, \forall j \in B(j), \\
\sum\limits_{i \in A(i)} x_j \ge 1, \forall i \in \mathbb{I}, \\
y_{ij}\le x_j, \forall i\in \mathbb{I}, j\in \mathbb{J}. \\
\end{array}\right.
\end{align}
3.添加行属性、列属性的矩阵
\begin{equation}\label{Eq:matrix1}
\bordermatrix{%
& t_1 & t_2 &\cdots &t_n\cr
u_1 & ? & ? &\cdots & ?\cr
u_2 & ? & ? &\cdots & ?\cr
\vdots & \vdots &\vdots &\cdots &\vdots\cr
u_m & ? & ? &\cdots &?
},
\end{equation}
表格
LaTeX表格：http://www.tablesgenerator.com/tex_tables
1.符号说明(基础三线表)
\begin{table}[!htbp]
\begin{center}
\caption{Notations} % 表格标题
\begin{tabular}{c|l} % 三线表格式('c'居中，'l'左对齐，'|'表示竖框线)
\toprule % 上框线
\multicolumn{1}{m{3cm}}{\centering Symbol}
&\multicolumn{1}{m{8cm}}{\centering Definition}\\
\midrule % 中框线
$\rho$ & the people density\\
$\mathit{SD_i}$ & the spatial danger of the $i^{th}$ cellular\\
$v_i$ & the velocity of the $i^{th}$ visitor\\
$\overrightarrow{F_{Mi}}$ & the attractive force (spatial danger and velocity) on the $i^{th}$ visitor\\
$\overrightarrow{F_{ppi}}$ & the people-to-people interaction force on the $i^{th}$ visitor\\
$\overrightarrow{d_i}$ & the expected movement direction the $i^{th}$ visitor\\
$\alpha$ &the weight of the spatial danger and visitors’ velocity in $\overrightarrow{d_i}$\\
$\beta$ &the weight of interaction force between people in $\overrightarrow{d_i}$\\
$p$ & the ratio of the crowd decentralization\\
\bottomrule %底框线
\end{tabular}\label{tb:notation}
\end{center}
\end{table}
2.基础表格
\begin{table}[!htbp]
\begin{center}
\caption{Grey prediction accuracy registration}
\begin{tabular}{c|ccccccc}
\toprule
\textbf{Year} &2011 &2012 &2013 &2014 &2015 &2016 &2017\\
\midrule
\textbf{EV Amount} & 1000& 1800& 3000&5000&8000&15000&20000 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}\label{tb:Gray_Prediction}
\end{center}
\end{table}
3.固定列宽表格
\begin{table}[!htbp]
\begin{center}
\caption{Normalized results of raw data for each indicator}
\begin{tabularx}{32em} % 控制固定总列宽32em
{*{8}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}} % 8栏每栏表格居中
\toprule
\textit{C}\textsubscript{1} &\textit{C}\textsubscript{2} &\textit{C}\textsubscript{3} &\textit{C}\textsubscript{4} &\textit{C}\textsubscript{5} &\textit{C}\textsubscript{6} &\textit{C}\textsubscript{7} &\textit{C}\textsubscript{8}\\
\midrule
0.0833& 1.0& 0 &0.375& 1 &0.9326 &0.9067 &0 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}\label{tb:Normalized_results}
\end{center}
\end{table}
4.标题行分两类的表格
\begin{table}[!htbp]
\begin{center}
\caption{Metabolic rate of different Flying creatures in Static and Dynamic}
\begin{tabular}{cccc}
\toprule
\multirow{2}{*}{Flying creatures} & \multirow{2}{*}{Body weight (g)} &\multicolumn{2}{c}{Metabolic rate (cal$\cdot\text{g}^{-1}\cdot\text{hr}^{-1}$)}\\
\cmidrule{3-4}
& & Dynamic & Static\\
\midrule
\textbf{Parrot} & 42& 106 & 15.4\\
\textbf{Gull} & 345 &56 & 7.2\\
\textbf{Bat} & 512& 60 & 6.9\\
\textbf{Eagle} & 2117& 36 & 4.5\\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}\label{tb:Metabolic_rate}
\end{center}
\end{table}
信件
% 以下为信件/备忘录部分，不需要可自行去掉
% 如有需要可将整个 letter 环境移动到文章开头或中间
% 请在后一个花括号内填写信件（Letter）或备忘录（Memorandum）标题
\begin{letter}{Memorandum}
\begin{flushleft} % 左对齐环境，无首行缩进
\textbf{To:} Heishan Yan\\
\textbf{From:} Team XXXXXXX\\
\textbf{Date:} October 1st, 2019\\
\textbf{Subject:} A better choice than MS Word: \LaTeX
\end{flushleft}
In the memo, we want to introduce you an alternate typesetting program to the prevailing MS Word: \textbf{\LaTeX}. In fact, the history of \LaTeX\ is even longer than that of MS Word. In 1970s, the famous computer scientist Donald Knuth first came out with a typesetting program, which named \TeX\ \ldots
Firstly, \ldots
Secondly, \ldots
Lastly, \ldots
According to all those mentioned above, it is really worth to have a try on \LaTeX!
\end{letter}
参考文献（MLA）
1.普通书籍
\bibitem{1} Venuti, Fiammetta, and Luca Bruno. "Crowd-structure interaction in lively footbridges under synchronous lateral excitation: A literature review." \emph{Physics of life reviews} 6.3 (2009): 176-206.
\bibitem{6} Yuan, Weifeng, and Kang Hai Tan. "An evacuation model using cellular automata." \emph{Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications} 384.2 (2007): 549-566.
2.博士论文
\bibitem{4} Kongjin Zhu. \emph{Study on Evacuation Characteristics and Evacuation Strategy in Typical Rigions of buildings}. Diss. Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2013.
3.网站
\bibitem{3} \emph{Charging Station}. (2019). Retrieved January 1, 2020, from\url{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charging_station}
代码高亮
\noindent\textsc{Part A} - \textbf{lab021.m}
\lstinputlisting[language=matlab]{./code/lab021.m}
\begin{lstlisting}[language=vhdl]
process(sel3) --根据音调编码，分配分频系数
begin
case sel3 is
when"000"=>count_ld<="0111011101110"; --3822 -- 1(中音do!)
when"001"=>count_ld<="0000000110010"; --50 -- 1(低音do)
when"010"=>count_ld<="0000000010100"; --20 -- 2(低音re)
when"011"=>count_ld<="0000000001010"; --10 -- 3(低音mi)
when"100"=>count_ld<="0000000000101"; --5 -- 4(低音fa)
when"101"=>count_ld<="0000000000010"; --2 -- 5(低音sol)
when"110"=>count_ld<="1000111000000"; --4544 -- 6(低音la)
when"111"=>count_ld<="0111111010000"; --4048 -- 7(低音si)
when others=>count_ld<="0111011101110"; --3822
end case;
end process;
\end{lstlisting}
另外附加学长整理的美赛英文表述
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