软件设计模式与体系结构【实验报告合集】

四个实验（两学时）：策略模式、装饰者模式、抽象工厂模式、命令模式【没做GUI界面，只满足最简要求】

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策略模式 Strategy Pattern

       策略模式定义了算法族，分别封装起来，让他们之间可以互相替换，此模式让算法的变化独立于使用算法的客户。在熟悉策略模式相关理论知识的基础上，使用策略模式实现一个小游戏。

一、基本要求

       使用策略模式实现一个小游戏，要求如下：

1. 游戏中有三个角色：和尚，侠女，忍者；
2. 每个角色都有生命值和魔法值，但各角色不同。
3. 各角色外观不同。
4. 每个角色具有魔法攻击和物理攻击；
5. 物理攻击有三种：用刀、用剑、用手；
6. 魔法攻击也有三种：火系魔法、金系魔法、水系魔法；

       各角色可以动态更换物理、魔法攻击方式，也可以动态选择攻击方法。

       笔者推荐参考https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42685588/article/details/103576562

二、实验内容

       1. 设计并绘制该程序的类图；

       2. 依照设计的类图使用Java语言编写代码，并实现该程序；

       3. 除了核心的模式相关类实现外，提供测试环境，按照难度高低，分别是：

              a）控制台程序，Client硬编码初始化模式和测试环境，运行结果文本输出；

              b）控制台程序，Client初始化测试环境，并根据用户输入运算，运行结果文本输出；

              c）设计并实现用户UI，Client初始化测试环境，并根据用户在UI控件上的输入运算，运行结果文本输出；

三、实验提示

       1. 策略模式的结构和组件

• Strategy：定义所有支持算法的公共接口，Context使用该接口调用某ConcreteStrategy定义的算法；
• ConcreteStrategy：以Strategy接口实现某具体算法；
• Context：用一个ConcreteStrategy对象来配置，维护一个对Strategy对象的引用，可定义一个接口来让Strategy访问它的数据；

       2. 策略模式代码提示 【出自《Head First设计模式》一书】

       SimUDuck范例：将duck的行为理解为 “一组行为”，并使用策略模式的“一族算法”来进行实现。

        Duck基类

public abstract class Duck {
	FlyBehavior flyBehavior;
	QuackBehavior quackBehavior;
 
	public Duck() {
	}
 
	public void setFlyBehavior (FlyBehavior fb) {
		flyBehavior = fb;
	}
 
	public void setQuackBehavior(QuackBehavior qb) {
		quackBehavior = qb;
	}
 
	abstract void display();
 
	public void performFly() {
		flyBehavior.fly();
	}
 
	public void performQuack() {
		quackBehavior.quack();
	}
 
	public void swim() {
		System.out.println("All ducks float, even decoys!");
	}
}

        FlyBehavior和QuackBehavior接口

public interface QuackBehavior {
	public void quack();
}

public interface FlyBehavior {
	public void fly();
}

       FlyWithWings具体行为

public class FlyWithWings implements FlyBehavior {
	public void fly() {
		System.out.println("I'm flying!!");
	}
}

        MiniDuckSimulator测试环境

public class MiniDuckSimulator {
 
	public static void main(String[] args) {
 
		MallardDuck	mallard = new MallardDuck();
		RubberDuck rubberDuckie = new RubberDuck();
		DecoyDuck decoy = new DecoyDuck();

		ModelDuck model = new ModelDuck();

		mallard.performQuack();
		rubberDuckie.performQuack();
		decoy.performQuack();
   
		model.performFly();	
		model.setFlyBehavior(new FlyRocketPowered());
		model.performFly();
	}
}

 四、实验原理（算法或图）

                                                                               图1 策略模式类图 

五、源代码

Role（基类）

public abstract class Role {
	Magic magic;
	Physics physics;
	
	public Role(Magic magic, Physics physics) {
		setMagic(magic);
		setPhysics(physics);
	};
	
	public abstract void display();
	
	public void performMagic() {
		magic.magicAttack();
	}
	
	public void performPhysics() {
		physics.physicsAttack();
	}
	
	public void setMagic(Magic magic) {
		this.magic = magic;
	}
	
	public void setPhysics(Physics physics) {
		this.physics = physics;
	}
}

Monk和尚、Heroine侠女、Ninja忍者（子类）

public class Monk extends Role {
	public Monk(Magic magic, Physics physics) {
		super(magic, physics);
	}

	@Override
	public void display() {
		System.out.println("我外貌像个和尚");
	}
}
public class Heroine extends Role {
	public Heroine(Magic magic, Physics physics) {
		super(magic, physics);
	}

	@Override
	public void display() {
		System.out.println("我外貌像个侠女");
	}
}
public class Ninja extends Role {
	public Ninja(Magic magic, Physics physics) {
		super(magic, physics);
	}

	@Override
	public void display() {
		System.out.println("我外貌像个忍者");
	}
}

Magic接口 

public interface Magic {
	public void magicAttack() ;
}

实现Magic的类

public class MagicFire implements Magic {
	@Override
	public void magicAttack() {
		System.out.println("正在使用火系魔法攻击");
	}
}
public class MagicGold implements Magic {
	@Override
	public void magicAttack() {
		System.out.println("正在使用金系魔法攻击");
	}
}
public class MagicWater implements Magic {
	@Override
	public void magicAttack() {
		System.out.println("正在使用水系魔法攻击");
	}
}

Physics接口

public interface Physics {
	public void physicsAttack() ;
}

实现Physics的类

public class PhysicsHand implements Physics {
	@Override
	public void physicsAttack() {
		System.out.println("正在使用手进行物理攻击");
	}
}
public class PhysicsKnife implements Physics {
	@Override
	public void physicsAttack() {
		System.out.println("正在使用刀进行物理攻击");
	}
}
public class PhysicsSword  implements Physics {
	@Override
	public void physicsAttack() {
		System.out.println("正在使用剑进行物理攻击");
	}
}

Test类

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Monk monk = new Monk(new MagicGold(), new PhysicsHand());
		monk.display();
		monk.performPhysics();
		monk.performMagic();
		
		Heroine heroine  =new Heroine(new MagicWater(), new PhysicsSword());
		heroine.display();
		heroine.performPhysics();
		heroine.performMagic();
		
		Ninja ninja = new Ninja(new MagicFire(), new PhysicsSword());
		ninja.display();
		ninja.performPhysics();
		ninja.performMagic();
	}
}

 六、运行结果

 装饰者模式 Decorator Pattern

        装饰者模式动态地将责任附加到对象上，若要扩展功能，装饰者提供了比继承更有弹性的替代方案。在熟悉装饰者模式相关理论知识的基础上，使用装设者模式实现米线店结账小程序。

一、基本要求

        使用装饰者模式实现米线店结账程序，要求如下：

1. 米线有三种，干浆、酸浆和水米线。
2. 配料有三种，豆腐、鸡蛋、牛肉，今后还会更多。
3. 客户可疑随心所欲的要各种米线搭配各种配料，配料可以加同一种加多份，或者不同种加多份。

二、实验内容

        1. 设计并绘制该程序的类图；

        2. 依照设计的类图使用Java语言编写代码，并实现该程序；

        3. 除了核心的模式相关类实现外，提供测试环境，按照难度高低，分别是：

              a）控制台程序，Client硬编码初始化模式和测试环境，运行结果文本输出；

              b）控制台程序，Client初始化测试环境，并根据用户输入运算，运行结果文本输出；

              c）设计并实现用户UI，Client初始化测试环境，并根据用户在UI控件上的输入运算，运行结果文本输出；

三、实验提示

        1. 装饰者模式的结构和组件

• Component：对象接口，可以给对象动态地添加职责；
• Concrete Component：具体对象；
• Decorator：维持一个指向Component对象的指针，并定义一个与Component接口一致的接口；
• ConcreteDecorator：向组件添加职责；
• Decorator将请求转发给它的Component对象，并有可能在转发请求前后执行一些附加的动作；

        2. 装饰者模式代码提示

        Starbuzz范例：以饮料为主体，然后在运行时以调料来“装饰”饮料。

        Beverage 基类

public abstract class Beverage {
	String description = "Unknown Beverage";
  
	public String getDescription() {
		return description;
	}
 
	public abstract double cost();
}

        HouseBlend 具体饮料类

public class HouseBlend extends Beverage {
	public HouseBlend() {
		description = "House Blend Coffee";
	}
 
	public double cost() {
		return .89;
	}
}

        CondimentDecorator 调料基类

public abstract class CondimentDecorator extends Beverage {
	public abstract String getDescription();
}

        Soy 具体调料类

public class Soy extends CondimentDecorator {
	Beverage beverage;

	public Soy(Beverage beverage) {
		this.beverage = beverage;
	}

	public String getDescription() {
		return beverage.getDescription() + ", Soy";
	}

	public double cost() {
		return .15 + beverage.cost();
	}
}

        StarbuzzCoffee 测试环境

public class StarbuzzCoffee {
 
	public static void main(String args[]) {
		Beverage beverage = new Espresso();
		System.out.println(beverage.getDescription() + " $" + beverage.cost());
 
		Beverage beverage2 = new DarkRoast();
		beverage2 = new Mocha(beverage2);
		beverage2 = new Mocha(beverage2);
		beverage2 = new Whip(beverage2);
		System.out.println(beverage2.getDescription() + " $" + beverage2.cost());
 
		Beverage beverage3 = new HouseBlend();
		beverage3 = new Soy(beverage3);
		beverage3 = new Mocha(beverage3);
		beverage3 = new Whip(beverage3);
		System.out.println(beverage3.getDescription() + " $" + beverage3.cost());
	}
}

四、实验原理（算法或图）

 五、源码

Noodles基类

public abstract class Noodles {
	private String description = null;
	
	public String getDescription() {
	 	return description;
	}

	public void setDescription(String description) {
	 	this.description = description;
	}

	public abstract double cost();
}

 继承Noodles的类

public class NoodlesAcid extends Noodles {
	public NoodlesAcid() {
    	String description="酸浆米线";
		setDescription(description);
    }
	
	@Override
	public double cost() {
		return 3;
	}
}
public class NoodlesDry extends Noodles {
	public NoodlesDry() {
		String description="干浆米线";
		setDescription(description);
	}
	
	@Override
	public double cost() {
		return 2;
	}
}
public class NoodlesWater extends Noodles {
	public NoodlesWater() {
    	String description="水米线";
		setDescription(description);
    }
	
	@Override
	public double cost() {
		return 2;
	}
}

Ingredients基类

public abstract class Ingredients extends Noodles {
	public abstract String getDescription();
		
	@Override
	public double cost() {
		return 0;
	}	
}

 继承Ingredients的类

public class Beef extends Ingredients{
	private Noodles noodles=null;
    
	public Beef(Noodles noodles){
		this.noodles = noodles;
	}
	
	@Override
	public String getDescription() {
		String str = noodles.getDescription();
		
		if(str.indexOf("牛肉") != -1){
			return str;
		}else{
			return "牛肉" + noodles.getDescription();
		}
	}
	
	public double cost(){
		return 5 + noodles.cost();
	}
}
public class Egg extends Ingredients {
	private Noodles noodles=null;
    
	public Egg(Noodles noodles){
		this.noodles = noodles;
	}
	
	@Override
	public String getDescription() {
		String str = noodles.getDescription();
		
		if(str.indexOf("鸡蛋") != -1){
			return str;
		}else{
			return "鸡蛋" + noodles.getDescription();
		}
	}
	
	public double cost(){
		return 2 + noodles.cost();
	}
}
public class Tofu extends Ingredients{
	private Noodles noodles=null;
    
	public Tofu(Noodles noodles){
		this.noodles = noodles;
	}
	
	@Override
	public String getDescription() {
		String str = noodles.getDescription();
		
		if(str.indexOf("豆腐") != -1){
			return str;
		}else{
			return "豆腐" + noodles.getDescription();
		}
	}
	
	public double cost(){
		return 2.5 + noodles.cost();
	}
}

Test类

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
	    Noodles noodles1 = new NoodlesDry();
	    noodles1 = new Egg(noodles1);
	    noodles1 = new Beef(noodles1);
	    System.out.println(noodles1.getDescription() + noodles1.cost());
	    
	    Noodles noodles2 = new NoodlesAcid();
	    noodles2 = new Tofu(noodles2);
	    noodles2 = new Beef(noodles2);
	    System.out.println(noodles2.getDescription() + noodles2.cost());
	}
}

六、实验结果

 抽象工厂模式 Abstract Factory Pattern

        抽象工厂模式提供一个接口，用于创建相关或依赖对象的家族，而不需要明确指定具体类。在熟悉抽象工厂模式相关理论知识的基础上，使用抽象工厂模式实现“电脑配置商店”程序。 

一、基本要求

使用抽象工厂模式实现“电脑配置商店”，要求如下：

1. 电脑由CPU、主板、显卡、内存、硬盘等配件组合而成。现电脑配置有两种配置方案。
2. 根据配置方案可以显示具体配置信息。
3. 根据配置方案可以显示价格。

二、实验内容

        1. 设计并绘制该程序的类图；

        2. 依照设计的类图使用Java语言编写代码，并实现该程序；

        3. 除了核心的模式相关类实现外，提供测试环境，按照难度高低，分别是：

                a）控制台程序，Client硬编码初始化模式和测试环境，运行结果文本输出；

                b）控制台程序，Client初始化测试环境，并根据用户输入运算，运行结果文本输出；

                c）设计并实现用户UI，Client初始化测试环境，并根据用户在UI控件上的输入运算，运行结果文本输出；

三、实验提示

        1. 抽象工厂模式的结构和组件

• Abstract Factory：声明创建抽象产品对象的操作接口；
• ConcreteFactory：实现创建具体对象的操作；
• Abstract Product：为一类产品对象声明一个接口；
• ConcreteProduct：定义一个被具体工厂创建的产品对象；

        2. 抽象工厂模式代码提示

        PizzaStore范例：抽象工厂允许客户使用抽象的接口来创建一组相关的产品，而不需要知道实际产出的具体产品是什么，这样一来，客户就从具体的产品中被解耦。

        PizzaIngredientFactory 接口

public interface PizzaIngredientFactory {
 
	public Dough createDough();
	public Sauce createSauce();
	public Cheese createCheese();
	public Veggies[] createVeggies();
	public Pepperoni createPepperoni();
	public Clams createClam();
}

        ChicagoPizzaIngredientFactory 具体实现类

public class ChicagoPizzaIngredientFactory 
	implements PizzaIngredientFactory 
{

	public Dough createDough() {
		return new ThickCrustDough();
	}

	public Sauce createSauce() {
		return new PlumTomatoSauce();
	}

	public Cheese createCheese() {
		return new MozzarellaCheese();
	}

	public Veggies[] createVeggies() {
		Veggies veggies[] = { new BlackOlives(), 
		                      new Spinach(), 
		                      new Eggplant() };
		return veggies;
	}

	public Pepperoni createPepperoni() {
		return new SlicedPepperoni();
	}

	public Clams createClam() {
		return new FrozenClams();
	}
}

        Pizza 基类

public abstract class Pizza {
	String name;

	Dough dough;
	Sauce sauce;
	Veggies veggies[];
	Cheese cheese;
	Pepperoni pepperoni;
	Clams clam;

	abstract void prepare();

	void bake() {
		System.out.println("Bake for 25 minutes at 350");
	}

	void cut() {
		System.out.println("Cutting the pizza into diagonal slices");
	}

	void box() {
		System.out.println("Place pizza in official PizzaStore box");
	}

	void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public String toString() {
		StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
		result.append("---- " + name + " ----\n");
		if (dough != null) {
			result.append(dough);
			result.append("\n");
		}
		if (sauce != null) {
			result.append(sauce);
			result.append("\n");
		}
		if (cheese != null) {
			result.append(cheese);
			result.append("\n");
		}
		if (veggies != null) {
			for (int i = 0; i < veggies.length; i++) {
				result.append(veggies[i]);
				if (i < veggies.length-1) {
					result.append(", ");
				}
			}
			result.append("\n");
		}
		if (clam != null) {
			result.append(clam);
			result.append("\n");
		}
		if (pepperoni != null) {
			result.append(pepperoni);
			result.append("\n");
		}
		return result.toString();
	}
}

        Dough 接口及实现

public interface Dough {
	public String toString();
}

public class ThickCrustDough implements Dough {
	public String toString() {
		return "ThickCrust style extra thick crust dough";
	}
}

         PizzaTestDrive 测试环境

public class PizzaTestDrive {
 
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		PizzaStore nyStore = new NYPizzaStore();
		PizzaStore chicagoStore = new ChicagoPizzaStore();
 
		Pizza pizza = nyStore.orderPizza("cheese");
		System.out.println("Ethan ordered a " + pizza + "\n");
 
		pizza = chicagoStore.orderPizza("cheese");
		System.out.println("Joel ordered a " + pizza + "\n");

		pizza = nyStore.orderPizza("clam");
		System.out.println("Ethan ordered a " + pizza + "\n");
 
		pizza = chicagoStore.orderPizza("clam");
		System.out.println("Joel ordered a " + pizza + "\n");

		pizza = nyStore.orderPizza("pepperoni");
		System.out.println("Ethan ordered a " + pizza + "\n");
 
		pizza = chicagoStore.orderPizza("pepperoni");
		System.out.println("Joel ordered a " + pizza + "\n");

		pizza = nyStore.orderPizza("veggie");
		System.out.println("Ethan ordered a " + pizza + "\n");
 
		pizza = chicagoStore.orderPizza("veggie");
		System.out.println("Joel ordered a " + pizza + "\n");
	}
}

四、实验原理

五、源码

ComputerStore类

public abstract class ComputerStore {
	ComputerFactory computer;
	public abstract ComputerFactory createComputer(String type) ;
}

继承ComputerStore的类

public class Computer extends ComputerStore{
	public  ComputerFactory createComputer(String type){
		ComputerFactory computer=null;
		if(type.equals("A")){
			computer=new AFactory();
		}
		else if(type.equals("B")){
			computer=new BFactory();
		}
		
		computer.createCpu();
		computer.createGraphicsCard();
		computer.createHarddisk();
		computer.createMainboard();
		computer.createRam();
		computer.displayPrice();
		return computer;
	}
}

 ComputerFactory接口

public interface ComputerFactory {
	public Cpu createCpu(); 
	public Mainboard createMainboard(); 
	public GraphicsCard createGraphicsCard();
	public Ram createRam();  
	public Harddisk createHarddisk(); 
	public void displayPrice();
}

实现ComputerFactory的类

public class AFactory implements ComputerFactory{
	public AFactory(){
		System.out.println("\n方案A:");
	}
	
	public Cpu createCpu() {
		return new ACpu();
	}
	
	public Mainboard createMainboard() {
		return new AMainboard();
	}
	
	public GraphicsCard createGraphicsCard() {
		return new AGraphicsCard();
	}
	
	public Ram createRam() {
		return new ARam();
	}
	
	public Harddisk createHarddisk() {
		return new AHarddisk();
	}
	
	public void displayPrice() {
		System.out.println("RMB:4000");
	}	
}
public class BFactory implements ComputerFactory{
	public BFactory(){
		System.out.println("\n方案B:");
	}
	public Cpu createCpu() {
		return new BCpu();
	}
	public Mainboard createMainboard() {
		return new BMainboard();
	}
	public GraphicsCard createGraphicsCard() {
		return new BGraphicsCard();
	}
	public Ram createRam() {
		return new BRam();
	}
	public Harddisk createHarddisk() {
		return new BHarddisk();
	}
	public void displayPrice() {
		System.out.println("RMB:8000");
	}
}

 Cpu接口

public interface Cpu {
	String Cpu=new String();
}

实现Cpu的类

public class ACpu implements Cpu {
	String Cpu = new String();
	
	public ACpu(){
		Cpu="Intel i5";
		System.out.println("Cpu:" + Cpu);
	}
}
public class BCpu implements Cpu {
	String Cpu = new String();
	
	public BCpu(){
		Cpu="Intel i7";
		System.out.println("Cpu:" + Cpu);
	}
}

 GraphicsCard接口

public interface GraphicsCard {
	String GraphicsCard=new String(); 
}

实现GraphicsCard的类

public class AGraphicsCard implements GraphicsCard{
	String GraphicsCard=new String();
	
	public AGraphicsCard(){
		GraphicsCard="GTX 1050";
		System.out.println("GraphicsCard:"+GraphicsCard);
	}
}
public class BGraphicsCard implements GraphicsCard{
	String GraphicsCard = new String();
	
	public BGraphicsCard(){
		GraphicsCard="GTX 1050Ti";
		System.out.println("GraphicsCard:"+GraphicsCard);
	}
}

 Harddisk接口

public interface Harddisk {
	String Harddisk=new String();
}

实现Harddisk的类

public class AHarddisk implements Harddisk{
	String Harddisk=new String();
	
	public AHarddisk(){
		Harddisk="HDD 1T";
		System.out.println("Harddisk:"+Harddisk);
	}
}
public class BHarddisk implements Harddisk {
	String Harddisk=new String();
	
	public BHarddisk(){
		Harddisk="SSD 1T";
		System.out.println("Harddisk:"+Harddisk);
	}
}

 Mianboard接口

public interface Mainboard {
	String Mainboard=new String();
}

继承Mianboard的类

public class AMainboard implements Mainboard{
	String Mainboard=new String();
	
	public AMainboard(){
		Mainboard="ASUS";
		System.out.println("Mainboard:"+Mainboard);
	}
}
public class BGraphicsCard implements GraphicsCard{
	String GraphicsCard = new String();
	
	public BGraphicsCard(){
		GraphicsCard="GTX 1050Ti";
		System.out.println("GraphicsCard:"+GraphicsCard);
	}
}

 Ram接口

public interface Ram {
	String Ram =new String();
}

实现Ram的类

public class ARam implements Ram{
	String Ram=new String();
	
	public ARam(){
		Ram="4g";
		System.out.println("Ram:"+Ram);
	}
}
public class BRam implements Ram{
	String Ram=new String();

	public BRam(){
		Ram="8g";
		System.out.println("Ram:"+Ram);
	}
}

Test类

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Computer computer=new Computer ();
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		System.out.println("选项选择电脑配置方案 (A or B)");
    	String k = sc.nextLine();
    	sc.close();
    	switch(k){
    	case "A": case "a":
    		computer.createComputer("A");
    		break;
    	case "B": case "b":
    		computer.createComputer("B");
    		break;
    	default:
    		System.out.println("不存在所选择方案");
    		break;
    	}
	}
}

 六、实验结果

命令模式 Command Pattern

        命令模式将“请求”封装成对象，以便使用不同的请求、队列或者日志来参数化其他对象，命令模式也支持可撤销的操作。在熟悉命令模式相关理论知识的基础上，使用命令模式实现图片处理程序。

一、基本要求

        使用命令模式实现图片处理程序，要求如下：

1. 图片处理程序要有3张图片。
2. 每张图片至少有3种操作。
3. 实现类似遥控器的菜单，动态的选择对图片进行的处理。
4. 要有“撤消操作”，撤消操作要可以撤销至最后一步。

二、 实验内容

        1. 设计并绘制该程序的类图；

        2. 依照设计的类图使用Java语言编写代码，并实现该程序；

        3. 除了核心的模式相关类实现外，提供测试环境，按照难度高低，分别是：

                a）控制台程序，Client硬编码初始化模式和测试环境，运行结果文本输出；

                b）控制台程序，Client初始化测试环境，并根据用户输入运算，运行结果文本输出；

                c）设计并实现用户UI，Client初始化测试环境，并根据用户在UI控件上的输入运算，运行结果文本输出；

三、实验提示

        1. 命令模式的结构和组件

• Command：声明执行操作的接口；
• ConcreteCommand：将一个接收者对象绑定于一个动作，调用接收者相应的操作；
• Client（Application）：创建一个具体命令对象并设定其接收者；
• Invoker（MenuItem）：要求命令执行请求；
• Receiver（Document，Application）：知道如何实施与执行一个请求相关的操作；

         2. 命令模式代码提示

        RemoteControl范例：命令对象将动作和接收者包进对象中。这个对象只暴露出一个execute()方法，当此方法调用的时候，接收者就会进行这些动作。

         RemoteControl类

public class RemoteControl {
	Command[] onCommands;
	Command[] offCommands;
 
	public RemoteControl() {
		onCommands = new Command[7];
		offCommands = new Command[7];
 
		Command noCommand = new NoCommand();
		for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
			onCommands[i] = noCommand;
			offCommands[i] = noCommand;
		}
	}
  
	public void setCommand(int slot, Command onCommand, Command offCommand) {
		onCommands[slot] = onCommand;
		offCommands[slot] = offCommand;
	}
 
	public void onButtonWasPushed(int slot) {
		onCommands[slot].execute();
	}
 
	public void offButtonWasPushed(int slot) {
		offCommands[slot].execute();
	}
  
	public String toString() {
		StringBuffer stringBuff = new StringBuffer();
		stringBuff.append("\n------ Remote Control -------\n");
		for (int i = 0; i < onCommands.length; i++) {
			stringBuff.append("[slot " + i + "] " + onCommands[i].getClass().getName()
				+ "    " + offCommands[i].getClass().getName() + "\n");
		}
		return stringBuff.toString();
	}
}

         Command类

public interface Command {
	public void execute();
}

         Light类

public class Light {
	String location = "";

	public Light(String location) {
		this.location = location;
	}

	public void on() {
		System.out.println(location + " light is on");
	}

	public void off() {
		System.out.println(location + " light is off");
	}
}

         LightOnCommand类

public class LightOnCommand implements Command {
	Light light;

	public LightOnCommand(Light light) {
		this.light = light;
	}

	public void execute() {
		light.on();
	}
}

         测试环境RemoteLoader

public class RemoteLoader {
 
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		RemoteControl remoteControl = new RemoteControl();
 
		Light livingRoomLight = new Light("Living Room");
		Light kitchenLight = new Light("Kitchen");
		CeilingFan ceilingFan= new CeilingFan("Living Room");
		GarageDoor garageDoor = new GarageDoor("");
		Stereo stereo = new Stereo("Living Room");
  
		LightOnCommand livingRoomLightOn = 
				new LightOnCommand(livingRoomLight);
		LightOffCommand livingRoomLightOff = 
				new LightOffCommand(livingRoomLight);
		LightOnCommand kitchenLightOn = 
				new LightOnCommand(kitchenLight);
		LightOffCommand kitchenLightOff = 
				new LightOffCommand(kitchenLight);
  
		CeilingFanOnCommand ceilingFanOn = 
				new CeilingFanOnCommand(ceilingFan);
		CeilingFanOffCommand ceilingFanOff = 
				new CeilingFanOffCommand(ceilingFan);
 
		GarageDoorUpCommand garageDoorUp =
				new GarageDoorUpCommand(garageDoor);
		GarageDoorDownCommand garageDoorDown =
				new GarageDoorDownCommand(garageDoor);
 
		StereoOnWithCDCommand stereoOnWithCD =
				new StereoOnWithCDCommand(stereo);
		StereoOffCommand  stereoOff =
				new StereoOffCommand(stereo);
 
		remoteControl.setCommand(0, livingRoomLightOn, livingRoomLightOff);
		remoteControl.setCommand(1, kitchenLightOn, kitchenLightOff);
		remoteControl.setCommand(2, ceilingFanOn, ceilingFanOff);
		remoteControl.setCommand(3, stereoOnWithCD, stereoOff);
  
		System.out.println(remoteControl);
 
		remoteControl.onButtonWasPushed(0);
		remoteControl.offButtonWasPushed(0);
		remoteControl.onButtonWasPushed(1);
		remoteControl.offButtonWasPushed(1);
		remoteControl.onButtonWasPushed(2);
		remoteControl.offButtonWasPushed(2);
		remoteControl.onButtonWasPushed(3);
		remoteControl.offButtonWasPushed(3);
	}
}

四、实验原理

五、源码

图片类

public class Picture1 {
	public String rotate(){
		 return "Picture1旋转";
	}
	
	public String cut(){
		return "Picture1剪切";
	}

	public String mirror(){
		return "Picture1镜像";
	}
}
public class Picture2 {
	public String adjustContrast(){
		return "picture2调节对比度";
	}
	
	public String adjustBrightness(){
		return "picture2调节亮度";
	}
	
	public String adjustSaturation(){
		return "picture2调节饱和度";
	}
}
public class Picture3 {
	public String zoomIn(){
		return "Picture3放大";
	}

	public String zoomOut(){
		return "Picture3缩小";
	}

	public String warping(){
		return "Picture3扭曲";
	}
}

Command接口

public interface Command {
	public String execute();
}

实现Command的类 

public class CommandCut implements Command {
	Picture1 picture = null;
	
    public CommandCut(Picture1 picture){
    	this.picture = picture;
    }
    
	@Override
	public String execute() {
		return picture.cut();
	}
}
public class CommandMirror implements Command {
	Picture1 picture = null;
	
    public CommandMirror(Picture1 picture){
    	this.picture = picture;
    }
    
	@Override
	public String execute() {
		return picture.mirror();
	}
}
public class CommandRotate implements Command {
	Picture1 picture = null;
	
    public CommandRotate(Picture1 picture){
    	this.picture = picture;
    }
    
	@Override
	public String execute() {
		return picture.rotate();
	}
}
public class CommandWarping implements Command {
	Picture3 picture = null;
	
    public CommandWarping(Picture3 picture){
    	this.picture = picture;
    }
    
	@Override
	public String execute() {
		return picture.warping();
	}
}
public class CommandZoomIn implements Command {
	Picture3 picture = null;
	
    public CommandZoomIn(Picture3 picture){
    	this.picture = picture;
    }
    
	@Override
	public String execute() {
		return picture.zoomIn();
	}
}
public class CommandZoomOut implements Command {
	Picture3 picture = null;
	
    public CommandZoomOut(Picture3 picture){
    	this.picture = picture;
    }
    
	@Override
	public String execute() {
		return picture.zoomOut();
	}
}
public class CommandNo implements Command{
	@Override
	public String execute() {
		return null;
	}
}
public class CommandRevoke implements Command {
	Command command = null;
	
    public CommandRevoke(Command command){
    	this.command = command;
    }
    
	@Override
	public String execute() {
		return "已撤销上一步:" + command.execute();
	}
}

 Test类

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		Command command = null;
		while(true) {
			System.out.println("选择要处理的图片:\n1)图片1;2)图片2;3)图片3;0)撤销");
	    	String k = sc.nextLine();
	    	switch(k) {
	    	case "1":
	    		Picture1 picture1 = new Picture1();
	    		System.out.println("选择处理方式:\n1)旋转;2)剪切;3)镜像");
	    		String key1 = sc.nextLine();
	    		switch(key1) {
	    		case "1": command = new CommandRotate(picture1); break;
	    		case "2": command = new CommandCut(picture1); break;
	    		case "3": command = new CommandMirror(picture1); break;
	    		default: command = new CommandNo(); break;
	    		}
	    		break;
	    	case "2":
	    		Picture2 picture2 = new Picture2();
	    		System.out.println("选择处理方式:\n1)调节对比度;2)调节亮度;3)调节饱和度");
	    		String key2 = sc.nextLine();
	    		switch(key2) {
	    		case "1": command = new CommandAdjustContrast(picture2); break;
	    		case "2": command = new CommandAdjustBrightness(picture2); break;
	    		case "3": command = new CommandAdjustSaturation(picture2); break;
	    		default: command = new CommandNo(); break;
	    		}
	    		break;
	    	case "3":
	    		Picture3 picture3 = new Picture3();
	    		System.out.println("选择处理方式:\n1)放大;2)缩小;3)扭曲");
	    		String key3 = sc.nextLine();
	    		switch(key3) {
	    		case "1": command = new CommandZoomIn(picture3); break;
	    		case "2": command = new CommandZoomOut(picture3); break;
	    		case "3": command = new CommandWarping(picture3); break;
	    		default: command = new CommandNo(); break;
	    		}
	    		break;
	    	case "0":
	    		command = new CommandRevoke(command);
	    		break;
	    	}
	    	System.out.println(command.execute());
		}
	}
}

六、实验结果