OpenStack------nova组件部署

其他 2021-03-20 10:17:14 阅读次数: 0

OpenStack------nova组件部署

一、nova组件部署位置

控制节点ct

服务 名称
​nova-api nova主服务
​nova-scheduler nova调度服务
​nova-condutor nova数据库服务，提供数据库访问
​nova-novncproxy nova的vnc服务，提供实例的控制台

计算节点c1、c2

服务 名称
nova-compute nova计算服务

二、计算节点Nova服务配置

● 创建nova数据库，并执行授权操作

[root@ct ~]# mysql -uroot -p    #密码是之前设置的123123
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_api;
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova;
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
MariaDB [(none)]> exit

在这里插入图片描述

● 管理Nova用户及服务

#创建nova用户
[root@ct ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password NOVA_PASS nova		#把nova用户添加到service项目，拥有admin权限
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field               | Value                            |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id           | default                          |
| enabled             | True                             |
| id                  | 3f93c6fd098844ada2f5024a0cd9b83c |
| name                | nova                             |
| options             | {
    
    }                               |
| password_expires_at | None                             |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+

[root@ct ~]# openstack role add --project service --user nova admin			#创建nova服务
[root@ct ~]# openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStack Compute" compute		#给Nova服务关联endpoint（端点）
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Compute                |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | 8e1b0fd7269d4679adbcf7a795abedda |
| name        | nova                             |
| type        | compute                          |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

[root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://ct:8774/v2.1
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | 21955b28f08c40e798ffa8b539d0417e |
| interface    | public                           |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | 8e1b0fd7269d4679adbcf7a795abedda |
| service_name | nova                             |
| service_type | compute                          |
| url          | http://ct:8774/v2.1              |
+--------------+----------------------------------+

[root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://ct:8774/v2.1
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | fd1975651ed44f878d19bfcd954ccb78 |
| interface    | internal                         |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | 8e1b0fd7269d4679adbcf7a795abedda |
| service_name | nova                             |
| service_type | compute                          |
| url          | http://ct:8774/v2.1              |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://ct:8774/v2.1
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                            |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                             |
| id           | 9c8b7b9af01c424792035f39202818e6 |
| interface    | admin                            |
| region       | RegionOne                        |
| region_id    | RegionOne                        |
| service_id   | 8e1b0fd7269d4679adbcf7a795abedda |
| service_name | nova                             |
| service_type | compute                          |
| url          | http://ct:8774/v2.1              |
+--------------+----------------------------------+

● 安装nova组件（nova-api、nova-conductor、nova-novncproxy、nova-scheduler）

[root@ct ~]# yum -y install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler

● 修改nova配置文件(nova.conf)

[root@ct ~]# cp -a /etc/nova/nova.conf{,.bak}
[root@ct ~]# grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/nova/nova.conf.bak > /etc/nova/nova.conf

#修改nova.conf

openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT enabled_apis osapi_compute,metadata
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT my_ip 192.168.238.13
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT use_neutron true
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT firewall_driver nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT transport_url rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@ct
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf api_database connection mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@ct/nova_api
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@ct/nova
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement_database connection mysql+pymysql://placement:PLACEMENT_DBPASS@ct/placement
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf api auth_strategy keystone
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://ct:5000/v3
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers ct:11211
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken username nova
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken password NOVA_PASS
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc enabled true
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc server_listen '$my_ip'
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc server_proxyclient_address '$my_ip'
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf glance api_servers http://ct:9292
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf oslo_concurrency lock_path /var/lib/nova/tmp
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement region_name RegionOne
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement project_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement project_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement auth_type password
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement user_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement auth_url http://ct:5000/v3
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement username placement
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement password PLACEMENT_PASS

#查看nova.conf
[root@ct ~]# cat /etc/nova/nova.conf

[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata		#指定支持的api类型
my_ip = 192.168.238.13				#定义本地IP
use_neutron = true					#通过neutron获取IP地址
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@ct	#指定连接的rabbitmq

[api]
auth_strategy = keystone				#指定使用keystone认证

[api_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@ct/nova_api

[barbican]
[cache]
[cinder]
[compute]
[conductor]
[console]
[consoleauth]
[cors]

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@ct/nova

[devices]
[ephemeral_storage_encryption]
[filter_scheduler]

[glance]
api_servers = http://ct:9292

[guestfs]
[healthcheck]
[hyperv]
[ironic]
[key_manager]
[keystone]

[keystone_authtoken]				#配置keystone的认证信息
auth_url = http://ct:5000/v3				#到此url去认证
memcached_servers = ct:11211			#memcache数据库地址:端口
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = NOVA_PASS

[libvirt]
[metrics]
[mks]
[neutron]
[notifications]
[osapi_v21]

[oslo_concurrency]					#指定锁路径
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp			#锁的作用是创建虚拟机时，在执行某个操作的时候，需要等此步骤执行完后才能执行下一个步骤，不能并行执行，保证操作是一步一步的执行

[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_middleware]
[oslo_policy]

[pci]
[placement]
region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://ct:5000/v3
username = placement
password = PLACEMENT_PASS

[powervm]
[privsep]
[profiler]
[quota]
[rdp]
[remote_debug]
[scheduler]
[serial_console]
[service_user]
[spice]
[upgrade_levels]
[vault]
[vendordata_dynamic_auth]
[vmware]
[vnc]						#此处如果配置不正确，则连接不上虚拟机的控制台
enabled = true		
server_listen =  $my_ip				#指定vnc的监听地址
server_proxyclient_address =  $my_ip			#server的客户端地址为本机地址；此地址是管理网的地址

[workarounds]
[wsgi]
[xenserver]
[xvp]
[zvm]

[placement_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://placement:PLACEMENT_DBPASS@ct/placement

● 初始化数据库

#初始化nova_api数据库
[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova

● 注册cell0数据库；nova服务内部把资源划分到不同的cell中，把计算节点划分到不同的cell中；openstack内部基于cell把计算节点进行逻辑上的分组

[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova

#创建cell1单元格；
[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova
42a693ed-3169-4f78-9421-50b7744d71b6

#初始化nova数据库；可以通过 /var/log/nova/nova-manage.log 日志判断是否初始化成功
[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:170: Warning: (1831, u'Duplicate index `block_device_mapping_instance_uuid_virtual_name_device_name_idx`. This is deprecated and will be disallowed in a future release')
  result = self._query(query)
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py:170: Warning: (1831, u'Duplicate index `uniq_instances0uuid`. This is deprecated and will be disallowed in a future release')
  result = self._query(query)

#可使用以下命令验证cell0和cell1是否注册成功
[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells" nova    #验证cell0和cell1组件是否注册成功
+-------+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+----------+
|  名称 |                 UUID                 |       Transport URL        |                数据库连接               | Disabled |
+-------+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+----------+
| cell0 | 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 |           none:/           | mysql+pymysql://nova:****@c2/nova_cell0 |  False   |
| cell1 | 42a693ed-3169-4f78-9421-50b7744d71b6 | rabbit://openstack:****@c2 |    mysql+pymysql://nova:****@c2/nova    |  False   |
+-------+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+----------+

● 启动Nova服务

[root@ct ~]# systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-nova-api.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-nova-api.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-nova-scheduler.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-nova-scheduler.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-nova-conductor.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-nova-conductor.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-nova-novncproxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-nova-novncproxy.service.

若没有部署placement组件，此处会报错

[root@ct ~]# systemctl start openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

● 检查nova服务端口

[root@ct ~]# netstat -tnlup|egrep '8774|8775'
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8775            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      36518/python2       
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8774            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      36518/python2  
[root@ct ~]# curl http://ct:8774
{
    
    "versions": [{
    
    "status": "SUPPORTED", "updated": "2011-01-21T11:33:21Z", "links": [{
    
    "href": "http://c2:8774/v2/", "rel": "self"}], "min_version": "", "version": "", "id": "v2.0"}, {
    
    "status": "CURRENT", "updated": "2013-07-23T11:33:21Z", "links": [{
    
    "href": "http://c2:8774/v2.1/", "rel": "self"}], "min_version": "2.1", "version": "2.79", "id": "v2.1"}]}

计算节点配置Nova服务-c1/c2节点
● 安装nova-compute组件

yum -y install openstack-nova-compute

● 修改配置文件

#节点c1和c2Nova配置文件只有IP不同
cp -a /etc/nova/nova.conf{
    
    ,.bak}
grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/nova/nova.conf.bak > /etc/nova/nova.conf
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT enabled_apis osapi_compute,metadata
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT transport_url rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@ct
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT my_ip 192.168.238.12				
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT use_neutron true
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT firewall_driver nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf api auth_strategy keystone
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://ct:5000/v3
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers ct:11211
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken username nova
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken password NOVA_PASS
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc enabled true
 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc server_listen 0.0.0.0
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc server_proxyclient_address '$my_ip'
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc novncproxy_base_url http://192.168.238.13:6080/vnc_auto.html
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf glance api_servers http://ct:9292
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf oslo_concurrency lock_path /var/lib/nova/tmp
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement region_name RegionOne
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement project_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement project_name service
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement auth_type password
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement user_domain_name Default
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement auth_url http://ct:5000/v3
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement username placement
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement password PLACEMENT_PASS
openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf libvirt virt_type qemu

#配置文件内容如下：
[root@c1 nova]# cat nova.conf

[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@ct
my_ip = 192.168.238.11
use_neutron = true
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver

[api]
auth_strategy = keystone

[api_database]
[barbican]
[cache]
[cinder]
[compute]
[conductor]
[console]
[consoleauth]
[cors]
[database]
[devices]
[ephemeral_storage_encryption]
[filter_scheduler]

[glance]
api_servers = http://ct:9292

[guestfs]
[healthcheck]
[hyperv]
[ironic]
[key_manager]
[keystone]

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_url = http://ct:5000/v3
memcached_servers = ct:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = NOVA_PASS

[libvirt]
virt_type = qemu

[metrics]
[mks]
[neutron]
[notifications]
[osapi_v21]

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

[oslo_messaging_amqp]
[oslo_messaging_kafka]
[oslo_messaging_notifications]
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
[oslo_middleware]
[oslo_policy]
[pci]

[placement]
region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://ct:5000/v3
username = placement
password = PLACEMENT_PASS

[powervm]
[privsep]
[profiler]
[quota]
[rdp]
[remote_debug]
[scheduler]
[serial_console]
[service_user]
[spice]
[upgrade_levels]
[vault]
[vendordata_dynamic_auth]
[vmware]

[vnc]
enabled = true
server_listen = 0.0.0.0
server_proxyclient_address =  $my_ip
novncproxy_base_url = http://192.168.238.13:6080/vnc_auto.html			#比较特殊的地方，需要手动添加IP地址，否则之后搭建成功后，无法通过UI控制台访问到内部虚拟机

[workarounds]
[wsgi]
[xenserver]
[xvp]
[zvm]

● 开启服务

 systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
 systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

ct节点操作
● 查看compute节点是否注册到controller上，通过消息队列；需要在controller节点执行

[root@ct ~]# openstack compute service list --service nova-compute
+----+--------------+------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| ID | Binary       | Host | Zone | Status  | State | Updated At                 |
+----+--------------+------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
|  7 | nova-compute | c1   | nova | enabled | up    | 2021-03-17T11:24:45.000000 |
|  8 | nova-compute | c2   | nova | enabled | up    | 2021-03-17T11:24:40.000000 |
+----+--------------+------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

● 扫描当前openstack中有哪些计算节点可用，发现后会把计算节点创建到cell中，后面就可以在cell中创建虚拟机；相当于openstack内部对计算节点进行分组，把计算节点分配到不同的cell中

[root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose" nova
Found 2 cell mappings.
Getting computes from cell 'cell1': 42a693ed-3169-4f78-9421-50b7744d71b6
Checking host mapping for compute host 'c1': 9c139f88-c986-4f6e-9d76-5610e5468147
Creating host mapping for compute host 'c1': 9c139f88-c986-4f6e-9d76-5610e5468147
Checking host mapping for compute host 'c2': 9c85dabb-bf86-4f84-97df-0253911d1617
Creating host mapping for compute host 'c2': 9c85dabb-bf86-4f84-97df-0253911d1617
Found 2 unmapped computes in cell: 42a693ed-3169-4f78-9421-50b7744d71b6
Skipping cell0 since it does not contain hosts.

● 默认每次添加个计算节点，在控制端就需要执行一次扫描，这样会很麻烦，所以可以修改控制端nova的主配置文件：

[root@ct ~]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
[scheduler]
discover_hosts_in_cells_interval = 300			#每300秒扫描一次

[root@ct ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service

● 验证计算节点服务
#检查 nova 的各个服务是否都是正常，以及 compute 服务是否注册成功

[root@ct ~]# openstack compute service list
+----+----------------+------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| ID | Binary         | Host | Zone     | Status  | State | Updated At                 |
+----+----------------+------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
|  3 | nova-conductor | ct   | internal | enabled | up    | 2021-03-17T11:27:14.000000 |
|  4 | nova-scheduler | ct   | internal | enabled | up    | 2021-03-17T11:27:17.000000 |
|  7 | nova-compute   | c1   | nova     | enabled | up    | 2021-03-17T11:27:15.000000 |
|  8 | nova-compute   | c2   | nova     | enabled | up    | 2021-03-17T11:27:10.000000 |
+----+----------------+------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

查看各个组件的 api 是否正常

[root@ct ~]# openstack catalog list
+-----------+-----------+---------------------------------+
| Name      | Type      | Endpoints                       |
+-----------+-----------+---------------------------------+
| placement | placement | RegionOne                       |
|           |           |   admin: http://ct:8778         |
|           |           | RegionOne                       |
|           |           |   internal: http://ct:8778      |
|           |           | RegionOne                       |
|           |           |   public: http://ct:8778        |
|           |           |                                 |
| keystone  | identity  | RegionOne                       |
|           |           |   internal: http://ct:5000/v3/  |
|           |           | RegionOne                       |
|           |           |   admin: http://ct:5000/v3/     |
|           |           | RegionOne                       |
|           |           |   public: http://ct:5000/v3/    |
|           |           |                                 |
| nova      | compute   | RegionOne                       |
|           |           |   public: http://ct:8774/v2.1   |
|           |           | RegionOne                       |
|           |           |   admin: http://ct:8774/v2.1    |
|           |           | RegionOne                       |
|           |           |   internal: http://ct:8774/v2.1 |
|           |           |                                 |
| glance    | image     | RegionOne                       |
|           |           |   admin: http://ct:9292         |
|           |           | RegionOne                       |
|           |           |   public: http://ct:9292        |
|           |           | RegionOne                       |
|           |           |   internal: http://ct:9292      |
|           |           |                                 |
+-----------+-----------+---------------------------------+

查看是否能够拿到镜像

[root@ct ~]# openstack image list
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| ID                                   | Name   | Status |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| ccfd5775-44a1-4748-95b0-55f4464faf7e | cirros | active |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+

查看cell的api和placement的api是否正常，只要其中一个有误，后期无法创建虚拟机

[root@ct ~]# nova-status upgrade check
+--------------------------------+
| Upgrade Check Results          |
+--------------------------------+
| Check: Cells v2                |
| Result: Success                |
| Details: None                  |
+--------------------------------+
| Check: Placement API           |
| Result: Success                |
| Details: None                  |
+--------------------------------+
| Check: Ironic Flavor Migration |
| Result: Success                |
| Details: None                  |
+--------------------------------+
| Check: Cinder API              |
| Result: Success                |
| Details: None                  |
+--------------------------------+

小结

Nova分为控制节点、计算节点
Nova组件核心功能是调度资源，在配置文件中需要体现的部分：指向认证节点位置(URL、ENDPOINT)、调用服务、注册、提供支持等，配置文件中的所有配置参数基本都是围绕此范围进行设置

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