搜索了下在Windows下C++打印堆栈的相关资料,发现很多都是类似,且方法比较复杂,因此自己封装了一个接口。主要用到了CaptureStackBackTrace,SymFromAddr,SymGetLineFromAddr64这三个接口。CaptureStackBackTrace用于获取当前堆栈,SymFromAddr用于获取符号信息,SymGetLineFromAddr64用于获取文件和行号信息。
header.h
/// @brief 获取当前调用堆栈 /// @details 默认获取堆栈深度为5层。\n /// https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms680578(v=vs.85).aspx \n /// 在MSDN示例代码中获取文件行号信息需要设置SymSetOptions(SYMOPT_LOAD_LINES),\n /// 并强调只有在设置这个参数后才能检索到文件行号信息。\n /// 但本人在测试过程中,未设置该参数,仍然能获取到行号信息,因此在代码中屏蔽了该设置。\n /// 如果需要设置该参数,要注意SymSetOptions并不是线程安全的,要注意同步问题。\n /// 参见 https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms681366(v=vs.85).aspx \n里面说明:\n /// 所有的DbgHelp接口,正如SymSetOptions,是单线程的。因此,多线程调用这个接口,\n /// 将很可能导致预料外的行为或者内存异常。为了避免这个问题,在多线程调用这个接口的时候要进行同步处理。\n /// @warning 需要注意多线程问题。 string TraceStack();
source.cpp
string TraceStack() { static const int MAX_STACK_FRAMES = 5; void *pStack[MAX_STACK_FRAMES]; HANDLE process = GetCurrentProcess(); SymInitialize(process, NULL, TRUE); WORD frames = CaptureStackBackTrace(0, MAX_STACK_FRAMES, pStack, NULL); std::ostringstream oss; oss << "stack traceback: " << std::endl; for (WORD i = 0; i < frames; ++i) { DWORD64 address = (DWORD64)(pStack[i]); DWORD64 displacementSym = 0; char buffer[sizeof(SYMBOL_INFO) + MAX_SYM_NAME * sizeof(TCHAR)]; PSYMBOL_INFO pSymbol = (PSYMBOL_INFO)buffer; pSymbol->SizeOfStruct = sizeof(SYMBOL_INFO); pSymbol->MaxNameLen = MAX_SYM_NAME; DWORD displacementLine = 0; IMAGEHLP_LINE64 line; //SymSetOptions(SYMOPT_LOAD_LINES); line.SizeOfStruct = sizeof(IMAGEHLP_LINE64); if (SymFromAddr(process, address, &displacementSym, pSymbol) && SymGetLineFromAddr64(process, address, &displacementLine, &line)) { oss << "\t" << pSymbol->Name << " at " << line.FileName << ":" << line.LineNumber << "(0x" << std::hex << pSymbol->Address << std::dec << ")" << std::endl; } else { oss << "\terror: " << GetLastError() << std::endl; } } return oss.str(); }
相关资料
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms681366(v=vs.85).aspx
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms681337(v=vs.85).aspx
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms680578(v=vs.85).aspx
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms680686(v=vs.85).aspx
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms681323(v=vs.85).aspx
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22467604/how-can-you-use-capturestackbacktrace-to-capture-the-exception-stack-not-the-ca
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/ddi/content/ntifs/nf-ntifs-rtlcapturestackbacktrace