k8s集群日志收集

                                            k8s集群日志收集

收集哪些日志
K8S系统的组件日志
K8S Cluster里面部署的应用程序日志
日志方案 Filebeat+ELK

Filebeat(日志采集工具)+Logstach(数据处理引擎)+Elasticserch(数据存储、全文检索、分布式搜索引擎)+Kibana（展示数据、绘图、搜索）
k8s集群日志收集

3 容器中的日志怎么收集

收集方案：Pod中附加专用日志收集的容器
优点：低耦合
缺点：每个Pod启动一个日志收集代理，增加资源消耗和运维维护成本

4 部署DaemonSet采取k8s组件日志/var/log/messages

4.1 ELK安装在harbor节点

安装、配置ELK

1)安装openjdk
yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk

2）安装Logstash
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/logstash/7.6/installing-logstash.html

配置网络源
/etc/yum.repos.d/logstash.repo
[logstash-7.x]
name=Elastic repository for 7.x packages
baseurl=https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/7.x/yum
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
enabled=1
autorefresh=1
type=rpm-md

3)安装ELK组件
yum -y install logstash elasticsearch kibana

4)配置组件

修改kibana配置
vi /etc/kibana/kibana.yml

server.port: 5601
server.host: "0.0.0.0"
elasticsearch.hosts: ["http://localhost:9200"]

修改logstash配置

vi /etc/logstash/conf.d/logstash-to-es.conf

input {
beats {
port => 5044
}

}

filter {

}

output {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["http://127.0.0.1:9200"]
index => "k8s-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}" #索引格式
}
stdout { codec => rubydebug }

}

启动服务
systemctl start kibana #启动kibana
systemctl start elasticsearch #启动elasticsearch
/usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/logstash-to-es.conf &

192.168.1.143:5601 #访问kibana

5）创建pod(master节点执行)收集组件日志

kubectl apply -f k8s-logs.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: k8s-logs-filebeat-config
namespace: kube-system

data:
filebeat.yml: |-
filebeat.prospectors:

type: log
paths:
- /messages
  fields:
  app: k8s
  type: module
  fields_under_root: true
output.logstash:
hosts: ['192.168.1.143:5044']

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
name: k8s-logs
namespace: kube-system
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
project: k8s
app: filebeat
template:
metadata:
labels:
project: k8s
app: filebeat
spec:
containers:

name: filebeat
image: docker.elastic.co/beats/filebeat:6.4.2
args: [
"-c", "/etc/filebeat.yml",
"-e",
]
resources:
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 100Mi
limits:
cpu: 500m
memory: 500Mi
securityContext:
runAsUser: 0
volumeMounts:
- name: filebeat-config
  mountPath: /etc/filebeat.yml
  subPath: filebeat.yml
- name: k8s-logs
  mountPath: /messages
  volumes:
name: k8s-logs
hostPath:
path: /var/log/messages
type: File
name: filebeat-config
configMap:

6）kibana添加索引

kibana界面->Index Patterns-》k8s-log-*->@timestamp->Create index pattern->Discover

7）查看日志

k8s集群日志收集

6 收集nginx日志

1）创建名称空间
cat namespace.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
name: test

2）创建pod的configmap（保存filebeat的配置文件）

kubectl apply -f filebeat-nginx-configmap.yaml

cat filebeat-nginx-configmap.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: filebeat-nginx-config
namespace: test

data:
filebeat.yml: |-
filebeat.prospectors:

type: log
paths:
- /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log
  fields: #添加额外字段，表示字段来源和类型，日志收集时做配置
  app: www
  type: nginx-access
  fields_under_root: true #将收集的日志放在kibana界面顶级
type: log
paths:
- /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log
  fields:
  app: www
  type: nginx-error
  fields_under_root: true
output.logstash: #收集的日志数据输出到logstash中
hosts: ['192.168.1.143:5044']

3）创建secret用于保存harbor用户的密码

kubectl create secret docker-registry harborsecret123 --docker-server=192.168.1.143 --docker-username='zhanghai' --docker-password='123@Abcde' -n test

4）修改logstash配置

/usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/logstash-to-es.conf &

cat logstash-to-es.conf
input {
beats {
port => 5044
}
}

filter {
}

output {
if [app] == "www" {
if [type] == "nginx-access" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["http://127.0.0.1:9200"]
index => "nginx-access-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
else if [type] == "nginx-error" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["http://127.0.0.1:9200"]
index => "nginx-error-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
else if [type] == "tomcat-catalina" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["http://127.0.0.1:9200"]
index => "tomcat-catalina-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
else if [app] == "k8s" {
if [type] == "module" {
elasticsearch {
hosts => ["http://127.0.0.1:9200"]
index => "k8s-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
}
}
}
}

5）创建nginx的pod

kubectl apply -f nginx-deployment.yaml

cat nginx-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: php-demo
namespace: test
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
project: www
app: php-demo
template:
metadata:
labels:
project: www
app: php-demo
spec:
imagePullSecrets:

name: harborsecret123
containers:
name: nginx
image: 192.168.1.143/project/php-demo:latest
imagePullPolicy: Always
ports:
- containerPort: 80
  name: web
  protocol: TCP
  resources:
  requests:
  cpu: 0.5
  memory: 256Mi
  limits:
  cpu: 1
  memory: 1Gi
  resources:
  requests:
  cpu: 0.5
  memory: 256Mi
  limits:
  cpu: 1
  memory: 1Gi
  livenessProbe:
  httpGet:
  path: /status.php
  port: 80
  initialDelaySeconds: 6
  timeoutSeconds: 20
  volumeMounts:
- name: nginx-logs
  mountPath: /usr/local/nginx/logs
name: filebeat
image: docker.elastic.co/beats/filebeat:6.4.2
args: [
"-c", "/etc/filebeat.yml",
"-e",
]
resources:
limits:
memory: 500Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 100Mi
securityContext:
runAsUser: 0
volumeMounts:
- name: filebeat-config
  mountPath: /etc/filebeat.yml
  subPath: filebeat.yml
- name: nginx-logs
  mountPath: /usr/local/nginx/logs
  
  volumes:
name: nginx-logs
emptyDir: {}
name: filebeat-config
configMap:
name: filebeat-nginx-config

k8s集群日志收集

5）配置kibana前台

kibana界面->Kibana Index Patterns-》nginx-access-*->@timestamp->Create index pattern->Discover
k8s集群日志收集

k8s集群日志收集

收集tomcat日志

1）创建pod的configmap

cat filebeat-tomcat-configmap.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: filebeat-config
namespace: test

data:
filebeat.yml: |-
filebeat.prospectors:

type: log
paths:
- /usr/local/tomcat/logs/catalina.*
  fields:
  app: www
  type: tomcat-catalina
  fields_under_root: true
  multiline: #多行匹配，已[开头为记录一行日志
  pattern: '^['
  negate: true
  match: after
  output.logstash:
  hosts: ['192.168.1.143:5044']
  
  kubectl apply -f filebeat-tomcat-configmap.yaml

2）创建tomcat的pod

kubectl apply -f tomcat-deployment.yaml
cat tomcat-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: tomcat-java-demo
namespace: test
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
project: www
app: java-demo
template:
metadata:
labels:
project: www
app: java-demo
spec:
imagePullSecrets:

name: harborsecret123
containers:
name: tomcat
image: 192.168.1.143/project/tomcat-java-demo:latest
imagePullPolicy: Always
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
  name: web
  protocol: TCP
  resources:
  requests:
  cpu: 0.5
  memory: 1Gi
  limits:
  cpu: 1
  memory: 2Gi
  livenessProbe:
  httpGet:
  path: /
  port: 8080
  initialDelaySeconds: 60
  timeoutSeconds: 20
  readinessProbe:
  httpGet:
  path: /
  port: 8080
  initialDelaySeconds: 60
  timeoutSeconds: 20
  volumeMounts:
- name: tomcat-logs
  mountPath: /usr/local/tomcat/logs
name: filebeat
image: docker.elastic.co/beats/filebeat:6.4.2
args: [
"-c", "/etc/filebeat.yml",
"-e",
]
resources:
limits:
memory: 500Mi
requests:
cpu: 100m
memory: 100Mi
securityContext:
runAsUser: 0
volumeMounts:
- name: filebeat-config
  mountPath: /etc/filebeat.yml
  subPath: filebeat.yml
- name: tomcat-logs
  mountPath: /usr/local/tomcat/logs
  volumes:
name: tomcat-logs
emptyDir: {}
name: filebeat-config
configMap:
name: filebeat-config

3）配置kibana前台

kibana界面->Kibana Index Patterns-tomcat-catalina-*->@timestamp->Create index pattern->Discover

k8s集群日志收集

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