1.直线图
import numpy as np from matplotlib import pyplot as plt x = np.arange(1,11) y = 2 * x + 5 plt.title("Matplotlib demo") plt.xlabel("x axis caption") plt.ylabel("y axis caption") plt.plot(x,y) plt.grid(True) plt.show()
plt.grid设置网格线
2.散点图
plt.scatter(x,y,marker='o',color='r')
color 颜色参数 b(blue) g(grenn) r(red) c(cyan) m(magenta) y(yellow) k(boack) w(white)
marker 点的图形样式
3.柱状图
plt.bar(x, y, color='green',width=0.8)
width柱子的宽度
plt.barh(x,y)垂直的柱状图
4.饼图
plt.pie([5,6,7], labels=['a','b','c'],autopct='%0.f%%',shadow=True)
5.多图形式
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np # Plot circle of radius 3. an = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 100) fig, axs = plt.subplots(2, 2) axs[0, 0].plot(3 * np.cos(an), 3 * np.sin(an)) axs[0, 0].set_title('not equal, looks like ellipse', fontsize=10) axs[0, 1].plot(3 * np.cos(an), 3 * np.sin(an)) axs[0, 1].axis('equal') axs[0, 1].set_title('equal, looks like circle', fontsize=10) axs[1, 0].plot(3 * np.cos(an), 3 * np.sin(an)) axs[1, 0].axis('equal') axs[1, 0].set(xlim=(-3, 3), ylim=(-3, 3)) axs[1, 0].set_title('still a circle, even after changing limits', fontsize=10) axs[1, 1].plot(3 * np.cos(an), 3 * np.sin(an)) axs[1, 1].set_aspect('equal', 'box') axs[1, 1].set_title('still a circle, auto-adjusted data limits', fontsize=10) fig.tight_layout() plt.show()
按比例切分
import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # 计算正弦和余弦曲线上的点的 x 和 y 坐标 x = np.arange(0, 3 * np.pi, 0.1) y_sin = np.sin(x) y_cos = np.cos(x) # 建立 subplot 网格，高为 2，宽为 1 # 激活第一个 subplot plt.subplot(2, 1, 1) # 绘制第一个图像 plt.plot(x, y_sin) plt.title('Sine') # 将第二个 subplot 激活，并绘制第二个图像 plt.subplot(2, 1, 2) plt.plot(x, y_cos) plt.title('Cosine') # 展示图像 plt.show()
6.画函数
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np import matplotlib.mathtext as mathtext import matplotlib matplotlib.rc('image', origin='upper') parser = mathtext.MathTextParser("Bitmap") parser.to_png('test3.png',r'$ \alpha_1 \beta_j \pi \lambda \omega $',color='green', fontsize=30, dpi=100) img = plt.imread('test3.png') plt.imshow(img) plt.show()