Huawei --RIP dynamic routing theory + practical operation (the principle of dynamic routing, RIP routing works, V1 and V2 version difference, rip metric, Huawei rip practical operation command and summary)

Foreword

• Dynamic routing means that the router can automatically create their own routing table, and can be adjusted in a timely manner in accordance with the actual situations change
• Dynamic routing is a concept opposed to static routing, the router refers to the own routing table can be established automatically in accordance with certain routing information exchange between routers, and can be automatically adjusted according to changes in a timely manner to links and nodes. When the link between the node or network fails, or the presence of other available routes, dynamic routing can choose the best available route itself and continues to forward packets.

One: the principle of dynamic routing rip

1.1: Dynamic Routing Overview

• Advantages: reduced administrative tasks

  Disadvantages: take up network bandwidth

• Dynamic routing metric

  Path metric is used to measure the merits of the argument

  Hops: a router is a hop count as small as possible.

  Bandwidth: the data transmission capability is used to identify the signal transmission by the amount of the data link, the display of the display capability identifier identifying unit time.

  Load: the amount of data transmission bearer.

  Delay: refers to the time a packet or a packet transmitted from one end to the other end of the network the desired

  Reliability: the stability and efficiency of data transmission.

  Cost: The higher the bandwidth, the lower the path cost. ,

1.2: dynamic routing protocol classification

• Distance vector routing protocol, based on the number of routers from a source network to a target network through which the routing

  RIP,IGRP

• Link state routing protocol, considering the respective paths from a source network to a target network routing case

  OSPF , IS-IS

1.3: rip routing protocol works

1.3.1: rip formed Basic Concepts

• 1. updated regularly: every once in a while will detect changes inside the segment

  2. Neighbor: Neighbor discovery mechanism. It is transmitted through the transmission neighbors.

  Broadcast Update: RIP v1 broadcasts the updated version.

  4. The full routing table updates: look at the routing table, which updates the difference which put up

  

  

  [Image dump the chain fails, the source station may have security chain mechanism, it is recommended to save the picture down uploaded directly (img-O6ibM4Uk-1576728582607) (D: \ Typora \ theme \ 1576727131505.png)]

1.3.2: rip measure and update time

• 1.RIP metric of hops: Maximum hops 15 hops 16 hops is unreachable.

  2.RIP Updated: transmitting routing update messages every 30s, UDP520 port

  3.RIP route update message: transmitting entire routing table information

1.3.3: Split Horizon

• Learning from one interface to the routing information is no longer sent from this interface.

  While also reducing the link bandwidth resource occupied by routing update information

  Perform split horizon prevents routing loops may occur

1.3.4: ripv1 and the difference between v2

1.3.5: rip compatibility mode

• Compatibility mode by default run rip v1 version
• rip does not start, the routing table only a few direct routes, in order to obtain rip route from neighbors, will launch a request to broadcast or multicast request packet to the neighbor
• After the neighbor receives, sends response reply message packet includes routing information table
• After the router receives the response packet, according to the principle of routing updates rip routing table updates
• After not after 30 seconds, the router will send a response message to keep neighbor relations

II: Experimental Verification

2.1: experimental environment

• eNSP software
• Three routers

2.2: Experiment topology

• 

2.3: experiment

2.3.1: R1 arrangement

• <R1>dis cu	'//所有配置的命令都在此'
  [V200R003C00]
  #
   sysname R1
  #
  ...省略内容
  #
  interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
   ip address 12.0.0.1 255.255.255.252 
  #
  ...省略内容
  #
  interface LoopBack0
   ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 
  #
  rip 1
   undo summary
   version 1
   network 1.0.0.0
   network 12.0.0.0
  #
  ...省略内容
  

2.3.2: R2 Configuration

• [V200R003C00]
  #
   sysname R2
  #
  ...省略内容
  #
  interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
   ip address 12.0.0.2 255.255.255.252 
  #
  interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
   ip address 23.0.0.1 255.255.255.252 
  #
  ...省略内容
  #
  interface LoopBack0
   ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0 
  #
  rip 1
   undo summary
   network 12.0.0.0
   network 23.0.0.0
   network 2.0.0.0
  #
  ...省略内容
  

2.3.3: R3 Configuration

• <R3>dis cu
  [V200R003C00]
  #
   sysname R3
  #
  ...省略内容
  #
  interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
  #
  interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
   ip address 23.0.0.2 255.255.255.252 
   rip version 1	'//将收到的数据包转化为V1'
  #
  ...省略内容
  #
  interface LoopBack0
   ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0 
  #
  rip 1
   undo summary
   version 2
   network 23.0.0.0
   network 3.0.0.0
  #
  ...省略内容
  

2.3.4: Experimental Verification

• 
• 
• At this point you can see the three routers in the routing table by dis ip routing-table command

2.4: Experimental summary

Huawei rip routing mode

• V1, V2 and compatibility mode

Compatibility Mode Overview

• Compatibility mode can accept routing information of rip V1 and rip V2
• Compatibility mode can only send routing information of rip V1

Problem-solving compatibility mode can not accept V2 routing information

• In two ways - first

  1.在兼容模式的路由接口，配置将数据转化成V2
  interface g0/0/1
   rip version 2 multicast 
   RIP协议中，UDP最大支持25条路由条目
  

• In two ways - the second

  在rip V2路由接口配置，将信息转化成V1
  interface g0/0/1
   rip version 1