chapter02 - 03 jobs
1, respectively, with the cat \ tac \ nl three command to view the contents of the file / etc / ssh / sshd_config file, and use your own words the difference between the total of these three documents operation command?
View the entire contents of the file: cat
tac: reverse displays the entire contents of the file
nl: Display blank lines except line number
2, respectively, view the contents of / etc / ssh / sshd_config inside with more and less, please use the same summary and differences between more and less two commands?
Same: Full page display file contents, you can flip
Different: more can page down, less not only can be paged can also find the file contents
3, the first 20-line redirection save / etc / passwd file to / renamed 20_pass.txt the root, save the / etc / passwd file redirected to 15 rows / renamed as the root: pass_15.txt
[root@localhost ~]# head -20 /etc/passwd > /root/20_pass.txt
[root@localhost ~]# cat /root/20_pass.txt | wc -l
20
[root@localhost ~]# tail -15 /etc/passwd > /root/pass_15.txt
[root@localhost ~]# cat /root/pass_15.txt | wc -l
15
4, please use a statistical command / etc / hosts file contains the number of firms? How many bytes? How many words count?
[root@localhost ~]# wc -l /etc/hosts
2 /etc/hosts
[root@localhost ~]# du -s /etc/hosts
4 /etc/hosts
[root@localhost ~]# wc -w /etc/hosts
10 /etc/hosts
5, practice using grep and egrep
5.1. Filter through a pipe grep tool ifconfig command displays the IP field information?
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig | grep "inet*"
inet 192.168.100.121 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255
inet6 fe80::41f3:baac:619d:ba29 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
5.2. Save the / etc / passwd file in the first 20 rows redirected to the / root under the name pass?
[root@localhost ~]# head -20 /etc/passwd > /root/pass
[root@localhost ~]# wc -l /root/pass
20 /root/pass
5.3. Filter / etc / passwd file contains a number of statistics rows and / sbin / nologin line?
[root@localhost ~]# grep "/sbin/nologin" /etc/passwd | wc -l
36
5.4 Filter / etc / passwd file ending in sh lines, and lines beginning with root, do not show the line containing the login?
[root@localhost ~]# grep "sh$" /etc/passwd | grep "^root" | grep -v "login"
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
5.5 were filtered with grep and egrep the / etc / ssh / sshd_config file does not contain the beginning of the '#' and blank lines?
[root@localhost ~]# grep -v "^#" /etc/ssh/ssh_config | grep -v "^$"
Host *
GSSAPIAuthentication yes
ForwardX11Trusted yes
SendEnv LANG LC_CTYPE LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME LC_COLLATE LC_MONETARY LC_MESSAGES
SendEnv LC_PAPER LC_NAME LC_ADDRESS LC_TELEPHONE LC_MEASUREMENT
SendEnv LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_ALL LANGUAGE
SendEnv XMODIFIERS
root@localhost ~]# egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/ssh/sshd_config
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key
SyslogFacility AUTHPRIV
AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys
PasswordAuthentication yes
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
GSSAPIAuthentication yes
GSSAPICleanupCredentials no
UsePAM yes
X11Forwarding yes
AcceptEnv LANG LC_CTYPE LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME LC_COLLATE LC_MONETARY LC_MESSAGES
AcceptEnv LC_PAPER LC_NAME LC_ADDRESS LC_TELEPHONE LC_MEASUREMENT
AcceptEnv LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_ALL LANGUAGE
AcceptEnv XMODIFIERS
Subsystem sftp /usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server
6.1 by tar command to / etc / passwd file packaged as a compressed /root/file.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar -czf /root/file.tar.gz /etc/passwd
tar: Removing leading names from members of the "/"
[root@localhost ~]# ls /root/
20_pass.txt anaconda-ks.cfg file.tar.gz initial-setup-ks.cfg pass pass_15.txt z public document template download music video pictures Desktop
6.2 by tar command / etc / passwd file packaged as a compressed /root/file.tar.bz2
[root@localhost ~]# tar -cjf /root/file.tar.bz2 /etc/passwd
tar: Removing leading names from members of the "/"
[root@localhost ~]# ls /root/
20_pass.txt anaconda-ks.cfg file.tar.bz2 file.tar.gz initial-setup-ks.cfg pass pass_15.txt z public document template download music video pictures Desktop
6.3 create an empty folder / web / test1, and file.tar.bz2 unpacked and release to the next / web / test1 directory?
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -pv /web/test1
mkdir: directory has been created "/ web / test1"
[root@localhost ~]# tar -xf /root/file.tar.bz2 -C /web/test1/
[root@localhost ~]# ls /web/test1/
etc
7.1 by the vi editor / web / test1 / passwd file will replace all benet file to root words.
[root@localhost ~]#vi /web/test1/etc/passwd
:% s/root/benet/g
:wq
7.2 Edit Delete files pass through the first line 1,5,10 vi.
[root@localhost ~]#vi /root/pass
: Not set
dd1
F5
DD10
:wq
7.3 shows a file copy pass line numbers 234 attached to the lower rows beginning with the row in vi lp.
[root@localhost ~]#vi /root/pass
: Not set
3yy
P
:wq
7.4 vi editing by the lookup file contains mail var string like, and the recording line number.
[root@localhost ~]#vi /root/pass
: Not set
/ Mail was
7.5 the second row vi editor to quickly jump to the file, read the contents of / etc / hosts file to the second row by r.
[root@localhost ~]#vi /root/pass
: Not set
2G
:r /etc/hosts
7.6 The changed files using vim Save as / root / new_pass.
:w /root/new_pass
7.7 The new_pass gz file compressed into a file format and renamed npass.gz.
[root@localhost ~]# gzip /root/new_pass
[root@localhost ~]# mv /root/new_pass.gz /root/npass.gz
[root@localhost ~]# ls /root/npass.gz
/root/npass.gz
The number of files in the 8 statistics / dev directory.
[root@localhost ~]# ls -l /dev | wc -l
158
9.1 Find filename begins with vmlinuz files in the / boot?
[root@localhost ~]# find /boot -name "vmlinuz*"
/boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
/boot/vmlinuz-0-rescue-6c0f6e59a17540769f4a75871c16d348
9.2 Find File size is greater than 3M less than 20M in the / boot
[root@localhost ~]# find /boot -size +3M -a -size -20M
/boot/System.map-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
/boot/vmlinuz-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
/boot/vmlinuz-0-rescue-6c0f6e59a17540769f4a75871c16d348
/boot/initrd-plymouth.img
10 Follow the steps to build a local yum repository of detailed write? And in command after each line cook Chinese comments in your own words?
umount / media / // unload the disc / media / mounted under the
ls / media /
mount / dev / sr0 / media / // will mount the first CD under / media / directory
ls / media /
cd /etc/yum.r*
mkdir a/
mv C* a/
Create a local yum repository document
we ./local.repo
[Cdrom] // names warehouse
name=cdrom
baseurl = file: /// media // specified location rpm package
enabled = 1 // enable local yum repository
Disable gpgcheck = 0 // check gpg
----------------
Clear Cache yum
yum -y clean all
Reconstruction yum cache
yum makecache
11, with the yum command to install vsftpd, queries installation, and finally unload vsftpd, and query offload situation again?
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q vsftpd
Vsftpd package is not installed
[root@localhost ~]# umount /dev/sr0
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /media/
mount: / dev / sr0 write protection, will be mounted read-only
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mkdir a
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mv C* a
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi cdrom.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Is cleaning up the software source: cdrom
Cleaning up everything
Maybe you want: rm -rf /var/cache/yum, to also free up space taken by orphaned data from disabled or removed repos
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
cdrom | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
(1/4): cdrom/group_gz | 156 kB 00:00:00
(2/4): cdrom/filelists_db | 6.7 MB 00:00:00
(3/4): cdrom/primary_db | 5.7 MB 00:00:00
(4/4): cdrom/other_db | 2.5 MB 00:00:00
Determining fastest mirrors
Metadata cache has been established
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install vsftpd
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q vsftpd
vsftpd-3.0.2-22.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove vsftpd
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q vsftpd
Vsftpd package is not installed
12, with the rpm command to install vsftpd, queries installation, and finally unload vsftpd, and query offload situation again?
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q vsftpd
Vsftpd package is not installed
[root@localhost ~]# cd /media/Packages/
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -iv vsftpd-3.0.2-22.el7.x86_64.rpm
Warning: vsftpd-3.0.2-22.el7.x86_64.rpm: header V3 RSA / SHA256 Signature, Key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Packages in preparation ...
vsftpd-3.0.2-22.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -q vsftpd
vsftpd-3.0.2-22.el7.x86_64
13, by way of unpacking by source, arranged, compiling, the step of mounting four source software install httpd-2.2.17.tar.gz? And tested?
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.17]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make
The installation process will be omitted
[root@localhost ~]# tar -xf httpd-2.2.17.tar.gz -C /usr/src
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/httpd-2.2.17/
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.17]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/apache
Mentioned here
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.17]#make
Mentioned here
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.17]#make install
Mentioned here
[root@localhost httpd-2.2.17]# cd /usr/local/apache/conf/
[root@localhost conf]# cp httpd.conf httpd.conf.bak
[root@localhost conf]# vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
Content: 97 to remove the line number #
[root@localhost conf]#yum –y install lynx
Mentioned here
[root@localhost conf]#lynx 127.0.0.1