Software engineering - Second Job

Original link: http://www.cnblogs.com/martinzhang98/p/10696694.html

1. selection and installation of development tools

Since we have not yet finally decided to follow-up development projects which use specific programming language, so the decision to install Microsoft Visual Studio 2017 Community Edition and Eclipse IDE two development tools, one for C ++ / C # and Java development.

1.1 Visual Studio 2017

Visual Studio is the most I write C, C ++, C #, Python main use development tools, so my computer has been the development tools installed.

It runs in a state as shown in FIG.

Eclipse 1.2 IDE

Eclipse installation is more complicated, divided into the following steps

• Install Java SE Development Kit
  
• Install Java SE Runtime Environment
  
• Configuring the system environment variables
  • Editing system environment variable Path
    
  • New system environment variables CLASSPATH
    
• Check the Java environment installation and configuration.
  
• Install Eclipse IDE
  
• Start Eclipse IDE
  

2. Automatic Test Unit

As the last step to configure the two development environments, so we were C # and Java unit testing in both development environments.

2.1 C # unit test

In Visual Studio 2017 version, the original no longer exists VSTS tools. There are three test methods can be used.

• Microsoft Azure DevOps provide testing tools
• Visual Studio 2017 comes with testing tools MSTest
• Visual Studio NUnit test plug-in 2017

我们在这里选择Visual Studio自带的测试工具MSTest进行测试。

首先编写用于测试的类库User

namespace UnitTest2
{
    public class User
    {
        public User(string userEmail)
        {
            m_email = userEmail;
        }
        private string m_email; //user email as user id
    }
}

然后创建单元测试

得到下面的自动生成但是还不能直接运行的测试类

namespace UnitTest2.Tests
{
    [TestClass()]
    public class UserTests
    {
        [TestMethod()]
        public void UserTest()
        {
            Assert.Fail();
        }
    }
}

修改后得到最终的测试类

namespace UnitTest2.Tests
{
    [TestClass()]
    public class UserTests
    {
        [TestMethod()]
        public void UserTest()
        {
            string userEmail = "[email protected]";
            User target = new User(userEmail);
            Assert.IsTrue(target != null);
        }
    }
}

运行测试后得到如图的结果

添加更多的测试，将测试类更改为

namespace UnitTest2.Tests
{
    [TestClass()]
    public class UserTests
    {
        [TestMethod()]
        public void UserTest()
        {
            string userEmail = "[email protected]";
            User target = new User(userEmail);
            Assert.IsTrue(target != null);
        }

        [TestMethod()]
        [ExpectedException(typeof(ArgumentException))]
        public void UserTestEmpty()
        {
            User target = new User("");
        }

        [TestMethod()]
        [ExpectedException(typeof(ArgumentException))]
        public void UserTestBlank()
        {
            User target = new User("     ");
        }
    }
}

并将User类更改为

namespace UnitTest2
{
    public class User
    {
        public User(string userEmail)
        {
            m_email = userEmail;
            if (!m_email.Contains("@"))
            {
                throw new ArgumentException();
            }
        }
        private string m_email; //user email as user id
    }
}

运行测试，可得到如图的测试结果

然后我们尝试查看代码覆盖率结果，得到为空结果，如下图所示。

这个结果明显是异常的，通过查阅Microsoft官方的Visual Studio文档，我们找到了这样的表述

要求
代码覆盖率功能仅在 Visual Studio Enterprise 版本中可用。

可以看出只有企业版的Visual Studio才支持使用代码覆盖率这一功能，所以我们所使用的社区版得到了空的结果。

2.2 Java单元测试

在Eclipse IDE环境中，我们可以使用JUnit工具来进行单元测试。

首先从JUnit的Github页面下载JUnit的jar文件，并将其导入到Eclipse IDE的环境中。

然后编写用来测试的Java类

public class Calculate 
{
    public int add(int a, int b) {
        return a + b;
    }

    public int substract(int a, int b) {
        return a - b;
    }

    public int multiply(int a, int b) {
        return a * b;
    }

    public int divide(int a, int b) {
        // 这里只是最简单的测试demo，暂不做容错处理
        return a / b;
    }
}

2.2.1 手动编写测试类

编写测试类

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import org.junit.Test;
import Coding.Calculate;

public class CalculateTest {
    @Test
    public void add()
    {
        assertEquals(8, new Calculate().add(3, 5));
    }
}

运行测试类，得到如下图的结果

2.2.2 自动生成测试类

在被测试类Calculate上单击右键，新建一个其他(Other…)项目

搜索JUnit并新建一个JUnit Test Case

将其存放在UnitTest/test目录下，并命名为CalculateAutoTest

选择要测试的方法

得到自动生成的测试方法

此时自动生成的测试方法还未编写具体实现，因此无法直接运行，我们将其做如下修改

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import org.junit.Test;

public class CalculateAutoTest {

    @Test
    public void testAdd() {
        assertEquals(8, new Calculate().add(3, 5));
        //fail("Not yet implemented");
    }

    @Test
    public void testSubstract() {
        assertEquals(5, new Calculate().substract(6, 1));
        //fail("Not yet implemented");
    }

    @Test
    public void testMultiply() {
        assertEquals(16, new Calculate().multiply(2, 8));
        //fail("Not yet implemented");
    }

    @Test
    public void testDivide() {
        assertEquals(9, new Calculate().divide(63, 7));
        //fail("Not yet implemented");
    }

}

然后再次执行测试，得到如下图所示的结果

Reproduced in: https: //www.cnblogs.com/martinzhang98/p/10696694.html