Some friends will definitely be curious: This is the age ofWindows 11, why do we still need to learn to install itWindows XP operating system?
Although our ordinary users basically use Windows10 orWindows11, but you will find that many companies and departments include someSpecial occasions use Windows XP system, and only XPXP a>. If you guys want to work in the network security industry in the future, you must understand the XP system.
Today I will give you a detailed introduction on how to install VMware virtualization softwareWindows XP a> virtual machine, the steps are as follows:
1. Create a local folder in advance to store all the virtual machines to be installed, and then create a winxp folder to store the Windows XP virtual machine to be installed. If you want to install virtual machines with other operating systems in the future, you can also rename the folders with the operating system abbreviation, so that there is one folder for each virtual machine, which is also easier to manage. (Note: After the virtual machine is installed and used in the future, the memory space occupied will become larger and larger, so it is recommended that the installation folder of the virtual machine be as large as possiblePlace it on a drive letter with a larger space other than C drive）
2. Open the VMware software and click Create a new virtual machine.
3. This page is forselect configuration type. Just remember one principle here:When installing Microsoft series operating systems (such as winxp/2003/2008/7/10 and other Microsoft systems), always select Typical；Select all Linux systems Custom (Advanced); We are installing Windows XP, so select Typical, and then click Next a>.
4. This page is toselect the source of the virtual machine operating system, the first one is Installation CD, that is, if we want to install the XP system, we have to spend money to buy a CD of the XP system burned by someone else from an outside computer store, buy it back and insert it into the computer for virtualization Machine identification is too expensive, so we definitely won’t choose it; the second option is to download an XP system CD image file from the Internet, with the suffix .iso, in fact, the CD we bought from the store was an image file that the shop owner downloaded from Microsoft's official website and then burned it into a CD. In other words, we can use the image file directly instead of using the CD, but here we stillWe cannot choose the second option because once chosen, we will be prompted to enter the serial number., if there is no serial number, there is no way to clickNext step; we do not have a serial number, so we have to click the third option: < /span>, remember this in the future,Install the operating system laterWhether we are installing Windows or Linux, we always choose here Install the operating system later, the next point is down the first step.
5. This page is to select the operating system type. What we want to install isWindows XP. First, check the box above. Special attention should be paid to the version selection. Click on the version drop-down list and you will find that there are three XP systems inside. The first is the home version, which is too low and we don’t want it; the second is the XP 64-bit system, and the third is the XP system. Without numbers, it means 32-bit. There are many differences between 32-bit systems and 64-bit systems. To put it in the most straightforward way,Microsoft Windows(W)The maximum memory that a computer with a 32-bit system can recognize is less than 4G., and the computers we buy now generally have a minimum running memory of 8G, and larger ones have 64G, so the computers we buy now must have 64-bit operating systems. Back to the choice of XP system, we have to choose the third 32-bit one, which is Windows XP Professional, because the Chinese version of XP system does not have 64-bit version. All are 32 bits.
6. After selecting the system and version, click Next.
7. This page isGive the virtual machine a name and specify the installation location, you can name it as you like, it is displayed on the left side of the VMware software as the label of the virtual machine, here it starts with winxp. Do not use the default C drive path for the installation location., be sure to change it to the folder previously created on other disks specifically for storing virtual machines. After all changes are made, clickNext.
8. Maximum disk sizeJust use the default 40G without changing it., of course, the XP virtual machine will not use so much disk space after it is installed. It is usually about 2G. Here is justDemarcate the maximum usable disk space for the virtual machineIt's just . How much local disk memory is occupied is the amount actually used. Of course, if the set maximum 40G is exceeded, nothing can be installed in the XP virtual machine. Then we need to check Save the virtual disk as a single file (O) so that Easy to manage and migrate. Because virtual machines will generate disk fragments during use, if multiple files are stored, they will be placed in multiple files. If a single file is stored, the disk fragments we will generate in the future, including all data placed by individuals in the virtual machine, will be in one file. So always select Single file here, and then click Next.
9. Point Complete.
10. As you can see in the picture belowThe name of the virtual machine label and the hardware just configured, the virtual machine memory is set to 512MB by default, it is recommendedNo changes, it will be enough for future security experiments. If the virtual machine has too much memory, the real machine will freeze. If some friends’ computers have 4G of running memory, the memory value can be changed to a smaller value.At least 384MB. The processor default is 1, which means that when the XP virtual machine is turned on later, it will occupy 1 core of the real machine, which is completely sufficient for the virtual machine and does not need to be changed.
11. You can see that there are sound cards, printers, etc. in the hardware configuration. These are not used for our experiments and can be deleted. mouseClick on any of the hardware names, such as memory, processor, etc., you can come to the Virtual Machine Settings page, as shown below.
12. Here we delete sound card and printer For two pieces of hardware, the way to delete them is toselect the name of the hardware to be deleted and click Remove, you can delete it.
13. After deleting the infrequently used hardware, we are not finished yet. So far, we have only bought a computer. We have all the necessary hardware, but the operating system Not yet,The operating system needs to be installed.漠标位击CD/DVD(IDE)，也论了Select optical drive, there are two options on the right. The first is using a physical drive, which isreal disc, we don’t have it; so we need to check the second one Use ISO image file (M), that is, CD prototype file。
14. Where is the image file? It can be downloaded from the Internet. If you want to download it yourself, you can read the blogger's previous blog [Website for downloading Windows operating system images] for free download. . The blogger has already downloaded it locally,If you have any friends who need to get it, you can leave a message in the comment area.. Here I directly click Browse to find the path where the image file is stored.
15. After finding the path where the image file is located,Select the file with the mouse，Point Strike open.
16. Click OK, which is equivalent to inserting the operating system CD into this virtual machine.
17. The next step is toturn on the virtual machine and read the XP operating system image file, that is, read the CD,Officially entering the stage of installing the operating system on the virtual machine. There are two ways to boot a virtual machine: one isClick the green triangle button above the virtual machine;The other isClick Start this virtual machine; Just choose one of the two.
18. After clicking Start, you will enter the installation page. Wait a moment and you will see the following interface. We need toClick the mouse into the virtual machine page first，Arrange afterward Enter Key. This is because XP is an early system, so itdoes not supportmouse operations at the beginning of the installation.Only through keyboard keys. So why do we need to click the mouse into the virtual machine? Because if the mouse is on the local computer screen, pressing the Enter key will operate on the local computer, not the virtual machine. If you want the mouse to return to the real machine, press the keyboard's Ctrl+Alt keys at the same time.
19. This is the Microsoft License Agreement. Press the F8 key on your keyboard.Agree, we need to press the F8 key to enter the next step, and no other keys can be pressed.
20. Does this interface prompt us to install the operating system directly on the 40G disk? It is better to divide the 40G space into areas first and then install it in the designated area.Not recommended for direct installation, if installed directly, the virtual machine will have only one large C drive after opening, just like the computer we bought has only one drive letter, and all data and operating system are on one drive, that will definitely not work. So we need to press the C key of the keyboard in this interface, Partition the disk first。
21. Here is how much memory space we need to allocate to the operating system disk of the virtual machine. The XP system usually occupies 2G of memory after installation. We will allocate 10G of memory. Click on it with the mouse and press the keyboard to The number is changed to10240 MB.
22. After changing the disk memory number, press Enter key.
23. You can see that the C drive is already there, but there are still 30 G under it that have not been divided. There is no need to divide it now. After the system is installed, I will introduce how to divide the disk space in the computer. Next, go back to the first sentence on the interface: Install Windows XP on the selected item. Be careful not to make the wrong selection here. Press and hold the up and down arrow keys on the keyboard to switch the selected position up or down.Be sure to select drive C，Next orderturning key，Install the operating system into the C drive。
24. The next interface is the formatting option, which has two types: NTFS and FAT,NTFS is the latest type, FAT is an early type. soIt is recommended that you choose NTFS, there are also two options in NTFS: one with fast characters, and one without.Low-level formatting without fast characters is used for computer hard drives that are too old., there are a lot of disk fragments, and even the disk has bad tracks, which is damage. Using low-level formatting can help the computer mark the damaged area of the disk, so that the damaged area will be avoided if the file is stored next time. butLow-level formatting is damaging to the disk, this is one of them. SecondLow-level formatting is extremely slow, it will take at least half an hour to format a 40G disk. Therefore, it is recommended that you choose the first one: Format the disk partition with NTFS file system (quick) . You can use the up and down arrow keys of the keyboard to switch the selection, and then press Press theEnter key.
25. Next enter the format page, and the format will be successful in a few seconds.
26. This interface isCopy the operating system from the image file to the C drive of the virtual machine, this process takes about one or two minutes.
27. After copying, the system will count down to restart, just wait for the restart. You can also put the mouse in it and press the Enter key to restart directly.
28. Next enter the boot interface of the Windows XP system.
29. Immediately enter the installation interface of Windows XP. Although it shows 39 minutes here, the installation is usually completed in more than ten minutes. This time drops very quickly.
30. Here is to select the region and language, keep the default, and click Next directly.
31. Write your name and unit as you like here, and click Next after writing.
32. Enter the product serial number and click Next.
33. Setcomputer name, andadmin password and click Next. It should be noted that The computer name is very important and it is not recommended to enter it casually.. In a local area network, each computer must have an IP. IP is just the numerical name of the computer. The computer also has an English name, also calledComputer name, this must also be unique. If two computers in the same LAN have the same name, conflicts will occur once they are connected to the Internet. The simpler the name, the better. You should be able to remember it. In the actual work of the company, this computer name will be used frequently.
34. Click here directly Next.
35. Just click Next.
36. Click Next directly.
37. Installation is in progress.
38. After the installation is complete, the adjustment resolution window will pop up later, which means adjusting the screen resolution to adaptive size. There will be two pop-up reminders, click to confirm. That’s it.
39. After the system is installed, you will enter the computer settings page, as shown below, click Next.
40. Check Do not enable it now, meaningDisable automatic system updates, the next point is down the first step.
41. Keep the default and click Next.
42. point not, after point down one step .
43. On a virtual machineCreate user, just write one, then click Next.
44. Click Finish, and the virtual machine of the Windows XP operating system is officially configured successfully.
45. You can see the Windows XP page as shown below.
46. We will find that the resolution of the virtual machine interface is very small, and we need to find a way to make it as large as the VMware software interface. In fact, this happens becauseThe driver has not been installed for the virtual machine yet., just like the computer we buy does not have a sound card driver installed, the computer cannot produce sound, and the resolution cannot be adjusted without a graphics card driver installed. The driver is like a matchmaker, responsible for helping the computer identify the existence of all hardware and calling these hardware. How to install the driver for the virtual machine? In fact, the virtual machine and our real machine share a common set of drivers. You only need to copy the driver of the real machine to the virtual machine. Click Virtual Machine (M) in the VMware software menu bar, and click to install VMware in the pop-up drop-down list Tools(T), in fact, installingVMware Tools is to install the driver for the virtual machine.
47. Begin preparing to install VMware Tools.
48. Point Downward step.
49. Leave the defaults unchanged and click Next.
50. Point Anso.
51. Installation in progress.
52. Point Complete.
53. A pop-up window will prompt you to restart before the modification can take effect. Click Yes, Restart the virtual machine。
54. At this time, you can see that the resolution of the virtual machine has completely increased, and it follows the adaptive size of the VMware software window, which is very beautiful. In addition, after installing VMware Tools, The data in the real machine can be copied to the virtual machine, and the data in the virtual machine can also be copied to the real machine.。
55. Next, make some simple settings for this virtual machine. First,Bring up shortcuts to commonly used desktop icons. Right-click the desktop and click Properties in the pop-up drop-down list.
56. First point 桌面、Repoint 击 self-determined 义桌面.
57. Check frequently used desktop icon shortcuts and click OK.
58. Repoint confirmed.
59. You can see the desktop shortcut icon.
60. Then partition the remaining 30G disk space in the virtual machine. You can first click on the desktopMy Computer and come in to take a look. , currently there is only one C drive, as shown below.
61. Return to the desktop, right-clickMy Computer, and click in the pop-up drop-down list Management(G).
62. Click Disk Management to see the specific disk information on the right. The bottom CD-ROM is usCopied image file, has now become a CD in the virtual machine; the C drive above is 10G in size, and the right side is 30G unassigned space, that isunallocated space。
63. Right click30G unassigned area, click New Disk Partition (N) in the pop-up drop-down list.
64. Point Downward step.
65. CheckPrimary Disk Partition, the default is checked, keep the default, click Next step.
66. Given the disk memory size, here is the remaining 30G, which means keeping the default, click Next.
67. Here is the specified drive letter name. Here comes the problem: the default is E. After clicking it, I found that it also starts from E. It was not only the C drive just now, shouldn't it be the D drive next? Why is there no D? Because D is occupied by the disc below, if you don't mind the name, just choose E here. But what if someone with obsessive-compulsive disorder, such as a blogger, wants to use D? First click Cancel on the new disk interface to cancel this new creation.
68. We can first change the D of the CD to E, and the name D will be released, and then we can use the name D when creating a new disk. Right-click the disc and click Change drive name and path in the pop-up drop-down list.
69. point renewal.
70. Click the drop-down list and selectE.
71. After making your selection, click OK.
72. 在弹窗中Point击is.
73. Now you can see that the CD drive letter has been changed to E, then right-click on the 30G unassigned area to continue creating a disk partition. The steps are the same as above, until you reach the drive letter selection interface, you can see the D symbol Already displayed, keep the default selection D and click Next.
74. The file system remains the default NTFS, and the lower right corner must be checkedPerform quick format (P), otherwise it will be very difficult. It will take a long time to complete the formatting. After checking, click Next.
75. Point Complete.
76. After formatting for a moment, you will see the following picture later. The disk partition is created and the displayin good condition。
77. Go back to the desktop and click My Computer. After opening, you can see local disks C, D, and CD E. .
78. Finally, take a snapshot of this virtual machine. Snapshot meansTake a photo of this virtual machine in its best state, in the future we will often use some viruses or Trojans in attack and defense experiments, which can easily damage the virtual machine. It doesn’t matter if it breaks. Click to restore the snapshot< a i=2>, intact as before,Return to the starting state. Make a snapshotFirst, shut down the virtual machine, click the lower left corner of the virtual machineStart, click Turn off the computer, and then click Close in the pop-up window.
79. Click above the virtual machine withClock button with blue wrench, this button is calledSnapshot Manager. Making it a clock button also means that we can turn back time in the virtual machine, return to childhood with one click, and return to the original state of the virtual machine with one click.
80. After opening the Snapshot Manager, click Take Snapshot.
81. Just write the name casually and include it in the description.It is best to write down your own username and password for this virtual machine., to prevent yourself from forgetting the password after a long time, write it in the snapshot description to remind yourself that you can view it when the time comes, and then click to take a snapshot .
82. The virtual machine snapshot is now taken, click Close.
83. You don’t have to worry about playing with the virtual machine in the future. If it breaks down, just restore the snapshot. Let's verify, open the virtual machine again, enter the virtual machine, cmd into the console, use the previously introduced common DOS commands to try, enter In the root directory of drive C, enter the command: rd . /s/q, this isClear all data in the current directory。
84. Windows XP and Windows server 2003 systems have this vulnerability, that isSome important system startup files are stored in the root directory of drive C, and users can easily delete these files without special permissions., we enter the command and press the Enter key to delete. Of course, most of them will be refused to delete, but the startup file has been deleted.
85. After a while, we mark the cross to close the console window, then click on the lower left corner of the desktopStart, click< a i=3>Turn off the computer, and clickRestart in the pop-up window.
86. DiscoveryPrompt file is missing, it can no longer be restarted, even pressing those keys according to the interface prompts is useless.
87. This means that this virtual machine has been destroyed. At this time, we can restore the snapshot to keep it intact. Restoring a snapshot is very simple, just click on theClock button with orange arrow, which is the middle one of the three clocks.
88. A pop-up window will prompt whether you want to restore to the "best state". Click Yes to restore.
89. After recovery, turn on the virtual machine again and find that it is in the initial state set by you, and continue to use it normally.
90. Because the XP system is an old user system, if it is a single user, by default we do not need to enter a password when logging into the system. If you set up multiple users in the future, each user will have to enter their own password when logging in. , if you forget the password, you can view it in the snapshot. The viewing method is also simple, click the mouse above the virtual machineblue wrench clock button。
91. Click Best Status to see the belowuser name and password。
92. By the way, you can also restore the snapshot in this interface, click Best Status and then click below Go to (G), you will see a pop-up window prompting whether to restore the snapshot, click Yes It can also be restored, which is the same as the restored snapshot just now.
At this point, in VMware virtualization softwareInstalling a Windows XP operating system virtual machineAll steps and subsequent configurations have been introduced.
