As a professional GIS software, ArcGIS can not only make two-dimensional maps, but also make three-dimensional maps. Usually, we use ArcScene to make three-dimensional maps. Here we will introduce the method of making three-dimensional maps, hoping to help you.
Preprocess data
Load the prepared rectangular surface, rectangular line and elevation DEM data into ArcScene, the effect is shown in the figure below.
loaded data
Right-click on the DEM data and select Properties, as shown in the figure below.
select attributes
In the displayed layer properties dialog box, select the Symbology tab, and select an appropriate color ramp according to your needs, as shown in the figure below.
Choose Ribbon
Click OK to complete the modification of the elevation DEM rendering method, as shown below.
DEM after modifying the rendering method
In the same way, modify the style of the rectangular surface and the line, as shown in the figure below.
Lines and polygons with modified styles
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Stretch data
Open the DEM Layer Properties dialog box, select the Base Height tab, and select Float on Defined Surface, as shown in the figure below.
Selection floats on defined surface
After clicking OK, you can see the 3D terrain effect, as shown in the figure below.
3D terrain effects
In the Rectangular Line Layer Properties dialog box, select the Base Height tab and select Float on Defined Surface, as shown in the following figure.
Basic height setting
After clicking OK, the elevation attribute can be added to the rectangular line, as shown in the figure below.
Rectangular line after adding elevation attribute
Also in the layer properties dialog box, select the Stretch tab, check Stretch the elements in the layer, set the stretch value to -755, and select the stretch method to add it to the maximum height of each feature, as shown in the figure below shown.
stretch settings
After clicking OK, you can see that the three-dimensional "base" has been made, as shown in the figure below.
Model with 3D "base"
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Add satellite image
Load the satellite image, also open the layer properties dialog box, select the basic height tab, and choose to float on the custom surface, as shown in the figure below.
set base height
In order to ensure that the satellite image is displayed normally, you need to select the Symbology tab, select None for Stretch, and uncheck Apply Gamma Stretch, as shown in the figure below.
Symbology settings
After clicking OK, you can see the 3D map with the satellite image added, as shown in the figure below.
3D map with added satellite imagery
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epilogue
The above is a detailed description of how to use ArcGIS to make a 3D topographic map, mainly including functions such as data source, preprocessing data, stretching data, and adding satellite images.
Source of this article: Shui Jing Zhu GIS