Preparation:
1. Software to be used: ArcGIS software, AutoCAD;
2. Satellite image data and vector data (because the data is confidential, colleagues who need it, please contact the science and technology team to copy it, and sign a confidentiality agreement to strictly perform the confidentiality responsibility).
Now, nanny-level teaching officially begins——
first part
Interception and export of basemap and vector data in ArcGIS
01
open satellite image
Open the directory in the ArcGIS software, the general directory tab will be hidden on the right side of the interface (colleagues who have newly installed the software may not display the directory, first click on the window in the toolbar - the directory can be opened), as shown in the figure below, Link to satellite image placement location.
Open Wenshan database.gdb→slice engineering image map 7.06→V101 and drag “Layer.lyr” into the blank interface to open the satellite image map.
02
draw screenshot box
Let’s first determine a way of thinking. The so-called drawing screenshot frame is essentially to create a surface element, that is, the vector data of a surface file. Use this surface file to process the vector data required by the project (contour line, village name, water system) etc.) for cropping.
1. Select a certain location (folder) to place the screenshot frame vector data, and use the method introduced in the previous step to link to the location where the screenshot frame vector data is placed.
2. Right-click the selected location folder and click "New". At this time, you can choose to create a new Shapefile directly, or create a file geodatabase (that is, a database with the suffix .gdb) for the next screenshot.
Here, I tearfully recommend the creation of a file geodatabase. After countless times of pain of not being able to find the data, I decided to pay attention to the cleanliness and naming of the stored data in the future.
Since this tutorial is called a nanny-level tutorial, of course it is aimed at the most convenient use by colleagues. Next, I will explain it to you by creating a database.
3. Right-click the newly created database and click New→Element Dataset. At this time, you need to name the element dataset first. In order to ensure the cleanliness of the data and the standardization of naming, I will generally save the data when intercepting the base map. The set is named after the project name.
4. Click Next to enter the coordinate system selection interface, open the projected coordinate system → open Gauss Kruger → open CGCS2000 → select CGCS2000 3 Degree GK Zone35, and click Next.
5. Select the vertical coordinate system page without setting, just click the next page, and then click Finish, and the creation of the feature dataset is completed.
6. After the feature dataset is created, we need to create polygon features in the dataset, which is the screenshot box.
6.1 Locate the project location and determine the project scope.
6.2 Create polygon features in the feature dataset, which is the polygon file where the screenshot box is located.
The creation of the screenshot box is very important, it will affect all subsequent results, and it is very troublesome to modify, so colleagues should determine the location of the project in advance, and then create the screenshot box within the scope of the project.
6.3 After the screenshot frame file is created, the system will automatically add it to the content list on the left. At this time, we right-click the file and select Edit Element→Start Editing.
In this step, some colleagues who have newly installed the software may encounter the situation that the content list on the left does not open. Also click Window→Content List in the toolbar above the software interface to open it.
6.4 You can edit the surface file only after the editing state is turned on. Click the Create Element button on the right side of the editor, and the Create Element window will pop up on the right side of the interface. Select the newly created area file in the Create Element window, and the lower part of the Create Element window will display There are various ways to create a new surface. Here we only demonstrate the creation of a rectangular surface, and other methods can be used according to actual needs (when drawing a surface, you can click the right mouse button to select horizontal alignment to draw a horizontal rectangle).
The editors of colleagues who have newly installed software may not be displayed. Right-click on the blank space of the toolbar and select the editor, which is similar to calling up various command bars in CAD.
6.5 After drawing the surface elements, we need to set its color and outline width to facilitate the export of pictures and the processing of the CAD part in the next step.
Click the color block under the surface file in the content list on the left (note that you click the color block, not the text), open the symbol selector, change the fill color to no color, and change the outline color to sun yellow (pro Measure the clearest color), widen the outline width (adjusted to 0.8 for personal habits), and then end the editing state. So far, the drawing of the screenshot frame has been completed.
03
Crop vector data by using screenshot frame file
1. After the screenshot frame is drawn, we need to use the screenshot frame to crop vector data (contours, place names, water systems, etc.). Cropping involves turning labels into annotations, which will be explained in a later tweet.
1.1 First find the vector data, find the previously linked map data in the right directory, open the Wenshan database.gdb→DT→DGX10, (in the data set named "DT", there are DGX5, DGX10, DGX25, DGX50 represents 5m, 10m, 25m, 50m contour lines), drag and drop the line file named DGX10 into the map page, and the addition is successful.
Note that after the contour line is added successfully, it is recommended to close it immediately, because the data volume of the contour line is large, and subsequent operations may be very slow.
2. After adding the contour lines, we can find the system toolbox in the catalog on the right, open the Analysis Tools→extract analysis→cutting in the system toolbox, and then open the cutting tool, and add the data on the left side to the tool as required, The clipping of contour lines can be carried out.
When clipping, it should be noted that the input feature in the clipping tool interface is the feature that needs to be clipped (contour line); the clipping feature is the feature used for clipping (screenshot box), and the output feature class should be selected from the feature class dataset we created earlier. In this way, the data is very neat and easy to manage.
04
Export of data and basemaps
1. After the data clipping is completed, we finally ushered in the export link of Xida Puben. First, close the contour line after cropping, so as not to affect the drawing effect, and then click the bottom of the screen to switch the view to layout view, right-click the blank space, select page and print settings, and set the canvas to the size we need. After the setting is complete, right-click the map part and select Properties, click the Size and Position tab, adjust the size to be the same size as the canvas, uncheck the "Offset Distance Form" in the Position option, change both X and Y to 0, and Scale the image to a suitable size, then click File→Export Map in the upper right corner, select the file format, save path, name the file, adjust the resolution, and then click OK to wait for the export to succeed (note here that the file format is general Choose the TIFF format, and choose the location you can find for the save path. Generally, 300 resolution is enough for use. If the project scope is small, you can also consider increasing it appropriately. If it is too large, it may cause the picture to be too large. Some older versions of CAD and older computer may be difficult to turn on).
2. After the base map is exported, we need to export the data to CAD format before entering CAD for further processing. First select the screenshot box in the content list on the left, right-click and select Data→Export to CAD, and then the export window will pop up, and then drag the cropped contour lines into the export window to output the file path to a place you can find. After the export is complete, the system will automatically add the exported CAD file. We can just remove it from the content list. Please remember to change the output type to DWG_R2000. It is a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation to save it as a lower version file.
At this point, the ArcGIS part of the operation is all over, and the next step is to enter the CAD part of the operation.
the second part
CAD processing
01
Insert CAD base map and scale corresponding
1. Open the CAD file exported by ArcGIS, and insert the exported basemap image, turn off the contour layer, and only turn on the layer of the screenshot frame.
(No way, no way, is there anyone who doesn’t know this step?)
2. Place the inserted picture at the bottom (shortcut command DR), find a point on the screenshot frame on the picture, and use this point as the base point to move the picture to the corresponding point of the screenshot frame rectangle.
3. Scale the picture, and use the diagonal line corresponding to the selected corner point as a reference, scale the picture to perfectly correspond to the screenshot frame, and then crop the picture according to the size of the screenshot frame.
02
Contour line type line width processing
Turn off the basemap layer and the screenshot frame layer, only turn on the contour layer, select all the contour lines, open the properties, change the line width to default or 0, and change the global width to 0.
At this point, a complete nanny-level tutorial on using ArcGIS and CAD to make design base maps is over. I hope you will watch it carefully. If you have any questions, please contact the technology team in time to improve everyone's work efficiency. Sharing practical tips is also part of the work content of our technology team One, I will continue to share various practical skills with you on the official account in the future. I hope that all colleagues will continue to pay attention.
Source of this article: Technology Group