Linux network settings
- View network settings
- Test network connection
- Use network configuration commands
- Modify the network configuration file
View network settings
View network interface information
View all active network interface information
ifconfig
View specified network interface information
ifconfig 网络接口
View hostname
View or temporarily set the current hostname
hostname [主机名]
Permanently set the hostname
hostnamectl set-hostname [主机名]
vi hostname //设置完成后需要重启系统才生效
View routing table entry route
View or set the routing table information in the host
route [-n]
View network connection status netstat
View the system's network connection status, routing table, interface statistics and other information
netstat [选项]
Common options:
-a: Display all active network connection information in the host (including monitoring and non-listening service ports)
-n: Display the relevant host address, port and other information in the form of numbers
-t: View TCP-related information
-u: Display information related to the UDP protocol
-p: display the process number and process name information associated with the network connection (this option requires root privileges)
-r: display the routing table information
-l: display the network connection and port information in the monitoring state
Get socket statistics information ss
View the network connection of the system and obtain socket statistics
ss [选项]
Common options:
-t: Display the sockets of the TCP protocol
-u: Display the sockets of the UDP protocol
-n: Do not resolve the name of the service, such as "22" The port will not be displayed as "ssh"
-l: Only display the port in the listening state
-p: Display the process of listening port (Requires sudo on Ubuntu)
-a: For TCP protocol, it includes both the listening port and the established connection
-r: Interpret IP as domain name and port number as protocol name
Test network connection
ping command
Test network connectivity
ping [选项] 目标主机
Traceroute
Test the network nodes that pass from the current host to the destination host
traceroute 目标主机地址
Domain name resolution nslookup
Test DNS domain name resolution
nslookup 目标主机地址 [DNS服务器地址]
Use network configuration commands
Set the network interface parameters ifconfig
Set the IP address and subnet mask of the network interface
ifconfig 网络接口 IP地址 [netmask 子网掩码/子网掩码长度]
Disable or reactivate the network card
ifconfig 网络接口 up
ifconfig 网络接口 down
Set up a virtual network interface
ifconfig 网络接口:序号 IP地址
Set routing record route
Route records added to the specified network segment
route add -net 网段地址 gw IP地址
Delete routing records to the specified network segment
route del -net 网段地址
Add a default gateway record to the routing table
route add default gw IP地址
Delete the default gateway record in the routing table
route del default gw IP地址
Modify the network configuration file
Modify hostname hostname
Set hostname
hostname 主机名
bash：启用新的shell会话
Network interface profile
ifcfg-ens33 in the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ directory : the configuration file of the first Ethernet card
Enable and disable network interface configuration
Restart network network service
systemctl restart network
Disable and enable network interface
ifdown ens33
ifup ens33
Hostname profile
Modify the host name through the /etc/hostname file
vi /etc/hostname
仅识别第一行作为主机名，并且重启后生效
Modify the host name through hostnamectl
hostnamectl set-hostname www.bdqn.com
bash
Domain name resolution configuration file
/etc/resolv.conf文件
保存本机需要使用的DNS服务器的IP地址
Local host mapping file
/etc/hosts 文件
保存主机名与IP地址的映射记录
Comparison of hosts file and DNS server
By default, the system first finds the resolution record from the hosts file. The
hosts file is only valid for the current host. The
hosts file can reduce the DNS query process and speed up the access speed.