UV-ARC complies with the EN 50317-2002 standard for railway applications and can be used for EMUs and high-speed rail pantograph spark detection

EN European Standards:
1. Introduction to CENELEC and CEN: CENELEC and CEN and their joint institutions CEN / CENELEC are Europe's most important standard-setting institutions. CENELEC was established in Brussels, Belgium in 1976 as a result of the merger of two early institutions. Its purpose is to coordinate the electrical standards promulgated by the standards bodies of relevant European countries and eliminate technical barriers to trade. The members of CENELEC are the national committees of the 12 member states of the European Community and the 7 member states of the European Free Trade Area (EFTA). Except for Iceland and Luxembourg, the remaining 17 countries are all members of the International Electrotechnical Commission (lEC).
CEN was established in Paris, France in 1961. Since 1971, CEN moved to Brussels and later worked with CENELEC. In terms of business scope, CENELEC is in charge of all areas of electrical technology, while CEN manages other areas. Its member states are the same as CENELEC. Except for Luxembourg, the other 18 countries are all member states of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
2. CEN/CENELEC and European Standards CENELEC and CEN established a joint organization after a long-term division of labor, called the Common European Organization for Standardization, or CEN/CENELEC for short. But the original two institutions CEN and CENELEC still continue to exist independently. In January 1988, CEN/CENELEC passed a common procedure for standardization work, and then divided the standard publications prepared by CEN/CENELEC into the following three categories:
1. EN (European Standard): According to the common obligations of participating countries, The adoption of this EN standard will give legal status to the relevant national standards of a certain member state, or revoke the relevant standards of a certain country that is opposed to it. That is to say, the national standards of the member states must be consistent with the EN standards. Such as: ENIO025, ENIO028
2. HD (Harmonized Document): This is also a standard of CEN/CENELEC. According to the common obligations of participating countries, relevant government departments of various countries should at least announce the number and name of the HD standard, and the national standard that opposes this should also be revoked. That is to say, the national standards of the member states should be at least coordinated with the HD standards.
3. ENV (European Preliminary Standard): Compiled by CEN/CENELEC, it is planned to be the official European standard in the future for temporary application. During this period, the opposing member states' standards allow reservations, and the two can exist in parallel. CEN/CENELEC stipulates that the same numbering system is used for EN and ENV. The numbers below 40000 belong to CEN, the numbers above 50000 belong to CENELEC, and the numbers in between belong to CEN/CENELEC.

The dynamic contact force of the pantograph and net is the key parameter to evaluate the quality of pantograph and net flow, the condition of the catenary and the wear of the sliding plate, and to diagnose the local defects of the catenary. Considering the shortcomings and defects of the existing contact force detection methods, a method based on the optical fiber strain sensor to measure the contact force is proposed. First, the structure of the pantograph head is simplified, and the relationship between the concentration force of the bow head and the strain response is analyzed. A new model for calculating the pantograph and net contact force was established; secondly, static experiments were carried out based on the pantograph and net hybrid simulation test bench, which verified the linear assumption of the response relationship and calibrated the equivalent stiffness and equivalent length of the skateboard, as well as multiple sets of dynamic loading experiments. The validity of the measurement method is verified, and the reliability of the high-frequency operating conditions is further verified by simulation; finally, the contact force measurement results before and after the correction of the inertial force are compared with the actual contact force. The research results show that the inertial force affects the contact The contribution of force increases with the increase of frequency. Without considering the inertial force, the measurement error of the minimum and maximum contact force at 10 Hz is 26.57% and 11.13%, which can not be ignored; the corrected contact force measurement value is compared with the actual The values ​​are in good agreement, the measurement errors of the minimum and maximum values ​​are reduced to 3.12% and 1.54%, and the measurement errors are small.
The electrical equipment used by electric traction locomotives to obtain electrical energy from the catenary is installed on the roof of the locomotive or motor car. The pantograph can be divided into single-arm bow and double-arm bow, both of which are composed of a skateboard, upper frame, lower arm rod (lower frame for double-arm bow), underframe, bow lifting spring, transmission cylinder, support insulator and other components. The diamond pantograph, also known as the diamond pantograph, was very common in the past, but was gradually eliminated due to high maintenance costs and easy to break the contact net in the event of a fault. In recent years, single-arm bows have been used.
The smoothness of the load current passing through the contact surface of the contact wire and the pantograph slide is related to the contact pressure, transition resistance, and contact area between the slide and the contact wire, and depends on the interaction between the pantograph and the contact net.
In order to ensure the smooth flow of traction current, there must be a certain contact pressure between the pantograph and the contact wire. The actual contact pressure of the pantograph net consists of four parts: the pantograph lifting system exerts on the sliding plate to make the upward vertical force a static contact pressure (generally 70N or 90N); due to the difference in elasticity of the contact suspension itself, the contact line is under pressure. The pantograph will rise to different degrees under the action of lifting, so that the pantograph will vibrate up and down during operation, so that the pantograph will produce a dynamic contact pressure that is related to its own reduced mass; the pantograph is in operation An aerodynamic force that increases rapidly with the increase in speed generated by the action of air flow; the damping force generated by the joints of the pantograph during the process of raising and lowering the bow.

Finally, I recommend a UV sensor for detecting pantograph sparks on EMUs and high-speed rails. The waterproof UV sensor imported from Germany by Gongcai.com-UV-Arc, UV-Arc is a waterproof sensor with a thread The body (G3/4”) will be used on the train to measure the strength and length of the bow according to EN50317. This indicates the contact quality between the pantograph and the catenary, and allows defects to be found on the wire ropes in the rail network Location. The UV-Arc sensor is configured for this particular application. It contains a very sensitive photodiode and an additional fi lter to suppress the sensitivity of solar UVB. The time constant is adjusted to the typical arc length and the metal housing provides high Safety of electromagnetic compatibility.