This series of articles is mainly to share the thinking model, involving various fields, focusing on improving cognition
1 Model story
A technical position wants to transfer to a product manager (application of SWOT for personal career planning), do SWOT analysis, and then quantify the cost of his transformation:
Xiao Wang wants to open a food outlet at the door of his residential area. After SWOT analysis of himself and his opponents, he concludes that although I and other hawkers may face the same challenges, I have more advantages and opportunities than my opponents, so I decided to open the stall immediately, otherwise I would miss the opportunity. SWOT analysis is as follows:
A company's human resources director made a SWOT analysis of employee satisfaction, and then decided to establish improvement weaknesses. The newly established human resources department and training department carried out weakness improvement (note: this is not only an analysis of the four dimensions of SWOT, but also from SO, WO, ST, WT four perspectives have established solutions):
Kearney uses SWOT analysis for strategic analysis and strategic planning
Among the four applications here, the first two applications are mainly "diagnosis", and the latter two applications are "diagnosis" + "prescription". In short, SWOT can help individuals / teams / enterprises to focus their resources and actions on their strengths and places with the most opportunities through analysis, so that they / teams / companies can be in a favorable position in a highly competitive environment.
2 Model SWOT analysis
SWOT analysis is based on the analysis of the internal and external competitive environment and competitive conditions, and lists various major internal advantages, disadvantages, and external opportunities and threats that are closely related to the research object. Using the idea of systematic analysis, the various factors are matched and analyzed, and a series of corresponding conclusions are drawn from them, and the conclusions usually have a certain degree of decision-making. Using this method, you can conduct a comprehensive, systematic, and accurate study of the situation of the research object, so as to formulate corresponding development strategies, plans, and countermeasures according to the research results. Through SWOT analysis, it can help individuals / teams / enterprises to gather resources and actions in their strengths and where they have the most opportunities; and make the strategy of individuals / teams / enterprises clear. Next, we interpret SWOT in detail:
- S (strengths) are advantages and internal factors of the organization, including: favorable competitive situation, sufficient financial resources, good external image, technical strength, economies of scale, product quality, market share, cost advantage, advertising offensive Wait.
- W (weaknesses) is a disadvantage and an internal factor of the organization, including: aging equipment, chaotic management, lack of key technologies, backward research and development, shortage of funds, poor management, product backlog, and poor competitiveness.
- O (opportunities) are opportunities and external factors of the organization, including: new products, new markets, new needs, competitors' mistakes, etc.
- T (threats) is a threat and an external factor of the organization, including: new competitors, increased replacement products, market tightening, industry policy changes, economic recession, emergencies, etc.
The SWOT model complies with the MECE rule. S (advantages, internal advantages) and W (disadvantages, internal defects) are mainly affected by the internal environment, and O (opportunities, external advantages) and T (threats, external defects) are mainly affected by the external environment. At the same time, formulating effective solutions through the SWOT model also meets the MECE rule, as follows:
Among them, WO means internal disadvantages + external opportunities, SO means internal advantages + external opportunities, WT means internal disadvantages + external threats, and ST means internal advantages + external threats. According to the complete concept of an enterprise ’s competitive strategy, the strategy should be something an enterprise “can do "(That is, the strengths and weaknesses of the organization) and" may do "(that is, environmental opportunities and threats). The advantage of the SWOT method is that it considers the problem comprehensively. It is a systematic thinking, and it can closely integrate the " diagnosis " and " prescription " of the problem . It is organized and easy to test.
The limitations of the SWOT model: The SWOT model has also been proposed by McKinsey for a long time, with the limitations of the times. Previous companies may pay more attention to cost and quality, and companies may place more emphasis on organizational processes. For example, the previous electric typewriter was replaced by a printer, how to transform? Should it be a printer or other electromechanical products? From the perspective of SWOT analysis, the advantages of electric typewriter manufacturers are electromechanical, but it seems that there is a chance to develop printers. As a result, some of the Korean printers developed very badly; some of them were very successful in the production of razors. It depends on whether you want a growth strategy based on opportunities or a growth strategy based on capabilities. SWOT does not consider the initiative of the enterprise to change the status quo. The enterprise can find the new resources to create the advantages needed by the enterprise, so as to achieve the strategic goals that could not be achieved in the past. Because there are too many occasions to use the SWOT analysis method, in the process of using the SWOT analysis method, you will encounter some problems of adaptability, which will also lead to abnormal phenomena. Problems arising from the basic SWOT analysis method can be solved by the more advanced POWER SWOT analysis method.
3 Model sketch
