华硕 飞行堡垒 linux安装cuda8+cuDnn6+tensorflow+keras 教程

得不说坑好多……

在这里先说在前面 最好的组合是cuda8 cudnn6 不要问我为什么……都是泪！！！

cuda9 tensorflow前段时间说是兼容了，但是不好按，会报错

cudnn我按官网上面是5 for cuda8 ，python里import时还会报错

tensorflow 默认安装还是会报错（默认是1.6）

具体错误文后贴出……

cuda8 cuDnn6 网盘：网盘 密码: qr4i

Ubuntu初始环境设置

• 打开终端输入：

# 系统升级
>>> sudo apt update
>>> sudo apt upgrade
# 安装python基础开发包
>>> sudo apt install -y python-dev python-pip python-nose gcc g++ git gfortran vim

• 安装运算加速库打开终端输入：

>>> sudo apt install -y libopenblas-dev liblapack-dev libatlas-base-dev

1. CUDA开发环境的搭建(CPU加速跳过)

如果您的仅仅采用cpu加速，可跳过此步骤 - 下载CUDA8.0

下载地址：https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads

之后打开终端输入：

>>> sudo dpkg -i cuda-repo-ubuntu1604-8-0-local-ga2_8.0.61-1_amd64.deb
>>> sudo apt update
>>> sudo apt -y install cuda

自动配置成功就好。

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• 将CUDA路径添加至环境变量在终端输入：

>>> sudo gedit /etc/profile

在profile文件中添加：

export CUDA_HOME=/usr/local/cuda-8.0
export PATH=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/bin${PATH:+:${PATH}}
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-8.0/lib64${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}

之后source /etc/profile即可

• 测试在终端输入：

>>> nvcc -V

会得到相应的nvcc编译器相应的信息，那么CUDA配置成功了。(记得重启系统)

如果要进行cuda性能测试，可以进行：

>>> cd /usr/local/cuda/samples
>>> sudo make -j8

编译完成后，可以进samples/bin/.../.../...的底层目录，运行各类实例。

2. 加速库cuDNN（可选）建议选6

从官网下载需要注册账号申请，两三天批准。网盘搜索一般也能找到最新版。Linux目前最新的版本是cudnn V6，但对于tensorflow的预编译版本还不支持这个最近版本，建议采用5.1版本，即是cudnn-8.0-win-x64-v5.1-prod.zip。下载解压出来是名为cuda的文件夹，里面有bin、include、lib，将三个文件夹复制到安装CUDA的地方覆盖对应文件夹，在终端中输入：

>>> sudo cp include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda/include/
>>> sudo cp lib64/* /usr/local/cuda/lib64/
>>> cd /usr/local/cuda/lib64
>>> sudo ln -sf libcudnn.so.5.1.10 libcudnn.so.5
>>> sudo ln -sf libcudnn.so.5 libcudnn.so
>>> sudo ldconfig -v

3.Keras框架搭建

相关开发包安装

在终端中输入:（一定是1.4 安装tensorflow时）

>>> sudo pip install -U --pre pip setuptools wheel
>>> sudo pip install -U --pre numpy scipy matplotlib scikit-learn scikit-image
>>> sudo pip install -U --pre tensorflow-gpu==1.4   
# >>> sudo pip install -U --pre tensorflow ## CPU版本
>>> sudo pip install -U --pre keras

安装完毕后，输入python，然后输入：

>>> import tensorflow
>>> import keras

无错输出即可

Keras中mnist数据集测试

下载Keras开发包

>>> git clone https://github.com/fchollet/keras.git
>>> cd keras/examples/
>>> python mnist_mlp.py

程序无错进行，至此，keras安装完成。

遇到的错误

1.

安装的是CUDA8没有安装cudnn
安装tensorflow没有报错
但在import tensorflow时报错
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File …………………………………………p, pathname, description)
ImportError: libcublas.so.9.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.

See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_sources#common_installation_problems

for some common reasons and solutions. Include the entire stack trace

above this error message when asking for help.

2.

安装了cudnn
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/__init__.py", line 24, in
from tensorflow.python import *
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/__init__.py", line 49, in
from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 72, in
raise ImportError(msg)
ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in
from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 28, in
_pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper
_mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal', fp, pathname, description)
ImportError: libcudnn.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory


Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.

See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_sources#common_installation_problems

for some common reasons and solutions. Include the entire stack trace
above this error message when asking for help.

3.将tensorflow 1.6卸载后，装了1.4，变成
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/__init__.py", line 24, in
from tensorflow.python import *
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/__init__.py", line 49, in
from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 72, in
raise ImportError(msg)
ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in
from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 28, in
_pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper
_mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal', fp, pathname, description)
ImportError: libcudnn.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory


Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.

See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_sources#common_installation_problems