好久没写了，最近在搞通讯录，先记录一下通讯录相关的东西。
首先要知道系统的联系人是存在/data/data/com.android.providers.contacts/databases.contacts2.db里的。一看这个文件后缀名.db就知道是数据库SQLite了，这里先推荐两个看SQLite数据库文件的工具：sqlitebrowser（LINUX）和SQLite Studio（WINDOWS），我这边用的是sqlitebrowser，安装很简单sudo apt-get install sqlitebrowser，然后sqlitebrowser contacts2.db就可以看到这个数据库里的数据了。
打开数据库之后可以看到39张表、32个索引、19个视图、9个触发器（我的天）。网上的各路大神都说不需要全都懂，只需要看4个表：contacts、raw_contacts、mimetypes、data。那么就先记录这几张表对应的字段：
contacts表：
_id、name_raw_contact_id、photo_id、photo_file_id、custom_ringtone、send_to_voicemail、x_times_contacted、x_last_time_contacted、times_contacted、last_time_contacted、starred、pinned、has_phone_number、look_up、status_update_id、contact_last_update_timestamp
raw_contacts表：
_id、accout_id、sourceid、backup_id、raw_contact_is_read_only、version、dirty、deleted、metadata_dirty、contact_id、aggregation_mode、aggregation_needed、custom_ringtone、send_to_voice_mail、x_times_contacted、x_last_time_contacted、times_contacted、last_time_contacted、starred、pinned、display_name、display_name_alt、display_name_source、phonetic_name、phonetic_name_style、sort_key、phonebook_label、phonebook_bucket、sort_key_alt、phonebook_label_alt、phonebook_bucket_alt、name_verified、sync1、sync2、sync3、sync4
mimetypes表：
_id、mimetype
data表：
_id、package_id、mimetype_id、raw_contact_id、hash_id、is_read_only、is_primary、is_super_primary、data_version、data1、data2、data3、data4、data5、data6、data7、data8、data9、data10、data11、data12、data13、data14、data15、data_sync1、data_sync2、data_sync3、data_sync4、carries_presence
终于列举完了……好多好麻烦
接下来讲讲这几个表的作用：contacts表保存了所有的手机测联系人；raw_contacts表保存了所有创建过的手机测联系人，表里有一列标识该联系人是否被删除；mimetypes表定义了所有的mimeType，这个在代码中ContactsCotract.CommonDataKinds里都能找到对应的字段；data表保存了所有创建过的手机测联系人的所有信息。
这里面关系比较复杂，想要屡清楚的话最好插入几条数据，然后就会理解这之中的关系了。这里写一个简单的例子，我要通过手机号来删除某个联系人信息应该怎么做：
1.先在data表中找到对应手机号的raw_contact_id
2.删除raw_contacts表中对应id的数据，剩下的交给触发器，触发器会把对应的字段都删掉。
代码如下：
/**
* param ContactBean 包含name、phoneNumber、remark三个字段，自己封装的联系人bean
**/
public boolean deleteContact(Context context, ContactBean contactBean) {
boolean result;
String number = contactBean.getPhoneNumber();
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/data");
ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();
Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, new String[]{ContactsContract.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID}, "data1 = ? and mimetype_id = 5",
new String[]{number}, null);//由于我保存的时候存入的mimetype = 5所以这里直接写死了
if (cursor == null) return false;
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int rawContactId = cursor.getInt(0); //根据id删除data中的相应数据
int num = resolver.delete(ContentUris.withAppendedId(ContactsContract.RawContacts.CONTENT_URI, rawContactId), null, null);
if (num > 0) {
result = true;
} else {
result = false;
}
} else {
result = false;
}
cursor.close();
return result;
}另外再附上一个网上写的把联系人信息转换为JSON的例子，我觉得很全面，代码如下：
public List<JSONObject> getContactInfo(Context context) throws JSONException {
// 获得通讯录信息 ，URI是ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI
List<JSONObject> list = new ArrayList<>();
JSONObject contactData;
JSONObject jsonObject = null;
contactData = new JSONObject();
String mimetype = "";
int oldrid = -1;
int contactId = -1;
Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, null, null, null, ContactsContract.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID);
int numm = 0;
if (cursor == null) return null;
else {
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
do {
contactId = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID));
if (oldrid != contactId) {
jsonObject = new JSONObject();
contactData.put("contact" + numm, jsonObject);
list.add(jsonObject);
numm++;
oldrid = contactId;
}
// 取得mimetype类型
mimetype = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE));
// 获得通讯录中每个联系人的ID
// 获得通讯录中联系人的名字
if (ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimetype)) {
String display_name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredName.DISPLAY_NAME));
jsonObject.put("display_name", display_name);
String prefix = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.PREFIX));
jsonObject.put("prefix", prefix);
String firstName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.FAMILY_NAME));
jsonObject.put("firstName", firstName);
String middleName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.MIDDLE_NAME));
jsonObject.put("middleName", middleName);
String lastname = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME));
jsonObject.put("lastname", lastname);
String suffix = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.SUFFIX));
jsonObject.put("suffix", suffix);
String phoneticFirstName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.PHONETIC_FAMILY_NAME));
jsonObject.put("phoneticFirstName", phoneticFirstName);
String phoneticMiddleName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.PHONETIC_MIDDLE_NAME));
jsonObject.put("phoneticMiddleName", phoneticMiddleName);
String phoneticLastName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.PHONETIC_GIVEN_NAME));
jsonObject.put("phoneticLastName", phoneticLastName);
}
// 获取电话信息
if (ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimetype)) {
// 取出电话类型
int phoneType = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.TYPE));
Log.e(TAG, "getContactInfo: phoneType = " + phoneType);
// 手机
if (phoneType == ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.TYPE_MOBILE) {
String mobile = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("mobile", mobile);
}
// 住宅电话
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_HOME) {
String homeNum = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("homeNum", homeNum);
}
// 单位电话
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_WORK) {
String jobNum = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("jobNum", jobNum);
}
// 单位传真
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_FAX_WORK) {
String workFax = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("workFax", workFax);
}
// 住宅传真
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_FAX_HOME) {
String homeFax = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("homeFax", homeFax);
}
// 寻呼机
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_PAGER) {
String pager = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("pager", pager);
}
// 回拨号码
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_CALLBACK) {
String quickNum = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("quickNum", quickNum);
}
// 公司总机
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_COMPANY_MAIN) {
String jobTel = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("jobTel", jobTel);
}
// 车载电话
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_CAR) {
String carNum = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("carNum", carNum);
}
// ISDN
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_ISDN) {
String isdn = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("isdn", isdn);
}
// 总机
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_MAIN) {
String tel = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("tel", tel);
}
// 无线装置
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_RADIO) {
String wirelessDev = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("wirelessDev", wirelessDev);
}
// 电报
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_TELEX) {
String telegram = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("telegram", telegram);
}
// TTY_TDD
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_TTY_TDD) {
String tty_tdd = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("tty_tdd", tty_tdd);
}
// 单位手机
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_WORK_MOBILE) {
String jobMobile = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("jobMobile", jobMobile);
}
// 单位寻呼机
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_WORK_PAGER) {
String jobPager = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("jobPager", jobPager);
}
// 助理
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_ASSISTANT) {
String assistantNum = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("assistantNum", assistantNum);
}
// 彩信
if (phoneType == Phone.TYPE_MMS) {
String mms = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER));
jsonObject.put("mms", mms);
}
}
// }
// 查找email地址
if (Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimetype)) {
// 取出邮件类型
int emailType = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(Email.TYPE));
// 住宅邮件地址
if (emailType == Email.TYPE_CUSTOM) {
String homeEmail = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Email.DATA));
jsonObject.put("homeEmail", homeEmail);
}
// 住宅邮件地址
else if (emailType == Email.TYPE_HOME) {
String homeEmail = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Email.DATA));
jsonObject.put("homeEmail", homeEmail);
}
// 单位邮件地址
if (emailType == Email.TYPE_CUSTOM) {
String jobEmail = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Email.DATA));
jsonObject.put("jobEmail", jobEmail);
}
// 单位邮件地址
else if (emailType == Email.TYPE_WORK) {
String jobEmail = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Email.DATA));
jsonObject.put("jobEmail", jobEmail);
}
// 手机邮件地址
if (emailType == Email.TYPE_CUSTOM) {
String mobileEmail = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Email.DATA));
jsonObject.put("mobileEmail", mobileEmail);
}
// 手机邮件地址
else if (emailType == Email.TYPE_MOBILE) {
String mobileEmail = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Email.DATA));
jsonObject.put("mobileEmail", mobileEmail);
}
}
// 查找event地址
if (Event.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimetype)) {
// 取出时间类型
int eventType = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(Event.TYPE));
// 生日
if (eventType == Event.TYPE_BIRTHDAY) {
String birthday = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Event.START_DATE));
jsonObject.put("birthday", birthday);
}
// 周年纪念日
if (eventType == Event.TYPE_ANNIVERSARY) {
String anniversary = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Event.START_DATE));
jsonObject.put("anniversary", anniversary);
}
}
// 即时消息
if (Im.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimetype)) {
// 取出即时消息类型
int protocal = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(Im.PROTOCOL));
if (Im.TYPE_CUSTOM == protocal) {
String workMsg = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Im.DATA));
jsonObject.put("workMsg", workMsg);
} else if (Im.PROTOCOL_MSN == protocal) {
String workMsg = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Im.DATA));
jsonObject.put("workMsg", workMsg);
}
if (Im.PROTOCOL_QQ == protocal) {
String instantsMsg = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Im.DATA));
jsonObject.put("instantsMsg", instantsMsg);
}
}
// 获取备注信息
if (Note.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimetype)) {
String remark = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Note.NOTE));
jsonObject.put("remark", remark);
}
// 获取昵称信息
if (Nickname.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimetype)) {
String nickName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Nickname.NAME));
jsonObject.put("nickName", nickName);
}
// 获取组织信息
if (Organization.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimetype)) {
// 取出组织类型
int orgType = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(Organization.TYPE));
// 单位
if (orgType == Organization.TYPE_CUSTOM) {
// if (orgType == Organization.TYPE_WORK) {
String company = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Organization.COMPANY));
jsonObject.put("company", company);
String jobTitle = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Organization.TITLE));
jsonObject.put("jobTitle", jobTitle);
String department = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Organization.DEPARTMENT));
jsonObject.put("department", department);
}
}
// 获取网站信息
if (Website.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimetype)) {
// 取出组织类型
int webType = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(Website.TYPE));
// 主页
if (webType == Website.TYPE_CUSTOM) {
String home = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Website.URL));
jsonObject.put("home", home);
}
// 主页
else if (webType == Website.TYPE_HOME) {
String home = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Website.URL));
jsonObject.put("home", home);
}
// 个人主页
if (webType == Website.TYPE_HOMEPAGE) {
String homePage = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Website.URL));
jsonObject.put("homePage", homePage);
}
// 工作主页
if (webType == Website.TYPE_WORK) {
String workPage = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Website.URL));
jsonObject.put("workPage", workPage);
}
}
// 查找通讯地址
if (StructuredPostal.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE.equals(mimetype)) {
// 取出邮件类型
int postalType = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.TYPE));
// 单位通讯地址
if (postalType == StructuredPostal.TYPE_WORK) {
String street = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.STREET));
jsonObject.put("street", street);
String ciry = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.CITY));
jsonObject.put("ciry", ciry);
String box = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.POBOX));
jsonObject.put("box", box);
String area = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.NEIGHBORHOOD));
jsonObject.put("area", area);
String state = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.REGION));
jsonObject.put("state", state);
String zip = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.POSTCODE));
jsonObject.put("zip", zip);
String country = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.COUNTRY));
jsonObject.put("country", country);
}
// 住宅通讯地址
if (postalType == StructuredPostal.TYPE_HOME) {
String homeStreet = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.STREET));
jsonObject.put("homeStreet", homeStreet);
String homeCity = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.CITY));
jsonObject.put("homeCity", homeCity);
String homeBox = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.POBOX));
jsonObject.put("homeBox", homeBox);
String homeArea = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.NEIGHBORHOOD));
jsonObject.put("homeArea", homeArea);
String homeState = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.REGION));
jsonObject.put("homeState", homeState);
String homeZip = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.POSTCODE));
jsonObject.put("homeZip", homeZip);
String homeCountry = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.COUNTRY));
jsonObject.put("homeCountry", homeCountry);
}
// 其他通讯地址
if (postalType == StructuredPostal.TYPE_OTHER) {
String otherStreet = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.STREET));
jsonObject.put("otherStreet", otherStreet);
String otherCity = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.CITY));
jsonObject.put("otherCity", otherCity);
String otherBox = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.POBOX));
jsonObject.put("otherBox", otherBox);
String otherArea = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.NEIGHBORHOOD));
jsonObject.put("otherArea", otherArea);
String otherState = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.REGION));
jsonObject.put("otherState", otherState);
String otherZip = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.POSTCODE));
jsonObject.put("otherZip", otherZip);
String otherCountry = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(StructuredPostal.COUNTRY));
jsonObject.put("otherCountry", otherCountry);
}
}
} while (cursor.moveToNext());
}
}
cursor.close();
Log.i("contactData", contactData.toString());
return list;
}好了，到此为止吧。希望以后可以通过这篇文章帮到自己。
再加一个添加联系人和修改联系人的示例：
添加联系人：
public int insertContact(Context context, ContactBean contactBean) {
String name = contactBean.getName();
String alias = contactBean.getAlias();
if (alias == null || alias.equals("")) alias = name;
String number = contactBean.getPhoneNumber();
//先查询要添加的号码是否已存在通讯录中, 不存在则添加. 存在则提示用户
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/data/phones/filter/" + number);
ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();
//从raw_contact表中返回display_name
Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, new String[]{ContactsContract.Data.DISPLAY_NAME}, null, null, null);
if (cursor == null) return INSERT_FAILED;
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
contactBean.setName(cursor.getString(0));
return INSERT_REPEAT;
} else {
//首先向RawContacts.CONTENT_URI执行一个空值插入，目的是获取系统返回的rawContactId
uri = ContactsContract.RawContacts.CONTENT_URI;
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
Uri rawContactUri = resolver.insert(uri, values);
long contact_id = ContentUris.parseId(rawContactUri);
values.clear();
//插入data表
uri = dataUri;
//add Name 这里有点奇怪，如果不设置Family和middle的话如果输入中文，那么它会自动给你切分开，比如说售后中心，它会给你切成family为售后、middle为中，given为心，具体原因没有深究
values.put(ContactsContract.Contacts.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, contact_id);
values.put(ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
values.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.FAMILY_NAME, "");
values.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.MIDDLE_NAME, "");
values.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.DISPLAY_NAME, alias);
values.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, name);
resolver.insert(uri, values);
values.clear();
//add Phone
values.put(ContactsContract.Contacts.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, contact_id);
values.put(ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
values.put(Phone.TYPE, Phone.TYPE_MOBILE);
values.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER, number);
resolver.insert(uri, values);
values.clear();
//这里是我用Note里的字段来做的区分，实际上从contact2.db里可以看到，Android源码只用到了data1这个作为备注，他的data2到data15没有用到，所以我们可以用来做一些扩展
if (contactBean.getFromCloud()) {
values.put(ContactsContract.Contacts.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, contact_id);
values.put(ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Note.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
values.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Note.NOTE, "soundai");
resolver.insert(uri, values);
values.clear();
}
}
cursor.close();
return INSERT_SUCCESS;
}
修改联系人的姓名等信息：
public boolean updateContact(Context context, ContactBean contactBean) {
boolean result = false;
String number = contactBean.getPhoneNumber();
if (number == null || number.equals("")) return false;
ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();
Cursor cursor = resolver.query(dataUri, new String[]{ContactsContract.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID}, "data1 = ? and mimetype_id = 5",
new String[]{number}, null);
if (cursor == null) return false;
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int rawContactId = cursor.getInt(0); //获取到用户的rawContactId
Log.e(TAG, "updateContact: rawId = " + rawContactId);
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.FAMILY_NAME, "");
values.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.MIDDLE_NAME, "");
values.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, contactBean.getName());
values.put(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.DISPLAY_NAME, contactBean.getAlias());
int updateResult = resolver.update(dataUri, values, "mimetype = ? and raw_contact_id = ?",
new String[]{ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE, rawContactId + ""});
Log.e(TAG, "updateContact: name update result = " + updateResult);
}
return result;
}我在项目中就这么使用的，想要理解透彻，各位还需要自己领悟，我能力有限，到此为止
