很简单的一次尝试。
售票的机器类
public class TicketSell implements Runnable{ private volatile int number = 10; //第四次尝试去掉了volatile @Override public void run() { while (number > 0) { sold(); } } public synchronized void sold(){ //只有第三次的时候加了synchronized if (number > 0) { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"sold "+number); number--; } } }
售票主函数
public class TicketMain { public static void main(String[] args) { TicketSell thread = new TicketSell(); TicketSell thread2 = new TicketSell(); Thread t1 = new Thread(thread); Thread t2 = new Thread(thread); t1.setName("t1"); t2.setName("t2"); t1.start(); t2.start(); } }
第一次:
使用thread和thread1对象 两个线程分别跑起来,把thread对象和thread1对象传进去,相当于两个机器分别卖各自的票,各自有10张票
运行结果:
t2 sold 10 t2 sold 9 t1 sold 10 t2 sold 8 t1 sold 9 t2 sold 7 t1 sold 8 t2 sold 6 t1 sold 7 t2 sold 5 t1 sold 6 t1 sold 5 t1 sold 4 t1 sold 3 t1 sold 2 t1 sold 1 t2 sold 4 t2 sold 3 t2 sold 2 t2 sold 1 Process finished with exit code 0
互相不受影响,按照10-1顺序减下来
第二次:
然后将thread都传进t1和t2,类似于一个售票机分身两个(这样好理解?)然后类似于同时工作
运行结果是这样的(可能还有很神奇的负数或者0出现,因为出现了竞态条件)
t2 sold 10 t1 sold 10 t2 sold 9 t1 sold 8 t2 sold 7 t1 sold 6 t2 sold 5 t2 sold 3 t1 sold 4 t2 sold 2 t1 sold 1 Process finished with exit code 0
第三次:
加上了synchronized之后,就实现了正常的效果
t1 sold 10 t1 sold 9 t1 sold 8 t1 sold 7 t1 sold 6 t2 sold 5 t2 sold 4 t2 sold 3 t2 sold 2 t2 sold 1 Process finished with exit code 0
第四次:
volatile
作用:用于状态的存放,共享,确保变量的更新操作通知到其他线程。
前面几次都是在volatile变量使得可见性得到确保 然后不会出现这样的情况
t2 sold 10
t1 sold 10
t2 sold 9
t2 sold 7
t2 sold 6
t2 sold 5
t2 sold 4
t2 sold 3
t2 sold 2
t2 sold 1
t1 sold 8
Process finished with exit code 0
t1最后还在卖8号票 说明可见性出现了问题。