Mybatis 多表查询 和 注解开发

1.Mybatis多表查询

1.1 一对一查询

1.1.1 一对一查询的模型

用户表和订单表的关系为,一个用户有多个订单,一个订单只从属于一个用户
一对一查询的需求:查询一个订单,与此同时查询出该订单所属的用户

1.1.2一对一查询的语句

对应的sql语句:select * from orders o,user u where o.uid=u.id;
查询的结果如下:

1.1.3 创建Order和User实体

public class Order {
    private int id;
    private Date ordertime;
    private double total;
​
    //代表当前订单从属于哪一个客户
    private User user;
}

public class User {
    
    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Date birthday;}

1.1.4 创建OrderMapper接口

public interface OrderMapper {
    List<Order> findAll();
}

1.1.5 配置OrderMapper.xml

<mapper namespace="com.itheima.mapper.OrderMapper">
    <resultMap id="orderMap" type="com.itheima.domain.Order">
        <!--手动指定字段与实体属性的映射关系
            column:数据表的字段名称
            property:实体的属性名称
            属于order的属性  会自动封装
        -->
        <result column="uid" property="user.id"></result>
        <result column="username" property="user.username"></result>
        <result column="password" property="user.password"></result>
        <result column="birthday" property="user.birthday"></result>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="orderMap">
        select * from orders o,user u where o.uid=u.id
    </select>
</mapper>

其中还可以配置如下:

<resultMap id="orderMap" type="com.itheima.domain.Order">
    <result property="id" column="id"></result>
    <result property="ordertime" column="ordertime"></result>
    <result property="total" column="total"></result>
    <!--
            property 代表的当前实体类(Order)的属性名 private User user;
            javaType 当前实体类(Order)的属性类型 User(有别名)
    -->
    <association property="user" javaType="com.itheima.domain.User">
      <!--  <id column="uid" property="id"></id>  主键这样写 -->
        <result column="uid" property="id"></result>
        <result column="username" property="username"></result>
        <result column="password" property="password"></result>
        <result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result>
    </association>
</resultMap>

1.1.6 测试结果

OrderMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrderMapper.class);
List all = mapper.findAll();
for(Order order : all){
System.out.println(order);
}

1.2 一对多查询

1.2.1 一对多查询的模型

用户表和订单表的关系为,一个用户有多个订单,一个订单只从属于一个用户
一对多查询的需求:查询一个用户,与此同时查询出该用户具有的订单

1.2.2 一对多查询的语句

对应的sql语句:select *,o.id oid from user u left join orders o on u.id=o.uid;
查询的结果如下:

1.2.3 修改User实体

public class Order {
​
    private int id;
    private Date ordertime;
    private double total;
​
    //代表当前订单从属于哪一个客户
    private User user;
}

public class User {
    
    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Date birthday;
    //代表当前用户具备哪些订单
    private List<Order> orderList;
}

1.2.4 创建UserMapper接口

public interface UserMapper {
    List<User> findAll();
}

1.2.5 配置UserMapper.xml

<mapper namespace="com.itheima.mapper.UserMapper">
    <resultMap id="userMap" type="com.itheima.domain.User">
        <result column="id" property="id"></result>
        <result column="username" property="username"></result>
        <result column="password" property="password"></result>
        <result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result>
        <collection property="orderList" ofType="com.itheima.domain.Order">
            <result column="oid" property="id"></result>
            <result column="ordertime" property="ordertime"></result>
            <result column="total" property="total"></result>
        </collection>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap">
        select *,o.id oid from user u left join orders o on u.id=o.uid
    </select>
</mapper>

1.2.6 测试结果

UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> all = mapper.findAll();
for(User user : all){
    System.out.println(user.getUsername());
    List<Order> orderList = user.getOrderList();
    for(Order order : orderList){
        System.out.println(order);
    }
    System.out.println("----------------------------------");
}

1.3 多对多查询

1.3.1 多对多查询的模型

用户表和角色表的关系为,一个用户有多个角色,一个角色被多个用户使用
多对多查询的需求:查询用户同时查询出该用户的所有角色

1.3.2 多对多查询的语句

对应的sql语句:select u.,r.,r.id rid from user u left join user_role ur on u.id=ur.user_id
inner join role r on ur.role_id=r.id;
查询的结果如下:

1.3.3 创建Role实体,修改User实体

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Date birthday;
    //代表当前用户具备哪些订单
    private List<Order> orderList;
    //代表当前用户具备哪些角色
    private List<Role> roleList;
}
public class Role {
​
    private int id;
    private String rolename;}

1.3.4 添加UserMapper接口方法

List<User> findAllUserAndRole();

1.3.5 配置UserMapper.xml

<resultMap id="userRoleMap" type="com.itheima.domain.User">
    <result column="id" property="id"></result>
    <result column="username" property="username"></result>
    <result column="password" property="password"></result>
    <result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result>
    <collection property="roleList" ofType="com.itheima.domain.Role">
        <result column="rid" property="id"></result>
        <result column="rolename" property="rolename"></result>
    </collection>
</resultMap>
<select id="findAllUserAndRole" resultMap="userRoleMap">
    select u.*,r.*,r.id rid from user u left join user_role ur on u.id=ur.user_id
    inner join role r on ur.role_id=r.id
</select>

1.3.6 测试结果

UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> all = mapper.findAllUserAndRole();
for(User user : all){
    System.out.println(user.getUsername());
    List<Role> roleList = user.getRoleList();
    for(Role role : roleList){
        System.out.println(role);
    }
    System.out.println("----------------------------------");
}

1.4 知识小结

MyBatis多表配置方式:
一对一配置:使用做配置
一对多配置:使用+做配置
多对多配置:使用+做配置

2.Mybatis的注解开发

2.1 MyBatis的常用注解

这几年来注解开发越来越流行,Mybatis也可以使用注解开发方式,这样我们就可以减少编写Mapper
映射文件了。我们先围绕一些基本的CRUD来学习,再学习复杂映射多表操作。
@Insert:实现新增
@Update:实现更新
@Delete:实现删除
@Select:实现查询
@Result:实现结果集封装
@Results:可以与@Result 一起使用,封装多个结果集
@One:实现一对一结果集封装
@Many:实现一对多结果集封装

2.2 MyBatis的增删改查

我们完成简单的user表的增删改查的操作

private UserMapper userMapper;
​
@Before
public void before() throws IOException {
    InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
    SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new 
                 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
    SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
    userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
}
​
@Test
public void testAdd() {
    User user = new User();
    user.setUsername("测试数据");
    user.setPassword("123");
    user.setBirthday(new Date());
    userMapper.add(user);
}
@Test
public void testUpdate() throws IOException {
    User user = new User();
    user.setId(16);
    user.setUsername("测试数据修改");
    user.setPassword("abc");
    user.setBirthday(new Date());
    userMapper.update(user);
}
​
@Test
public void testDelete() throws IOException {
    userMapper.delete(16);
}
@Test
public void testFindById() throws IOException {
    User user = userMapper.findById(1);
    System.out.println(user);
}
@Test
public void testFindAll() throws IOException {
    List<User> all = userMapper.findAll();
    for(User user : all){
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}

修改MyBatis的核心配置文件,我们使用了注解替代的映射文件,所以我们只需要加载使用了注解的Mapper接口即可

<mappers>
    <!--扫描使用注解的类-->
    <mapper class="com.itheima.mapper.UserMapper"></mapper>
</mappers>
或者指定扫描包含映射关系的接口所在的包也可以
<mappers>
    <!--扫描使用注解的类所在的包-->
    <package name="com.itheima.mapper"></package>
</mappers>

2.3 MyBatis的注解实现复杂映射开发

实现复杂关系映射之前我们可以在映射文件中通过配置来实现,使用注解开发后,我们可以使用@Results注解,@Result注解,@One注解,@Many注解组合完成复杂关系的配置

2.4 一对一查询

2.4.1 一对一查询的模型

用户表和订单表的关系为,一个用户有多个订单,一个订单只从属于一个用户
一对一查询的需求:查询一个订单,与此同时查询出该订单所属的用户

2.4.2 一对一查询的语句

对应的sql语句:
select * from orders;

select * from user where id=查询出订单的uid;
查询的结果如下:

2.4.3 创建Order和User实体

public class Order {
​
    private int id;
    private Date ordertime;
    private double total;
​
    //代表当前订单从属于哪一个客户
    private User user;
}
​
public class User {
    
    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Date birthday;}

2.4.4 创建OrderMapper接口

public interface OrderMapper {
List findAll();
}

2.4.5 使用注解配置Mapper

方式1

在这里插入图片描述
方式2
在这里插入图片描述

public interface OrderMapper {
    @Select("select * from orders")
    @Results({
            @Result(id=true,property = "id",column = "id"),
            @Result(property = "ordertime",column = "ordertime"),
            @Result(property = "total",column = "total"),
            @Result(property = "user",column = "uid",
                    javaType = User.class,
                    one = @One(select = "com.itheima.mapper.UserMapper.findById"))
    })
    List<Order> findAll();
}
public interface UserMapper {
​
    @Select("select * from user where id=#{id}")
    User findById(int id);
    
}

2.4.6 测试结果

@Test
public void testSelectOrderAndUser() {
    List<Order> all = orderMapper.findAll();
    for(Order order : all){
        System.out.println(order);
    }
}

2.5 一对多查询

2.5.1 一对多查询的模型

用户表和订单表的关系为,一个用户有多个订单,一个订单只从属于一个用户
一对多查询的需求:查询一个用户,与此同时查询出该用户具有的订单

2.5.2 一对多查询的语句

对应的sql语句:
select * from user;

select * from orders where uid=查询出用户的id;
查询的结果如下:

2.5.3 修改User实体

public class Order {
​
    private int id;
    private Date ordertime;
    private double total;
​
    //代表当前订单从属于哪一个客户
    private User user;
}
public class User {
    
    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Date birthday;
    //代表当前用户具备哪些订单
    private List<Order> orderList;
}

2.5.4 创建UserMapper接口

List<User> findAllUserAndOrder();

2.5.5 使用注解配置Mapper

public interface UserMapper {
    @Select("select * from user")
    @Results({
            @Result(id = true,property = "id",column = "id"),
            @Result(property = "username",column = "username"),
            @Result(property = "password",column = "password"),
            @Result(property = "birthday",column = "birthday"),
            @Result(property = "orderList",column = "id",
                    javaType = List.class,
                    many = @Many(select = "com.itheima.mapper.OrderMapper.findByUid"))
    })
    List<User> findAllUserAndOrder();
}
public interface OrderMapper {
    @Select("select * from orders where uid=#{uid}")
    List<Order> findByUid(int uid);}

2.5.6 测试结果

List<User> all = userMapper.findAllUserAndOrder();
for(User user : all){
    System.out.println(user.getUsername());
    List<Order> orderList = user.getOrderList();
    for(Order order : orderList){
        System.out.println(order);
    }
    System.out.println("-----------------------------");
}

2.6 多对多查询

2.6.1 多对多查询的模型

用户表和角色表的关系为,一个用户有多个角色,一个角色被多个用户使用
多对多查询的需求:查询用户同时查询出该用户的所有角色

2.6.2 多对多查询的语句

对应的sql语句:
select * from user;

select * from role r,user_role ur where r.id=ur.role_id and ur.user_id=用户的id
查询的结果如下:

2.6.3 创建Role实体,修改User实体

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Date birthday;
    //代表当前用户具备哪些订单
    private List<Order> orderList;
    //代表当前用户具备哪些角色
    private List<Role> roleList;
}
​
public class Role {
​
    private int id;
    private String rolename;}

2.6.4 添加UserMapper接口方法

List findAllUserAndRole();

2.6.5 使用注解配置Mapper

public interface UserMapper {
    @Select("select * from user")
    @Results({
        @Result(id = true,property = "id",column = "id"),
        @Result(property = "username",column = "username"),
        @Result(property = "password",column = "password"),
        @Result(property = "birthday",column = "birthday"),
        @Result(property = "roleList",column = "id",
                javaType = List.class,
                many = @Many(select = "com.itheima.mapper.RoleMapper.findByUid"))
})
List<User> findAllUserAndRole();}
​
​
​
public interface RoleMapper {
    @Select("select * from role r,user_role ur where r.id=ur.role_id and ur.user_id=#{uid}")
    List<Role> findByUid(int uid);
}

2.6.6 测试结果

UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> all = mapper.findAllUserAndRole();
for(User user : all){
    System.out.println(user.getUsername());
    List<Role> roleList = user.getRoleList();
    for(Role role : roleList){
        System.out.println(role);
    }
    System.out.println("----------------------------------");
}
发布了31 篇原创文章 · 获赞 8 · 访问量 1536

猜你喜欢

转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_37126480/article/details/103619573