【PAT A1055】 The World's Richest

1055 The World’s Richest （25 分）
Forbes magazine publishes every year its list of billionaires based on the annual ranking of the world’s wealthiest people. Now you are supposed to simulate this job, but concentrate only on the people in a certain range of ages. That is, given the net worths of N people, you must find the M richest people in a given range of their ages.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line contains 2 positive integers: N (≤10​5​​) - the total number of people, and K (≤10​3​​) - the number of queries. Then N lines follow, each contains the name (string of no more than 8 characters without space), age (integer in (0, 200]), and the net worth (integer in [−10​6​​,10​6​​]) of a person. Finally there are K lines of queries, each contains three positive integers: M (≤100) - the maximum number of outputs, and [Amin, Amax] which are the range of ages. All the numbers in a line are separated by a space.
Output Specification:
For each query, first print in a line Case #X: where X is the query number starting from 1. Then output the M richest people with their ages in the range [Amin, Amax]. Each person’s information occupies a line, in the format
Name Age Net_Worth
The outputs must be in non-increasing order of the net worths. In case there are equal worths, it must be in non-decreasing order of the ages. If both worths and ages are the same, then the output must be in non-decreasing alphabetical order of the names. It is guaranteed that there is no two persons share all the same of the three pieces of information. In case no one is found, output None.

Sample Input:

12 4
Zoe_Bill 35 2333
Bob_Volk 24 5888
Anny_Cin 95 999999
Williams 30 -22
Cindy 76 76000
Alice 18 88888
Joe_Mike 32 3222
Michael 5 300000
Rosemary 40 5888
Dobby 24 5888
Billy 24 5888
Nobody 5 0
4 15 45
4 30 35
4 5 95
1 45 50

Sample Output:

Case #1:
Alice 18 88888
Billy 24 5888
Bob_Volk 24 5888
Dobby 24 5888
Case #2:
Joe_Mike 32 3222
Zoe_Bill 35 2333
Williams 30 -22
Case #3:
Anny_Cin 95 999999
Michael 5 300000
Alice 18 88888
Cindy 76 76000
Case #4:
None

#include <stdio.h>
#include <cstring>
#include "algorithm"

using namespace std;
struct person {
    char name[10];
    int age, worth;
} ps[10010], valid[10010];

//valid 在各自年龄段财富值在100名以内
bool cmp(person a, person b) {
    if (a.worth != b.worth)
        return a.worth > b.worth;
    else if (a.age != b.age)
        return a.age < b.age;
    else
        return strcmp(a.name, b.name) < 0; //按照字典序从小到大排序
    //strcmp 如果1小于2则返回负数
}

int main() {
    int n, k, age[10010] = {0}, agenum = 0;//各年龄段人数
//k:查询次数
    scanf("%d%d", &n, &k);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        scanf("%s%d%d", ps[i].name, &ps[i].age, &ps[i].worth);

    }
//排序
    sort(ps, ps + n, cmp);
//筛选在各自年龄段财富值在100名以内的人
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (age[ps[i].age] < 100) {
            age[ps[i].age]++;
            valid[agenum++] = ps[i];//筛选
        }
    }
    int m, agel, ager;
    for (int i = 1; i <= k; i++) {
        scanf("%d%d%d", &m, &agel, &ager);
        printf("Case #%d:\n", i);
        int printNum = 0;//已输出人数
        for (int j = 0; j < agenum && printNum < m; j++) {
            if (valid[j].age <= ager && valid[j].age >= agel) {
                printf("%s %d %d\n", valid[j].name, valid[j].age, valid[j].worth);
                printNum++;
            }
        }
        if (printNum == 0) {
            printf("NONE\n");
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

测试结果：