Jetpack Compose是什么?
Jetpack Compose 是安卓用于构建UI的一种新方式,采用代码而非xml文件方式,写法与Flutter非常相似。
官方主页:https://developer.android.google.cn/jetpack/compose
官方Demo:https://github.com/android/compose-samples/tree/master/JetNews
官方入门指导: https://developer.android.google.cn/jetpack/compose/tutorial
约束条件
- Android Studio: 4.0及以上
- 支持安卓版本:Android API 21(即5.0)及以上
- 必须使用kotlin语言
优点
-
代码更少
少了xml,少了activity和xml之间的关联.
-
双向绑定
数据变化了,UI就自动变化.
缺点
- 含有参数的Composable函数不能直接预览.
- Composable函数必须添加@Preview注解才能预览.
- 代码修改后,需要重新编译才能预览.
- 目前还不完善,相比于Flutter,还处于幼儿园水平.
- 相比于xml画页面布局,效率会有降低.
常见控件使用样例
1. 文本显示
Text(text = "众鸟高飞尽,孤云独去闲。相看两不厌,只有敬亭山。")
2. 文本输入框
val state = +state { "Text Field to input" }
TextField(
value = state.value,
onValueChange = { state.value = it }
)
3. 按钮
Button(text = "咬我啊", onClick = { Log.v("test", "被咬了") })
4.弹出框
MaterialTheme {
Column {
val openDialog = +state { false }
Button("Click me", onClick = {
openDialog.value = true
})
if (openDialog.value) { AlertDialog( onCloseRequest = { openDialog.value = false }, title = { Text(text = "Alert Dialog Title") }, text = { Text("Alert Dialog content") }, confirmButton = { Button( "Confirm", onClick = { openDialog.value = false }) }, dismissButton = { Button( "Cancel", onClick = { openDialog.value = false }) }, buttonLayout = AlertDialogButtonLayout.Stacked ) } } }
5. 开关
MaterialTheme {
val checkedState = +state { true }
Switch(
checked = checkedState.value,
onCheckedChange = { checkedState.value = it }
)
}
6. 单选框
MaterialTheme {
RadioButton(selected = true,
onSelect = { }
)
}
7. 复选框
MaterialTheme {
val checkedState = +state { true }
Checkbox(
checked = checkedState.value,
onCheckedChange = { checkedState.value = it }
)
}
8. 单选框组
MaterialTheme {
val radioOptions = listOf("A", "B", "C")
val (selectedOption, onOptionSelected) = +state { radioOptions[0] } RadioGroup( options = radioOptions, selectedOption = selectedOption, onSelectedChange = onOptionSelected ) }
9.图片
Container(modifier = Height(300.dp) wraps Expanded) {
Clip(shape = RoundedCornerShape(4.dp)) {
DrawImage(+imageResource(R.drawable.img_0))
}
}
源代码
https://github.com/cxyzy1/Jetpack-Compose-Demos
推荐阅读:37岁老码农现身说法:那些年,我走过的弯路
作者:程序园中猿
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/4289c2271c95