Spring学习(三)——@PropertySource,@ImportResource,@Bean注解

@PropertySource注解是将配置文件中 的值赋值给POJO

项目结构如下

     

 一.创建一个Person.Java文件:

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;


import javax.validation.constraints.Email;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;


@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")   //将全局配置文件(application.properties或者application.yml中的person)赋值给该bean
//下面这个注解的作用获取配置文件中的值,可以加载多个配置文件,放在{}里面,classpath表示类路径 @PropertySource(value={"classpath:person.properties"}) @Validated //表明这个类中的数据赋值要进行数据效验 public class Person { private String lastName; private Integer age; private Boolean boss; private Map<String,Object> maps; private List<String> lists; public Map<String, Object> getMaps() { return maps; } public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) { this.maps = maps; } public List<String> getLists() { return lists; } public void setLists(List<String> lists) { this.lists = lists; } public Dog getDog() { return dog; } public void setDog(Dog dog) { this.dog = dog; } private Dog dog; @Override public String toString() { return "Person{" + "lastName='" + lastName + '\'' + ", age=" + age + ", boss=" + boss + ", maps=" + maps + ", lists=" + lists + ", dog=" + dog + '}'; } public String getLastName() { return lastName; } public void setLastName(String lastName) { this.lastName = lastName; } public Integer getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age; } public Boolean getBoss() { return boss; } public void setBoss(Boolean boss) { this.boss = boss; } }
dog类的如下:
package com.gan.springboot03.bean;

public class Dog {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Dog{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}
 
 
 创建一个person.properties文件,该文件的作用是给Person赋值
person.lastName=张三
person.age=12
person.birth=2017/2/2
persion.boss=true
person.maps.k1=v1
person.maps.k2=12
person.dog.name=dog
person.dog.age=15
 
 
在测试类中测试有没有获取到Person的值
package com.gan.springboot03;


import com.gan.springboot03.bean.Person;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;


@SpringBootTest
public class SpringBoot03ApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    public Person person;

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
        System.out.println(person);
    }

}
 
 

测试结果如下
 

 @@ImportResource注解是获取bean.xml配置文件

一般情况下,都是在applicationContext中配置bean组件,例如

在service包下创建一个HelloService类,类中的代码如下:

package com.gan.springboot03.service;

public class HelloService {
}

创建一个配置文件用来把HelloService组件放入spring容器中

 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="helloService" class="com.gan.springboot03.service.HelloService"></bean>
</beans>
 
 
在核心类中,引入该配置文件
/**
 * @improtResource注解也可以加入多个配置文件,不过在开发中写一个配置文件再配置,很麻烦
 * springboot推荐使用组件,既创建一个配置类
 */
@ImportResource(locations = {"classpath:bean.xml"})
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBoot03Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringBoot03Application.class, args);
    }

}
 
 
在测试类中测试
package com.gan.springboot03;


import com.gan.springboot03.bean.Person;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;


@SpringBootTest
public class SpringBoot03ApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    ApplicationContext ioc;

    /**
     * 该方法是用来判断@importSource注解,该注解的作用是导入Spring里的配置文件
     * 一般是加载在主配置类上,既启动类上
     */
    @Test
    public void helloService(){
        //判断是否含有helloService这个bean
        Boolean b=ioc.containsBean("helloService");
        System.out.println(b);
    }
 
 
 
测试结果如下,返回true
 

 @Bean注解是为了解决每创建一个bean,就创建一个Bean配置文件,再使用注解将配置文件引入到核心类中

再config包中创建一个类MyConfig,

package com.gan.springboot03.config;

import com.gan.springboot03.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * 配置类,用来加载Spring里面的配置文件
 * Configuration注解表明这是一个配置类
 */
@Configuration
public class MyConfig {

    /**
     * @Bean注解将方法的返回值添加到容器中,容器中这个组件默认的id就是方法名
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public HelloService helloService(){
        System.out.println("配置类给HelloService配置了一个组件");
        return new HelloService();
    }
}


核心类配置 如下:注解掉引入配置文件的那行代码
package com.gan.springboot03;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;

/**
 * @improtResource注解也可以加入多个配置文件,不过在开发中写一个配置文件再配置,很麻烦
 * springboot推荐使用组件,既创建一个配置类
 */
//@ImportResource(locations = {"classpath:bean.xml"})
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBoot03Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringBoot03Application.class, args);
    }

}
 
 
测试类如下:
package com.gan.springboot03;


import com.gan.springboot03.bean.Person;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;


@SpringBootTest
public class SpringBoot03ApplicationTests {
   
    @Autowired
    ApplicationContext ioc;

    /**
     * 该方法是用来判断@importSource注解,该注解的作用是导入Spring里的配置文件
     * 一般是加载在主配置类上,既启动类上
     */
    @Test
    public void helloService(){
        //判断是否含有helloService这个bean
        Boolean b=ioc.containsBean("helloService");
        System.out.println(b);
    }
}
 
 
测试结果如下:返回一个true
 
 










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转载自www.cnblogs.com/zhilili/p/12376411.html