前言：这是一个《python3网络爬虫实战开发》的项目，无奈今日头条进行了更新，导致作者的源代码不可用。这里对bug进行了修复，更改。
修改条目：
- 添加的cookies等头文件，使今日头条返回数据不为空。
- 修复了爬取到的街拍图为小图的bug（有的街拍图的大图和小图的替换规则是不一样的，源代码里分了两种情况进行操作）。
源代码：
import requests
from urllib.parse import urlencode
# requests内置的状态码，可判断url响应是否正确
from requests import codes
import os
from hashlib import md5
from multiprocessing.pool import Pool
import re
def get_page(offset):
# 必须的头请求头信息
headers = {
'cookie': 'tt_webid=6667396596445660679; csrftoken=3a212e0c06e7821650315a4fecf47ac9; tt_webid=6667396596445660679; WEATHER_CITY=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC; UM_distinctid=16b846003e03d7-0dd00a2eb5ea11-353166-1fa400-16b846003e1566; CNZZDATA1259612802=2077267981-1561291030-https%253A%252F%252Fwww.baidu.com%252F%7C1561361230; __tasessionId=4vm71cznd1561363013083; sso_uid_tt=47d6f9788277e4e071f3825a3c36a294; toutiao_sso_user=e02fd616c83dff880adda691cd201aaa; login_flag=6859a0b8ffdb01687b00fe96bbeeba6e; sessionid=21f852358a845d783bdbe1236c9b385b; uid_tt=d40499ec45187c2d411cb7bf656330730d8c15a783bb6284da0f73104cd300a2; sid_tt=21f852358a845d783bdbe1236c9b385b; sid_guard="21f852358a845d783bdbe1236c9b385b|1561363028|15552000|Sat\054 21-Dec-2019 07:57:08 GMT"; s_v_web_id=6f40e192e0bdeb62ff50fca2bcdf2944',
'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.157 Safari/537.36',
'x-requested-with': 'XMLHttpRequest',
'referer': 'https://www.toutiao.com/search/?keyword=%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D',
}
# 获得的真是url必须的参数构造
params = {
'aid': '24',
'app_name': 'web_search',
'offset': offset,
'format': 'json',
'keyword': '街拍',
'autoload': 'true',
'count': '20',
'en_qc': '1',
'cur_tab': '1',
'from': 'search_tab',
'pd': 'synthesis',
}
# 真实url的起始url
base_url = 'https://www.toutiao.com/api/search/content/?'
# python内置库解码后的真实url
url = base_url + urlencode(params)
try:
resp = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
# 是正确的响应，即200
if 200 == resp.status_code:
return resp.json()
except requests.ConnectionError:
return None
def get_images(json):
# 街拍的总数据
if json.get('data'):
data = json.get('data')
for item in data:
if item.get('title') is None:
continue
title = re.sub('[\t]', '', item.get('title'))
images = item.get('image_list')
for image in images:
# 修复了url更改导致了爬取到的部分是小图的问题
for each in image.get('url'):
if each == 'x':
origin_image = re.sub("list/190x124", "large", image.get('url'))
break
else:
origin_image = re.sub("list", "large", image.get('url'))
yield {
'image': origin_image,
'title': title
}
def save_image(item):
# 文件保存的相对路径
img_path = 'Jie_Pai' + os.path.sep + item.get('title')
if not os.path.exists(img_path):
os.makedirs(img_path)
try:
# 下载真实图片
resp = requests.get(item.get('image'))
# 内置状态码，判断响应是否正确
if codes.ok == resp.status_code:
file_path = img_path + os.path.sep + '{file_name}.{file_suffix}'.format(
# 图片内容的md5值，避免重复
file_name=md5(resp.content).hexdigest(),
file_suffix='jpg')
if not os.path.exists(file_path):
with open(file_path, 'wb') as f:
f.write(resp.content)
print('Downloaded image path is %s' % file_path)
else:
print('Already Downloaded', file_path)
# 报错
except Exception as e:
print(e)
def main(offset):
# 以什么倍数来增长
json = get_page(offset)
for item in get_images(json):
save_image(item)
GROUP_START = 0
GROUP_END = 7
if __name__ == '__main__':
pool = Pool()
groups = ([x * 20 for x in range(GROUP_START, GROUP_END + 1)])
pool.map(main, groups)
pool.close()
pool.join()成果图：
