解决[WinError 87] pip自动安装不成功问题

pip 安装模块报错：[WinError 87]

C:\>pip install matplotlib
Collecting matplotlib
ERROR: Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError: [WinError 87] The parameter is incorrect

解决办法：手动安装包

步骤：

1. 确认系统版本与所用Python版本：

C:\Users\>python
Python 3.6.2 (v3.6.2:5fd33b5, Jul  8 2017, 04:57:36) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>

本人系统如上：Python 3.6.2 AMD64

2. 下载对应版本matplotlib

为方便下载已将本人系统对应版本上传资源：matplotlib
如需其他版本可到国内源下载，如清华源：清华pip源

3. 下载后安装whl文件

PS C:\Users\Downloads> python -m pip install --user .\matplotlib-3.1.2-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl
Processing c:\users\downloads\matplotlib-3.1.2-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.11 in c:\users\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages (from matplotlib==3.1.2) (1.17.4)
Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.1 in c:\users\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages (from matplotlib==3.1.2) (2.8.0)
Collecting kiwisolver>=1.0.1
ERROR: Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError: [WinError 87] The parameter is incorrect

在自动安装kiwisolver时候报错。

4. 手动安装kiwisolver（同样我也传好我的对应版本）

PS C:\Users\Downloads> python -m pip install --user .\kiwisolver-1.1.0-cp36-none-win_amd64.whl
Processing c:\users\downloads\kiwisolver-1.1.0-cp36-none-win_amd64.whl
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in c:\users\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages (from kiwisolver==1.1.0) (39.0.1)
Installing collected packages: kiwisolver
Successfully installed kiwisolver-1.1.0

安装kiwisolver成功

5.再次安装matplotlib：

PS C:\Users\Downloads> python -m pip install --user .\matplotlib-3.1.2-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl
Processing c:\users\downloads\matplotlib-3.1.2-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl
Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.1 in c:\users\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages (from matplotlib==3.1.2) (2.8.0)
Collecting cycler>=0.10
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f7/d2/e07d3ebb2bd7af696440ce7e754c59dd546ffe1bbe732c8ab68b9c834e61/cycler-0.10.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting pyparsing!=2.0.4,!=2.1.2,!=2.1.6,>=2.0.1
ERROR: Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError: [WinError 87] The parameter is incorrect

自动安装pyparsing的时候又出错

6. 所以还要手动安装pyparsing

PS C:\Users\Downloads> python -m pip install --user .\pyparsing-2.4.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Processing c:\users\downloads\pyparsing-2.4.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: pyparsing
Successfully installed pyparsing-2.4.5

成功安装pyparsing

7. 再安装matplotlib成功

PS C:\Users\Downloads> python -m pip install --user .\matplotlib-3.1.2-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl
Processing c:\users\downloads\matplotlib-3.1.2-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl
Requirement already satisfied: kiwisolver>=1.0.1 in c:\users\appdata\roaming\python\python36\site-packages (from matplotlib==3.1.2) (1.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.1 in c:\users\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages (from matplotlib==3.1.2) (2.8.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing!=2.0.4,!=2.1.2,!=2.1.6,>=2.0.1 in c:\users\appdata\roaming\python\python36\site-packages (from matplotlib==3.1.2) (2.4.5)
Collecting cycler>=0.10
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f7/d2/e07d3ebb2bd7af696440ce7e754c59dd546ffe1bbe732c8ab68b9c834e61/cycler-0.10.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.11 in c:\users\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages (from matplotlib==3.1.2) (1.17.4)
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in c:\users\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages (from kiwisolver>=1.0.1->matplotlib==3.1.2) (39.0.1)
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.5 in c:\users\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages (from python-dateutil>=2.1->matplotlib==3.1.2) (1.11.0)
Installing collected packages: cycler, matplotlib
Successfully installed cycler-0.10.0 matplotlib-3.1.2

9. 启动Python命令行测试，没有问题

>>> import matplotlib
>>>

总结：通过手动安装完成，缺少什么就手动安装什么。