Day9_Object_Oriented2

"""
面向对象进阶

Author:黄骏捷
Date:2019-09-29
"""
from builtins import print

"""
property装饰器
使用@property包装器来包装getter和setter方法，使得对属性的访问既安全又方便
"""
"""
class Person(object):
    def __init__(self,name):
        self._age = age

    #访问器 -getter
    @property
    def age(self):
        return self._age

    #修改器 -setter方法
    @age.setter
    def name(self,age):
        self._age = age

    def Hage(self):
        if self.age <= 16:
            print('我%d岁' % self._age)
        else:
            print('我成年了')

def main():
    person = Person(13)
    person.Hage()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
"""
"""
python是动态语言允许我们在程序运行时给对象绑定新的属性或方法，当然也可以对已经绑定的属性和方法进行解绑定。
但是如果我们需要限定自定义类型的对象只能绑定某些属性，可以通过在类中定义__slots__变量来进行限定。
需要注意的是__slots__的限定只对当前类的对象生效，对子类并不起任何作用。
"""

"""
class Person(object):

    # 限定Person对象只能绑定_name, _age和_gender属性
    __slots__ = ('_name', '_age', '_gender')

    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self._name = name
        self._age = age

    @property
    def name(self):
        return self._name

    @property
    def age(self):
        return self._age

    @age.setter
    def age(self, age):
        self._age = age

    def play(self):
        if self._age <= 16:
            print('%s正在玩飞行棋.' % self._name)
        else:
            print('%s正在玩斗地主.' % self._name)


def main():
    person = Person('王大锤', 22)
    person.play()
    person._gender = '男'
    # AttributeError: 'Person' object has no attribute '_is_gay'
    # person._is_gay = True

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
"""

"""
类之间的关系
多态与继承
"""
from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod


class Pet(object, metaclass=ABCMeta):
    """宠物"""

    def __init__(self, nickname):
        self._nickname = nickname

    @abstractmethod
    def make_voice(self):
        """发出声音"""
        pass


class Dog(Pet):
    """狗"""

    def make_voice(self):
        print('%s: 汪汪汪...' % self._nickname)


class Cat(Pet):
    """猫"""

    def make_voice(self):
        print('%s: 喵...喵...' % self._nickname)


def main():
    pets = [Dog('旺财'), Cat('凯蒂'), Dog('大黄')]
    for pet in pets:
        pet.make_voice()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()