一、创建项目和应用
在Pycharm中用Django模板创建一个工程文件
创建项目
python manage.py startproject 项目名 .
创建应用
python manage.py startapp 应用名二、配置项目名中的settings文件
#1、添加应用
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'blog', #将添加的应用添加在此处
]
#2、设置编码为中文
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-Hans' # 'en-us'
#3、设置时区
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai' #'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
#4、改为False时区才能生效
USE_TZ = False #True 完成上述步骤可以启动Django服务器看看能否运行出初始界面
python manage.py runserver三、添加数据模型
在应用程序（blog）的models.py文件中添加数据模型
from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
# Create your models here.
class BlogArticles(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=300)
author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="blog_posts")
body = models.TextField()
publish = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
class Meta:
ordering = ("-publish",)
def __str__(self):
return self.title数据模型添加后执行如下命令
python manage.py makemigrations接着执行数据迁移命令
python manage.py migrate四、创建超级用户
python manage.py createsuperuser
用户名：admin
邮箱：[email protected]
密码：django1234刷新浏览器，使用上述账号和密码进行登录
五、数据模型注册
在应用程序名（blog)下的admin.py中注册数据模型类
from django.contrib import admin
from .models import BlogArticles #导入数据模型类到当前文件夹
admin.site.register(BlogArticles) #将该类注册到admin中刷新浏览器，出现博客功能，优化数据注册模型：
from django.contrib import admin
from .models import BlogArticles #导入数据模型类到当前文件夹
class BlogArticlesAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = ("title", "author", "publish")
list_filter = ("publish", "author")
search_fields = ("title", "body")
# raw_id_fields = ("author") #这一句添加感觉有点问题，在后面刷新后重新写博客author哪儿不能选择了，造成博客生成不了，注释了即可
date_hierarchy = "publish"
ordering = ['-publish', 'author']
admin.site.register(BlogArticles, BlogArticlesAdmin) #将该类注册到admin中六、显示博客标题
（1）添加视图
在./blog/views.py文件中添加基于视图的函数（还有一种视图是基于类的视图）
from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import BlogArticles
def blog_title(request):
blogs = BlogArticles.objects.all()
return render(requset, "blog/titles.html", {"blogs": blogs})（2）添加模板
在templates中添加基础模板base.html文件，内容如下：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<title>{% block title %}{% endblock %}</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://github.com/necolas/normalize.css/blob/master/normalize.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
{% block content %}
{% endblock %}
</div>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</body>
</html> 在./templates/blog/下面创建titles.html， 添加如下内容：
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block title %}blog titles{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<div class="row text-center vertical-middle-sm">
<h1>我的博客</h1>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-xs-12 col-md-8">
<ul>
{% for blog in blogs %}
<li>{{ blog.title }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-md-4">
<h2>广告</h2>
<p>跟老齐学：www.itdiffer.com</p>
<img width="200px" src=" https://raw.githubusercontent.com/qiwsir/DjangoPracticeProject/master/python-book2.png">
</div>
</div>
{% endblock %}（3）配置路由
路由需要配置两个地方的路由
# 配置 ./mystie/urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
urlpatterns=[
path('admin/',admin.site.urls),
path('blog/', inclue('blog.urls'))
]
# 上面用到的blog.urls还没有创建在./blog/下创建urls.py 并添加如下内容：
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path('', views.blog_title), #此处将函数视图添加进来
]七、显示博客内容
（1）文章标题设置超链接
首先需要在titels.html中显示标题的部分做相应修改。即给标题添加超链接，如下：
{% for blog in blogs %}
<li>
<a href="{{blog.id}}">{{blog.title}}</a>
</li>
{% endfor %}（2）添加视图
编辑./blog/view.py，增加响应查看文章详情的请求函数blog_article()
def blog_article(request, article_id):
article = BlogArticles.objects.get(id=article_id)
pub = article.publish
return render(request, "blog/content.html", {"article":article, "publish":pub})（3）添加模板
在./templates/blog/下面创建content.html， 添加如下内容：
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block title %}blog article{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<div class="row text-center vertical-middle-sm">
<h1>{{article.title}}</h1>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-xs-12 col-md-8">
<p class="text-center">
<span>
{{article.author.username}}
</span>
<span style="margin-lefet:20px">
{{publish}}
</span>
</p>
<div>
{{article.body}
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-xs-6 col-md-4">
<h2>广告</h2>
<p>跟老齐学：www.itdiffer.com</p>
<img width="200px" src=" https://raw.githubusercontent.com/qiwsir/DjangoPracticeProject/master/python-book2.png">
</div>
</div>
{% endblock %}（4）配置路由
# ./mystie/urls.py 不需要修改
# ./blog/urls.py 添加博客内容也的路由
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path('', views.blog_title), #此处将函数视图添加进来
path('<int:article_id>', views.blog_article),
]（4）处理异常
from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404
from .models. import BlogArticles
def blog_article(request, article_id):
#article = BlogArticles.objects.get(id=article_id)
article = get_object_or_404(BlogArticles, id=article_id)
pub = article.publish
return render(request, "blog/content.html", {"article":article, "publish":pub})