CCPC-Wannafly Camp Day7 H 游戏(期望)

Description:

有1到n这些数字各一个。你用这些数字进行若干轮游戏。 对于每一轮,如果剩下的数字个数超过1个,那么就等概率随机选择两个剩下的数字删去。如果这两个数字互质,得一分。 重复以上操作直到没数字可以删除为止。请问最后期望得多少分?

输入格式

一行一个整数n (1≤n≤5000)。

输出格式

输出一个最简约数
​b

​a
​​ 表示答案。

输入样例

2

4

输出样例

1/1

5/3
题意很简单,在 n n 个数中选取 2 2 个一共有 n ( n 1 ) n*(n-1) 种,我们直接暴力统计 n n 内互质的一共有 c n t cnt 对,那么概率就是 c n t n ( n 1 ) \frac{cnt}{n*(n-1)} ,再乘上总数量就是答案,但是要保证成对所以总数量为 ( n / 2 ) 2 (n/2)*2

AC代码:

#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iomanip>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
#define sd(n) scanf("%d", &n)
#define sdd(n, m) scanf("%d%d", &n, &m)
#define sddd(n, m, k) scanf("%d%d%d", &n, &m, &k)
#define pd(n) printf("%d\n", (n))
#define pdd(n, m) printf("%d %d\n", n, m)
#define pld(n) printf("%lld\n", n)
#define pldd(n, m) printf("%lld %lld\n", n, m)
#define sld(n) scanf("%lld", &n)
#define sldd(n, m) scanf("%lld%lld", &n, &m)
#define slddd(n, m, k) scanf("%lld%lld%lld", &n, &m, &k)
#define sf(n) scanf("%lf", &n)
#define sff(n, m) scanf("%lf%lf", &n, &m)
#define sfff(n, m, k) scanf("%lf%lf%lf", &n, &m, &k)
#define rep(i, a, n) for (int i = a; i <= n; i++)
#define per(i, n, a) for (int i = n; i >= a; i--)
#define mem(a, n) memset(a, n, sizeof(a))
#define debug(x) cout << #x << ": " << x << endl
#define pb push_back
#define all(x) (x).begin(), (x).end()
#define fi first
#define se second
#define mod(x) ((x) % MOD)
#define gcd(a, b) __gcd(a, b)
#define lowbit(x) (x & -x)
typedef pair<int, int> PII;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
typedef long double ld;
const int MOD = 1e9 + 7;
const double eps = 1e-9;
const ll INF = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3fll;
const int inf = 0x3f3f3f3f;
inline int read()
{
    int ret = 0, sgn = 1;
    char ch = getchar();
    while (ch < '0' || ch > '9')
    {
        if (ch == '-')
            sgn = -1;
        ch = getchar();
    }
    while (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9')
    {
        ret = ret * 10 + ch - '0';
        ch = getchar();
    }
    return ret * sgn;
}
inline void Out(int a) //Êä³öÍâ¹Ò
{
    if (a > 9)
        Out(a / 10);
    putchar(a % 10 + '0');
}

ll gcd(ll a, ll b)
{
    return b == 0 ? a : gcd(b, a % b);
}

ll lcm(ll a, ll b)
{
    return a * b / gcd(a, b);
}
///快速幂m^k%mod
ll qpow(ll a, ll b, ll mod)
{
    if (a >= mod)
        a = a % mod + mod;
    ll ans = 1;
    while (b)
    {
        if (b & 1)
        {
            ans = ans * a;
            if (ans >= mod)
                ans = ans % mod + mod;
        }
        a *= a;
        if (a >= mod)
            a = a % mod + mod;
        b >>= 1;
    }
    return ans;
}

// 快速幂求逆元
int Fermat(int a, int p) //费马求a关于b的逆元
{
    return qpow(a, p - 2, p);
}

///扩展欧几里得
ll exgcd(ll a, ll b, ll &x, ll &y)
{
    if (b == 0)
    {
        x = 1, y = 0;
        return a;
    }
    ll d = exgcd(b, a % b, x, y);
    ll z = x;
    x = y;
    y = z - y * (a / b);
    return d;
}

///中国剩余定理模板0
ll china(int a[], int b[], int n) //a[]为除数,b[]为余数
{
    ll M = 1, y, x = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) //算出它们累乘的结果
        M *= a[i];
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
        int w = M / a[i];
        ll tx = 0;
        ll t = exgcd(w, a[i], tx, y); //计算逆元
        x = (x + w * (b[i] / t) * x) % M;
    }
    return (x + M) % M;
}

int main()
{
    ll n, cnt = 0;
    sld(n);
    if (n == 1)
    {
        puts("0/1");
        return 0;
    }
    for (ll i = 1; i <= n; i++)
    {
        for (ll j = i + 1; j <= n; j++)
        {
            if (gcd(i, j) == 1)
            {
                cnt++;
            }
        }
    }
    ll z = cnt * (n / 2) * 2;
    ll m = n * (n - 1);
    ll g = gcd(z, m);
    z /= g;
    m /= g;
    printf("%lld/%lld", z, m);
    return 0;
}

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_43627087/article/details/104173026