【android学习笔记】高德地图的基础定位与地图显示

【概述】刚开始使用高德遇到的问题还真不少，结合网上一些案例，做了些汇总。

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【简单流程】1.获取key ->  2.androidStudio的配置 ->  3.使用

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【步骤一】获取key

地址：https://lbs.amap.com/dev/key/app

①获取SHA1，根据文档来就好了

文档地址：https://lbs.amap.com/faq/top/hot-questions/249

②获取AndroidManifest.xml配置文件的package

【步骤二】androidstudio的配置

①下载SDK开发包

扫描二维码关注公众号，回复： 8878035 查看本文章

地址：https://lbs.amap.com/api/android-location-sdk/download/

解压后把得到的jar包放在libs下--其他四个so文件放在src->main->jniLibs文件下

②配置androidstudio

1.在主工程的build.gradle文件配置dependencies

地址：https://lbs.amap.com/api/android-location-sdk/guide/create-project/android-studio-create-project

2.权限等的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="menu.bottombar.amap">

    <!-- 允许程序打开网络套接字 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <!-- 允许程序设置内置sd卡的写权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <!-- 允许程序获取网络状态 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
    <!-- 允许程序访问WiFi网络信息 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
    <!-- 允许程序读写手机状态和身份 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
    <!-- 用于进行网络定位 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    <!-- 用于访问GPS定位 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <!-- 用于获取wifi的获取权限，wifi信息会用来进行网络定位 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE" />
    <!-- 用于读取手机当前的状态 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
    <!-- 用于申请调用A-GPS模块 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS" />
    <!-- 获取运营商信息，用于支持提供运营商信息相关的接口 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
    <!-- 用于访问wifi网络信息，wifi信息会用于进行网络定位 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
    <!-- 这个权限用于获取wifi的获取权限，wifi信息会用来进行网络定位 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE" />
    <!-- 用于访问网络，网络定位需要上网 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <!-- 用于读取手机当前的状态 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
    <!-- 写入扩展存储，向扩展卡写入数据，用于写入缓存定位数据 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <service android:name="com.amap.api.location.APSService" />

        <meta-data
            android:name="com.amap.api.v2.apikey"
            android:value="de81fea4c5da9c5dfad5f9a90e7cd6c9"></meta-data>

        <activity android:name=".MapActivity"></activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

注：meta-data和service要写在application内。

【步骤三】高德地图SDK的使用

activity_main:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text_map"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="定位中......."
        android:textColor="@color/colorAccent"
        android:textSize="22dp" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn"
        android:layout_below="@id/text_map"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="35dp"
        android:text="查看地图"/>

</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity:

package menu.bottombar.amap;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.amap.api.location.AMapLocation;
import com.amap.api.location.AMapLocationClient;
import com.amap.api.location.AMapLocationClientOption;
import com.amap.api.location.AMapLocationListener;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements AMapLocationListener {
    private AMapLocationClient locationClient = null;
    private AMapLocationClientOption locationOption = null;
    private TextView textView;
    private String[] strMsg;

    private Button button;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        initView();
        textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_map);
        Location();
    }

    private void initView() {
        button=(Button)findViewById(R.id.btn);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,MapActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void onLocationChanged(AMapLocation loc) {
        if (null != loc) {
            Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage();
            msg.obj = loc;
            msg.what = GPSUtils.MSG_LOCATION_FINISH;
            mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
        }

    }

    Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
        public void dispatchMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
            switch (msg.what) {
                //定位完成
                case GPSUtils.MSG_LOCATION_FINISH:
                    String result = "";
                    try {
                        AMapLocation loc = (AMapLocation) msg.obj;
                        result = GPSUtils.getLocationStr(loc, 1);
                        strMsg = result.split(",");
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "定位成功", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                        textView.setText("地址：" + strMsg[0] + "\n" + "经    度：" + strMsg[1] + "\n" + "纬    度：" + strMsg[1]);
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "定位失败", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        };

    };

    public void Location() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        try {
            locationClient = new AMapLocationClient(this);
            locationOption = new AMapLocationClientOption();
            // 设置定位模式为低功耗模式
            locationOption.setLocationMode(AMapLocationClientOption.AMapLocationMode.Battery_Saving);
            // 设置定位监听
            locationClient.setLocationListener(this);
            locationOption.setOnceLocation(true);//设置为单次定位
            locationClient.setLocationOption(locationOption);// 设置定位参数
            // 启动定位
            locationClient.startLocation();
            mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(GPSUtils.MSG_LOCATION_START);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "定位失败", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    }

}

GPSUtils:

package menu.bottombar.amap;

import com.amap.api.location.AMapLocation;

public class GPSUtils {
        /**
         * 开始定位
         */
        public final static int MSG_LOCATION_START = 0;
        /**
         * 定位完成
         */
        public final static int MSG_LOCATION_FINISH = 1;
        /**
         * 停止定位
         */

        /**
         * 根据定位结果返回定位信息的字符串
         *
         * @return
         */
        public synchronized static String getLocationStr(AMapLocation location, final int index) {
            if (null == location) {
                return null;
            }
            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
            //errCode等于0代表定位成功，其他的为定位失败，具体的可以参照官网定位错误码说明
            if (location.getErrorCode() == 0) {
                sb.append("定位成功" + "\n");
                sb.append("定位类型: " + location.getLocationType() + "\n");
                sb.append("经    度    : " + location.getLongitude() + "\n");
                sb.append("纬    度    : " + location.getLatitude() + "\n");
                sb.append("精    度    : " + location.getAccuracy() + "米" + "\n");
                sb.append("提供者    : " + location.getProvider() + "\n");

                if (location.getProvider().equalsIgnoreCase(
                        android.location.LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)) {
                    // 以下信息只有提供者是GPS时才会有
                    sb.append("速    度    : " + location.getSpeed() + "米/秒" + "\n");
                    sb.append("角    度    : " + location.getBearing() + "\n");
                    // 获取当前提供定位服务的卫星个数
                    sb.append("星    数    : "
                            + location.getSatellites() + "\n");
                } else {
                    // 提供者是GPS时是没有以下信息的
                    sb.append("国    家    : " + location.getCountry() + "\n");
                    sb.append("省            : " + location.getProvince() + "\n");
                    sb.append("市            : " + location.getCity() + "\n");
                    sb.append("城市编码 : " + location.getCityCode() + "\n");
                    sb.append("区            : " + location.getDistrict() + "\n");
                    sb.append("区域 码   : " + location.getAdCode() + "\n");
                    sb.append("地    址    : " + location.getAddress() + "\n");
                    sb.append("兴趣点    : " + location.getPoiName() + "\n");
                    return (location.getAddress() + "," + location.getLongitude() + "," + location.getLatitude());
                }
            } else {
                //定位失败
                sb.append("定位失败" + "\n");
                sb.append("错误码:" + location.getErrorCode() + "\n");
                sb.append("错误信息:" + location.getErrorInfo() + "\n");
                sb.append("错误描述:" + location.getLocationDetail() + "\n");
                return sb.toString();
            }
            return sb.toString();
        }

}

测试结果：

地图查看的页面--activity_map：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MapActivity">

    <com.amap.api.maps.MapView
        android:id="@+id/map"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">

    </com.amap.api.maps.MapView>
</LinearLayout>

注：记得使用com.amap.api.maps.MapView

MapActivity:

(这里代码借鉴的https://blog.csdn.net/bai981002/article/details/78730044)

package menu.bottombar.amap;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.amap.api.location.AMapLocation;
import com.amap.api.location.AMapLocationClient;
import com.amap.api.location.AMapLocationClientOption;
import com.amap.api.location.AMapLocationListener;
import com.amap.api.maps.AMap;
import com.amap.api.maps.CameraUpdateFactory;
import com.amap.api.maps.LocationSource;
import com.amap.api.maps.MapView;
import com.amap.api.maps.UiSettings;
import com.amap.api.maps.model.LatLng;

public class MapActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements LocationSource, AMapLocationListener {
    //AMap是地图对象
    private AMap aMap;
    private MapView mapView;
    //声明AMapLocationClient类对象，定位发起端
    private AMapLocationClient mLocationClient = null;
    //声明mLocationOption对象，定位参数
    public AMapLocationClientOption mLocationOption = null;
    //声明mListener对象，定位监听器
    private OnLocationChangedListener mListener = null;
    //标识，用于判断是否只显示一次定位信息和用户重新定位
    private boolean isFirstLoc = true;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_map);
        //获取地图控件引用
        mapView = (MapView) findViewById(R.id.map);
        //在activity执行onCreate时执行mMapView.onCreate(savedInstanceState)，实现地图生命周期管理
        mapView.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        if (aMap == null) {
            aMap = mapView.getMap();
            //设置显示定位按钮 并且可以点击
            UiSettings settings = aMap.getUiSettings();
            aMap.setLocationSource(this);//设置了定位的监听
            // 是否显示定位按钮
            settings.setMyLocationButtonEnabled(true);
            aMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);//显示定位层并且可以触发定位,默认是flase
        }
        //开始定位
        location();
    }

    private void location() {
        //初始化定位
        mLocationClient = new AMapLocationClient(getApplicationContext());
        //设置定位回调监听
        mLocationClient.setLocationListener(this);
        //初始化定位参数
        mLocationOption = new AMapLocationClientOption();
        //设置定位模式为Hight_Accuracy高精度模式，Battery_Saving为低功耗模式，Device_Sensors是仅设备模式
        mLocationOption.setLocationMode(AMapLocationClientOption.AMapLocationMode.Hight_Accuracy);
        //设置是否返回地址信息（默认返回地址信息）
        mLocationOption.setNeedAddress(true);
        //设置是否只定位一次,默认为false
        mLocationOption.setOnceLocation(false);
        //设置是否强制刷新WIFI，默认为强制刷新
        mLocationOption.setWifiActiveScan(true);
        //设置是否允许模拟位置,默认为false，不允许模拟位置
        mLocationOption.setMockEnable(false);
        //设置定位间隔,单位毫秒,默认为2000ms
        mLocationOption.setInterval(2000);
        //给定位客户端对象设置定位参数
        mLocationClient.setLocationOption(mLocationOption);
        //启动定位
        mLocationClient.startLocation();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        //在activity执行onDestroy时执行mMapView.onDestroy()，实现地图生命周期管理
        mapView.onDestroy();
        mLocationClient.stopLocation();//停止定位
        mLocationClient.onDestroy();//销毁定位客户端。
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        //在activity执行onResume时执行mMapView.onResume ()，实现地图生命周期管理
        mapView.onResume();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        //在activity执行onPause时执行mMapView.onPause ()，实现地图生命周期管理
        mapView.onPause();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
        super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
        //在activity执行onSaveInstanceState时执行mMapView.onSaveInstanceState (outState)，实现地图生命周期管理
        mapView.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
    }

    @Override
    public void onLocationChanged(AMapLocation aMapLocation) {
        if (aMapLocation != null) {
            if (aMapLocation.getErrorCode() == 0) {
                //定位成功回调信息，设置相关消息
                aMapLocation.getLocationType();//获取当前定位结果来源，如网络定位结果，详见官方定位类型表
                aMapLocation.getLatitude();//获取纬度
                aMapLocation.getLongitude();//获取经度
                aMapLocation.getAccuracy();//获取精度信息
               /* SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
                Date date = new Date(aMapLocation.getTime());
                df.format(date);//定位时间*/
                aMapLocation.getAddress();//地址，如果option中设置isNeedAddress为false，则没有此结果，网络定位结果中会有地址信息，GPS定位不返回地址信息。
                aMapLocation.getCountry();//国家信息
                aMapLocation.getProvince();//省信息
                aMapLocation.getCity();//城市信息
                aMapLocation.getDistrict();//城区信息
                aMapLocation.getStreet();//街道信息
                aMapLocation.getStreetNum();//街道门牌号信息
                aMapLocation.getCityCode();//城市编码
                aMapLocation.getAdCode();//地区编码

                // 如果不设置标志位，此时再拖动地图时，它会不断将地图移动到当前的位置
                if (isFirstLoc) {
                    //设置缩放级别
                    aMap.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.zoomTo(17));
                    //将地图移动到定位点
                    aMap.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.changeLatLng(new LatLng(aMapLocation.getLatitude(), aMapLocation.getLongitude())));
                    //点击定位按钮 能够将地图的中心移动到定位点
                    mListener.onLocationChanged(aMapLocation);
                    //添加图钉
                    //  aMap.addMarker(getMarkerOptions(amapLocation));
                    //获取定位信息
                    StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
                    buffer.append(aMapLocation.getCountry() + ""
                            + aMapLocation.getProvince() + ""
                            + aMapLocation.getCity() + ""
                            + aMapLocation.getProvince() + ""
                            + aMapLocation.getDistrict() + ""
                            + aMapLocation.getStreet() + ""
                            + aMapLocation.getStreetNum());
                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), buffer.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    isFirstLoc = false;
                }


            } else {
                //显示错误信息ErrCode是错误码，errInfo是错误信息，详见错误码表。
                Log.e("AmapError", "location Error, ErrCode:"
                        + aMapLocation.getErrorCode() + ", errInfo:"
                        + aMapLocation.getErrorInfo());
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "定位失败", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        }
    }


    @Override
    public void activate(OnLocationChangedListener onLocationChangedListener) {
        mListener = onLocationChangedListener;
    }

    @Override
    public void deactivate() {
        mListener = null;
    }

}

实现页面：

Demo:https://download.csdn.net/download/gzyh_tech/10651383