查询CPU的信息
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ lscpu- 终端窗口就会打印出CPU的信息:
Architecture: armv7l
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 4
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3
Thread(s) per core: 1
Core(s) per socket: 4
Socket(s): 1
Vendor ID: ARM
Model: 3
Model name: Cortex-A72
Stepping: r0p3
CPU max MHz: 1500.0000
CPU min MHz: 600.0000
BogoMIPS: 108.00
Flags: half thumb fastmult vfp edsp neon vfpv3 tls vfpv4 idiva idivt vfpd32 lpae evtstrm crc32
可知，这个树莓派使用4核的ARM处理器，最高频率可以达到1500MHz。
查看内存使用情况
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ free -h- shell打印情况：
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 3.8Gi 503Mi 2.8Gi 144Mi 538Mi 3.1Gi
Swap: 99Mi 0B 99Mi
查看SD卡的存储情况
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo fdisk -l- 最后两行结果：
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/mmcblk0p1 8192 532479 524288 256M c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/mmcblk0p2 532480 60661759 60129280 28.7G 83 Linux
SD卡被分为两个分区，其中一个分区有256MB，专门用于树莓派的开机启动；另一个分区用于储存其他数据。
查找所有的USB外设
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ lsusb
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 046d:c31c Logitech, Inc. Keyboard K120
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 25a7:fa61
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 2109:3431 VIA Labs, Inc. Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
打印操作系统的信息
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ uname -a
Linux raspberrypi 4.19.75-v7l+ #1270 SMP Tue Sep 24 18:51:41 BST 2019 armv7l GNU/Linux
查看网络接口
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ ifconfig
eth0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether dc:a6:32:44:3d:69 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
wlan0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.0.103 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255
inet6 fe80::3757:3d57:76ca:23d3 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether dc:a6:32:44:3d:6a txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1002 bytes 722029 (705.1 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1003 bytes 175535 (171.4 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
其中，eth0代表以太网接口，wlan0代表WiFi接口，lo是虚拟出来的本地接口用于表示本机。
CPU温度
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ vcgencmd measure_temp- 返回摄氏温度
temp=49.0'C
测量树莓派的核心温度
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ vcgencmd measure_volts core- 返回电压值：
volt=0.8525V
