SpringMVC - RESTful 学习

什么是 RESTful ?

REST : Representational State Transfer (表述性状态转移)
REST并不是一种创新技术，它指的是一组架构约束条件和原则
符合REST的约束条件和原则的架构,就称它为RESTful架构

RESTful 核心内容

资源与URI
资源的表述
状态转移

RESTful 架构特点

统一了客户端访问资源的接口
url 更加简洁,易于理解,便于扩展.
有利于不同系统之间的资源共享

RESTful 风格概述

RESTful 具体来讲就是 HTTP 协议的四种形式表示四种基本操作

GET : 获取资源
POST : 新建资源
PUT : 修改资源
DELETE : 删除资源

RESTful开发风格：

查询课程: http://localhost:8080/id method='get'
添加课程: http://localhost:8080/course method= 'post'
删除课程: http://localhost:8080/id method='delete'
修改课程: http://localhost:8080/course method='put'

实战

springmvc.xml配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">

    <mvc:annotation-driven >
        <!-- 消息转换器 -->
        <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"></bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>

	<!-- 配置自动扫描 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.oym"></context:component-scan>

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

controller代码：

@Controller
public class CourseController {

    @Autowired
    private CourseDAO courseDAO;

    /**
     * 添加课程
     */
    @PostMapping(value = "/add")
    public String add(Course course){
        courseDAO.add(course);
        return "redirect:/getAll";
    }

    /**
     * 查询全部课程
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping(value = "/getAll")
    public ModelAndView getAll(){
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.setViewName("index");
        modelAndView.addObject("courses",courseDAO.getAll());
        return modelAndView;
    }

    /**
     * 通过id查询课程
     */
    @GetMapping(value = "/getById/{id}")
    public ModelAndView getById(@PathVariable(value = "id") int id){
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.setViewName("edit");
        modelAndView.addObject("course",courseDAO.getById(id));
        return modelAndView;
    }

    /**修改课程
     *
     */
    @PutMapping(value = "/update")
    public String update(Course course){
        courseDAO.update(course);
        return "redirect:/getAll";
    }

    /**
     * 删除课程
     */
    @DeleteMapping(value = "/delete/{id}")
    public String delete(@PathVariable(value = "id")  int id){
        courseDAO.deleteById(id);
        return "redirect:/getAll";
    }

}

显示信息页面 Index.jsp 实现：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<html>
<head>
    <title>课程列表</title>
    <link href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">

    <!-- 标题 -->
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-12">
            <h1>课程管理</h1>
        </div>
    </div>
    <!-- 显示表格数据 -->
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-12">
            <table class="table table-hover" id="emps_table">
                <thead>
                <tr>
                    <th>
                        <input type="checkbox" id="check_all"/>
                    </th>
                    <th>编号</th>
                    <th>课程名</th>
                    <th>价格</th>
                    <th>编辑</th>
                    <th>删除</th>
                </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                <c:forEach items="${courses}" var="course">
                    <tr>
                        <td><input type='checkbox' class='check_item'/></td>
                        <td>${course.id}</td>
                        <td>${course.name}</td>
                        <td>${course.price}</td>
                        <td>
                            <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/getById/${course.id}" method="get">
                                <button class="btn btn-primary btn-sm edit_btn" type="submit">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pencil">编辑</span>
                                </button>
                            </form>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/delete/${course.id}" method="post">
                                <button class="btn btn-danger btn-sm delete_btn" type="submit">
                                    <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE"/>
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-trash">删除</span>
                                </button>
                            </form>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                </c:forEach>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>

</div>
</body>
</html>

添加信息页面 add.jsp :

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>add</title>
    <link href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <style type="text/css">
        body{
            overflow-x:hidden;
        }
        #main{
            width:1200px;
            height:600px;
            margin-left:500px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>

<div id="main">
    <!-- 标题 -->
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-12">
            <h1>添加课程</h1>
        </div>
    </div>

    <form class="form-horizontal" role="form" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/add" method="post">
        <div class="form-group">
            <label class="col-sm-1 control-label">课程编号</label>
            <div class="col-sm-3">
                <input type="text" class="form-control" name="id" placeholder="请输入课程编号">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label class="col-sm-1 control-label">课程名称</label>
            <div class="col-sm-3">
                <input type="text" class="form-control" name="name" placeholder="请输入课程名称">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label class="col-sm-1 control-label">课程价格</label>
            <div class="col-sm-3">
                <input type="text" class="form-control" name="price" placeholder="请输入课程价格">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-sm-offset-1 col-sm-3">
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">提交</button>
            </div>
        </div>
    </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

编辑信息页面 edit.jsp :

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>add</title>
    <link href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <style type="text/css">
        body{
            overflow-x:hidden;
        }
        #main{
            width:1200px;
            height:600px;
            margin-left:500px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>

<div id="main">
    <!-- 标题 -->
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-12">
            <h1>修改课程</h1>
        </div>
    </div>

    <form class="form-horizontal" role="form" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/update" method="post">
        <div class="form-group">
            <label class="col-sm-1 control-label">课程编号</label>
            <div class="col-sm-3">
                <input type="text" value="${course.id}" name="id" readonly="readonly" class="form-control">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label class="col-sm-1 control-label">课程名称</label>
            <div class="col-sm-3">
                <input type="text" value="${course.name}" name="name" class="form-control">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label class="col-sm-1 control-label">课程价格</label>
            <div class="col-sm-3">
                <input type="text" value="${course.price}" name="price" class="form-control">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-sm-offset-1 col-sm-3">
                <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT"/>
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">提交</button>
            </div>
        </div>
    </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

实现的页面展示
注：实例只为了实现 Restful 功能，并未考虑一些数据安全检查问题等

Mr.OO

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SpringMVC - RESTful 学习

什么是 RESTful ?

RESTful 核心内容

RESTful 架构特点

RESTful 风格概述

实战

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