SpringMVC_RESTful CURD

一、RESTful CURD

1、显示所有员工信息
– URI:emps
– 请求方式:GET
– 显示效果

 2、添加所有员工的信息
• URI:emp
• 请求方式:POST
• 显示效果:完成添加,重定向到 list 页面。

3. 删除操作
– URL:emp/{id}
– 请求方式:DELETE
– 删除后效果:对应记录从数据表中删除
4. 修改操作:lastName 不可修改!
– 显示修改页面:
• URI:emp/{id}
• 请求方式:GET
• 显示效果:回显表单。
– 修改员工信息:
• URI:emp
• 请求方式:PUT
• 显示效果:完成修改,重定向到 list 页面。
 

二、开始编码

1、导入依赖

 <dependencies>
    <!--spring核心-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.12.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.12.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.12.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.12.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.12.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--aop-->
    <!--<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
        <version>4.3.12.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>-->

    <!--web-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.12.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.12.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--测试-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!--日志-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

2、配置web.xml 和 springmvc.xml

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <!--配置 HiddenHttpMethodFilter 作用是把 post请求转化为 put 和delete请求-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>


  <!--配置 DispatcherServlet -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath*:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>
    <!--配置自动扫描包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.smart"/>

    <!--配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

3、dao(静态数据,没有用数据库)和entity

@Repository
public class EmployeeDao {
    private static Map<Integer ,Employee> employees = null;

    @Autowired
    private DepartmentDao departmentDao;

    static {
        employees = new HashMap<Integer, Employee>();
        employees.put(1001, new Employee(1001, "E-AA", "[email protected]", 1, new Department(101, "D-AA")));
        employees.put(1002, new Employee(1002, "E-BB", "[email protected]", 1, new Department(102, "D-BB")));
        employees.put(1003, new Employee(1003, "E-CC", "[email protected]", 0, new Department(103, "D-CC")));
        employees.put(1004, new Employee(1004, "E-DD", "[email protected]", 0, new Department(104, "D-DD")));
        employees.put(1005, new Employee(1005, "E-EE", "[email protected]", 1, new Department(105, "D-EE")));
    }

    private static Integer initId = 1006;
    public void save(Employee employee){
        if (employee.getId()==null){
            employee.setId(initId++);
        }

        employee.setDepartment(departmentDao.getDepartment(employee.getDepartment().getId()));
        employees.put(employee.getId(),employee);
    }

    public void delete(Integer id){
        employees.remove(id);
    }
    public Collection<Employee> getAll(){
        return employees.values();
    }
    public Employee get(Integer id){
        return  employees.get(id);
    }
}
@Repository
public class DepartmentDao {

    private static Map<Integer,Department> departments = null;

    static {
        departments = new HashMap<Integer, Department>();
        departments.put(101, new Department(101, "D-AA"));
        departments.put(102, new Department(102, "D-BB"));
        departments.put(103, new Department(103, "D-CC"));
        departments.put(104, new Department(104, "D-DD"));
        departments.put(105, new Department(105, "D-EE"));
    }

    public Collection<Department> getDepartments(){
        return departments.values();
    }
    public Department getDepartment(Integer id){
        return departments.get(id);
    }

}

4、handler

@Controller
public class EmployeeHandler {
    @Autowired
    EmployeeDao employeeDao;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/emps")
    public String list(Map<String,Object> map){
        map.put("employees",employeeDao.getAll());
        return "list";
    }
}

5、jsp页面——list.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <c:if test="${empty employees}">
        没有任何员工信息
    </c:if>
    <c:if test="${not empty employees}">
        <table border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="10">
            <tr>
                <td>ID</td>
                <td>LastName</td>
                <td>Email</td>
                <td>Gender</td>
                <td>Department</td>
                <td>Edit</td>
                <td>Delete</td>
            </tr>
            <c:forEach items="${employees}" var="emp">
                <tr>
                    <td>${emp.id}</td>
                    <td>${emp.lastName}</td>
                    <td>${emp.email}</td>
                    <td>${emp.gender==0?"Female":"Male"}</td>
                    <td>${emp.department.departmentName}</td>
                    <td><a href="">Edit</a></td>
                    <td><a href="">Delete</a></td>
                </tr>
            </c:forEach>
        </table>
    </c:if>
</body>
</html>

启动项目之后发现页面无法显示 jstl 标签内容,原因是 maven 项目生成的 web.xml 页面的头有问题,修改头文件为:

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee 
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
 
    

然后就OK了,以上仅仅是查询操作。

6、剩余操作

input.jsp

<%@ page import="java.util.Map" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.HashMap" %><%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: ASUS
  Date: 2018/7/27
  Time: 13:16
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <%--
    1、为什么需要使用 form 标签?
    可以更加快速的开发出表单页面,而且可以更加方便的进行表单值的回显
    2、注意:
    可以通过ModelAttribute属性指定绑定的模型,
    若没有指定该属性,则默认从request 域对象中读取command 的表单的bean
    如果该属性值不存在,则会发生错误
    --%>
<form:form action="/emp" method="post" modelAttribute="employee">
    <%--path属性对应 html表单的name属性值--%>
    LastName:<form:input path="lastName"/>
    <br>
    Email:<form:input path="email"/>
    <br>
    <%
        Map<String,Object> genders = new HashMap<>();
        genders.put("1","Male");
        genders.put("0","Female");
        request.setAttribute("genders",genders);
    %>
    Gender:<form:radiobuttons path="gender" items="${genders}"/>
    <br>
    Department:<form:select path="department" items="${departments}"
                            itemLabel="departmentName" itemValue="id"></form:select>
    <br>
    <input type="submit" value="submit">

</form:form>
</body>
</html>

二、SpringMVC 的表单标签

通过SpringMVC 的表单标签可以实现将模型数据中的属性和HTML表单元素相绑定,以实现表单数据更便捷编辑和表单值的回显

1、form 标签

1)一般情况下,通过GET请求获取表单页面,而通过POST请求提交表单页面,因此获取表单页面和提交表单页面的URL是相同的。只要满足该最佳条件契约,<form:form> 标签就无需通过action 属性指定表单提交的URL。

2)可以通过ModelAttribute 属性指定绑定的模型属性,若没有指定该属性,则默认从request 域对象中读取command 的表单bean,如果该属性值也不存在,则会发生错误。

2、表单标签

1)SpringMVC 提供了多个表单组件标签,如<form:input/>、<form:select/> 等,用以绑定表单字段的属性值,它们的共有属性如下:
– path:表单字段,对应 html 元素的 name 属性,支持级联属性
– htmlEscape:是否对表单值的 HTML 特殊字符进行转换,默认值为 true
– cssClass:表单组件对应的 CSS 样式类名
– cssErrorClass:表单组件的数据存在错误时,采取的 CSS 样式

2)form:input、form:password、form:hidden、form:textarea:对应 HTML 表单的 text、password、hidden、textarea标签

3)form:radiobutton:单选框组件标签,当表单 bean 对应的属性值和 value 值相等时,单选框被选中

4)form:radiobuttons:单选框组标签,用于构造多个单选框
      – items:可以是一个 List、String[] 或 Map
      – itemValue:指定 radio 的 value 值。可以是集合中 bean 的一个属性值
      – itemLabel:指定 radio 的 label 值
      – delimiter:多个单选框可以通过 delimiter 指定分隔符

5) form:checkbox:复选框组件。用于构造单个复选框

6) form:checkboxs:用于构造多个复选框。使用方式同form:radiobuttons 标签

7) form:select:用于构造下拉框组件。使用方式同form:radiobuttons 标签

8) form:option:下拉框选项组件标签。使用方式同form:radiobuttons 标签

9) form:errors:显示表单组件或数据校验所对应的错误
       – <form:errors path= “ *” /> :显示表单所有的错误
       – <form:errors path= “ user*” /> :显示所有以 user 为前缀的属性对应的错误
       – <form:errors path= “ username” /> :显示特定表单对象属性的错误

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_30604989/article/details/81231503
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