本文以ADOX操作Access
1、在C#中新建AccessClass.cs文件，内容如下
1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.Linq;
4 using System.Text;
5 using System.Collections;
6 using System.IO; //包含File
7 using System.Data; //包含datatable
8 using System.Data.OleDb; //包含OleDbConnection
9 using System.Windows.Forms;
10
11 namespace CsharpAccess0903
12 {
13 public abstract class AccessClass
14 {
15 public static string myMdbPath;
16 public static string[] myTableName=new string[2];
17 public static ArrayList[] myMdbHead=new ArrayList[2];
18
19 //普通的节点
20 public struct Node
21 {
22 private string nodeType;
23 public string NodeType//表的字段名
24 {
25 set { nodeType = value; }
26 get { return nodeType; }
27 }
28
29 private string nodeValue;
30 public string NodeValue//具体的值
31 {
32 set { nodeValue = value; }
33 get { return nodeValue; }
34 }
35 }
36
37 //数据库初始化
38 public static bool MDBInit(string mdbPath, string[] tableName, ArrayList[] mdbHead, int tableNum)
39 {
40 //检测数据库是否存在，若不存在则创建数据库并创建数据表
41 if (!File.Exists(mdbPath))
42 {
43 CreateMDBDataBase(mdbPath);//创建mdb
44 for (int i = 0; i < tableNum; i++)
45 {
46 CreateMDBTable(mdbPath, tableName[i], mdbHead[i]);//创建数据表
47 }
48 }
49 myMdbPath = mdbPath;
50 for (int i = 0; i < tableNum; i++)
51 {
52 myTableName[i] = tableName[i].Clone().ToString();
53 }
54 for (int i = 0; i < tableNum; i++)
55 {
56 myMdbHead[i] = (ArrayList)mdbHead[i].Clone();
57 }
58 return true;
59 }
60
61 //创建mdb
62 public static bool CreateMDBDataBase(string mdbPath)
63 {
64 try
65 {
66 ADOX.CatalogClass cat = new ADOX.CatalogClass();
67 cat.Create("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + mdbPath + ";");
68 cat = null;
69 return true;
70 }
71 catch { return false; }
72 }
73
74 //新建mdb的表 //mdbHead是一个ArrayList，存储的是table表中的具体列名。
75 public static bool CreateMDBTable(string mdbPath, string tableName, ArrayList mdbHead)
76 {
77 try
78 {
79 ADOX.CatalogClass cat = new ADOX.CatalogClass();//=========================================//=====================================//
80 string sAccessConnection
81 = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + mdbPath;
82 ADODB.Connection cn = new ADODB.Connection();
83 cn.Open(sAccessConnection, null, null, -1);
84 cat.ActiveConnection = cn;
85
86 //新建一个表
87 ADOX.TableClass tbl = new ADOX.TableClass();
88 tbl.ParentCatalog = cat;
89 tbl.Name = tableName;
90
91 int size = mdbHead.Count;
92 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
93 {
94 //增加一个文本字段
95 ADOX.ColumnClass col2 = new ADOX.ColumnClass();
96 col2.ParentCatalog = cat;
97 col2.Name = mdbHead[i].ToString();//列的名称
98 col2.Properties["Jet OLEDB:Allow Zero Length"].Value = false;
99 tbl.Columns.Append(col2, ADOX.DataTypeEnum.adVarWChar, 500); //把列加入table
100 }
101 cat.Tables.Append(tbl); //这句把表加入数据库(非常重要)
102 tbl = null;
103 cat = null;
104 cn.Close();
105 return true;
106 }
107 catch { return false; }
108 }
109
110
111 // 读取mdb指定表的全部数据
112 public static DataTable ReadAllData(string tableName, string mdbPath, ref bool success)
113 {
114 DataTable dt = new DataTable();
115 try
116 {
117 DataRow dr;
118 //1、建立连接
119 string strConn
120 = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + mdbPath + ";Jet OLEDB:Database Password=";//创建数据库时未设用户及密码，不用提交密码即可操作数据库
121 OleDbConnection odcConnection = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
122 //2、打开连接
123 odcConnection.Open();
124 //建立SQL查询
125 OleDbCommand odCommand = odcConnection.CreateCommand();
126 //3、输入查询语句
127 odCommand.CommandText = "select * from " + tableName;
128 //建立读取
129 OleDbDataReader odrReader = odCommand.ExecuteReader();
130 //查询并显示数据
131 int size = odrReader.FieldCount; //获取当前行中的列数
132 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
133 {
134 DataColumn dc;
135 dc = new DataColumn(odrReader.GetName(i)); //获取每一列的名称，放入列结构中
136 dt.Columns.Add(dc); //新建的table完成属性列的构建
137 }
138 while (odrReader.Read()) //逐条记录(也即逐行)地读取数据
139 {
140 dr = dt.NewRow(); //一行数据
141 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
142 {
143 dr[odrReader.GetName(i)] = odrReader[odrReader.GetName(i)].ToString(); //逐列读取每单元格数据放到行结构中
144 }
145 dt.Rows.Add(dr); //新建的table完成每条记录的存储
146 }
147 //关闭连接
148 odrReader.Close();
149 odcConnection.Close();
150 success = true;
151 return dt;
152 }
153 catch
154 {
155 success = false;
156 return dt;
157 }
158 }
159
160
161 // 读取指定表的若干列的数据
162 public static DataTable ReadDataByColumns(string mdbPath, string tableName, string[] columns, ref bool success)
163 {
164 DataTable dt = new DataTable();
165 try
166 {
167 DataRow dr;
168 //1、建立连接
169 string strConn
170 = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + mdbPath + ";Jet OLEDB:Database Password=";
171 OleDbConnection odcConnection = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
172 //2、打开连接
173 odcConnection.Open();
174 //建立SQL查询
175 OleDbCommand odCommand = odcConnection.CreateCommand();
176 //3、输入查询语句
177 string strColumn = "";
178 //if (columns[0] == null)
179 //{
180 // strColumn = " * ";
181 //}
182 //else
183 //{
184 for (int i = 0; i < columns.Length; i++)
185 {
186 strColumn += columns[i].ToString() + ",";
187 }
188 strColumn = strColumn.TrimEnd(',');
189 //}
190
191 odCommand.CommandText = "select " + strColumn + " from " + tableName;
192 //建立读取
193 OleDbDataReader odrReader = odCommand.ExecuteReader();
194 //查询并显示数据
195 int size = odrReader.FieldCount;
196 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
197 {
198 DataColumn dc;
199 dc = new DataColumn(odrReader.GetName(i));
200 dt.Columns.Add(dc);
201 }
202
203 while (odrReader.Read())
204 {
205 dr = dt.NewRow();
206 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
207 {
208 dr[odrReader.GetName(i)] = odrReader[odrReader.GetName(i)].ToString();
209 }
210 dt.Rows.Add(dr);
211 }
212 //关闭连接
213 odrReader.Close();
214 odcConnection.Close();
215 success = true;
216 return dt;
217 }
218 catch
219 {
220 success = false;
221 return dt;
222 }
223 }
224
225 //读取指定列数据
226 public static DataTable ReadDataByColumnsBound(string mdbPath, string tableName, string[] columns, Node bound, ref bool success)
227 {
228 DataTable dt = new DataTable();
229 try
230 {
231 DataRow dr;
232 //1、建立连接
233 string strConn
234 = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + mdbPath + ";Jet OLEDB:Database Password=haoren";
235 OleDbConnection odcConnection = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
236 //2、打开连接
237 odcConnection.Open();
238 //建立SQL查询
239 OleDbCommand odCommand = odcConnection.CreateCommand();
240 //3、输入查询语句
241 string strColumn = "";
242 if (columns[0] == null)
243 {
244 strColumn = " * ";
245 }
246 else
247 {
248 for (int i = 0; i < columns.Length; i++)
249 {
250 strColumn += columns[i].ToString() + ",";
251 }
252 strColumn = strColumn.TrimEnd(',');
253 }
254
255 odCommand.CommandText = "select " + strColumn + " from " + tableName + " where " + bound.NodeType + " = '" + bound.NodeValue + "' ";
256 //建立读取
257 OleDbDataReader odrReader = odCommand.ExecuteReader();
258 //查询并显示数据
259 int size = odrReader.FieldCount;
260 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
261 {
262 DataColumn dc;
263 dc = new DataColumn(odrReader.GetName(i));
264 dt.Columns.Add(dc);
265 }
266
267 while (odrReader.Read())
268 {
269 dr = dt.NewRow();
270 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
271 {
272 dr[odrReader.GetName(i)] = odrReader[odrReader.GetName(i)].ToString();
273 }
274 dt.Rows.Add(dr);
275 }
276 //关闭连接
277 odrReader.Close();
278 odcConnection.Close();
279 success = true;
280 return dt;
281 }
282 catch
283 {
284 success = false;
285 return dt;
286 }
287 }
288 //==================================================================
289 //函数名： GetTableNameList
290 //作者： LiYang
291 //日期： 2015-6-26
292 //功能： 获取ACCESS数据库中的表名
293 //输入参数： 数据库路径
294 //返回值： List<string>
295 //修改记录：
296 //==================================================================
297 public static List<string> GetTableNameList(string myMdbPath)
298 {
299 List<string> list = new List<string>();
300 try
301 {
302 OleDbConnection Conn = new OleDbConnection();
303 Conn.ConnectionString = "Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OleDb.4.0;Data Source=" + myMdbPath;
304 Conn.Open();
305 DataTable dt = Conn.GetSchema("Tables");
306 foreach (DataRow row in dt.Rows)
307 {
308 if (row[3].ToString() == "TABLE")
309 list.Add(row[2].ToString());
310 }
311 Conn.Close();
312 return list;
313 }
314 catch (Exception ex)
315 {
316 throw ex;
317 }
318 }
319 //==================================================================
320 //函数名： GetTableFieldNameList
321 //作者： LiYang
322 //日期： 2015-6-26
323 //功能： 获取ACCESS数据库指定表名中的字段
324 //输入参数： 数据库路径，表名
325 //返回值： List<string> 属性列的名称
326 //修改记录：
327 //==================================================================
328 public static List<string> GetTableFieldNameList(string myMdbPath, string TableName)
329 {
330 List<string> list = new List<string>();
331 try
332 {
333 OleDbConnection Conn = new OleDbConnection();
334 Conn.ConnectionString = "Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OleDb.4.0;Data Source=" + myMdbPath;
335 Conn.Open();
336 using (OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand())
337 {
338 cmd.CommandText = "SELECT TOP 1 * FROM [" + TableName + "]";//读取一个表中第一条记录，如select top 5 * from tablename，读取表中前5条记录
339 cmd.Connection = Conn;
340 OleDbDataReader dr = cmd.ExecuteReader(); //得到列头
341 for (int i = 0; i < dr.FieldCount; i++)
342 {
343 list.Add(dr.GetName(i));//得到属性列名称
344 }
345 }
346 Conn.Close();
347 return list;
348 }
349 catch (Exception ex)
350 {
351 throw ex;
352 }
353 }
354 //==================================================================
355 //函数名： ReadDataByColumnsLike
356 //作者： LiYang
357 //日期： 2015-6-26
358 //功能： 获取ACCESS数据库指定表名指定列的相似数据到缓存DataTable
359 //输入参数： 数据库路径，表名，列名，相似结点
360 //返回值： DataTable
361 //修改记录：
362 //==================================================================
363 public static DataTable ReadDataByColumnsLike(string mdbPath, string tableName, string[] columns, Node Like)
364 {
365 DataTable dt = new DataTable();
366 DataRow dr;
367 try
368 {
369 OleDbConnection Conn = new OleDbConnection();
370 Conn.ConnectionString = "Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OleDb.4.0;Data Source=" + myMdbPath;
371 Conn.Open();
372 OleDbCommand odCommand = Conn.CreateCommand();
373 string strColumn = "";
374 if (columns[0] == null)
375 {
376 strColumn = " * ";
377 }
378 else
379 {
380 for (int i = 0; i < columns.Length; i++)
381 {
382 strColumn += columns[i].ToString() + ",";
383 }
384 strColumn = strColumn.TrimEnd(',');
385 }
386
387 odCommand.CommandText = "select " + strColumn + " from " + tableName + " where " + Like.NodeType + " LIKE '" + Like.NodeValue + "' ";
388 OleDbDataReader odrReader = odCommand.ExecuteReader();
389 //查询并显示数据
390 int size = odrReader.FieldCount;
391 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
392 {
393 DataColumn dc;
394 dc = new DataColumn(odrReader.GetName(i));
395 dt.Columns.Add(dc);
396 }
397
398 while (odrReader.Read())
399 {
400 dr = dt.NewRow();
401 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
402 {
403 dr[odrReader.GetName(i)] = odrReader[odrReader.GetName(i)].ToString();
404 }
405 dt.Rows.Add(dr);
406 }
407 //关闭连接
408 odrReader.Close();
409 Conn.Close();
410 return dt;
411 }
412 catch (Exception ex)
413 {
414 throw ex;
415 }
416 }
417 /// <summary>
418 /// 返回某一表的所有字段名
419 /// </summary>
420 public static string[] GetTableColumn(string database_path, string varTableName)
421 {
422 DataTable dt = new DataTable();
423 try
424 {
425 OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection();
426 conn.ConnectionString = "Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OleDb.4.0;Data Source=" + database_path;
427 conn.Open();
428 dt = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Columns, new object[] { null, null, varTableName, null });
429 int n = dt.Rows.Count;
430 string[] strTable = new string[n];
431 int m = dt.Columns.IndexOf("COLUMN_NAME");
432 for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
433 {
434 DataRow m_DataRow = dt.Rows[i];
435 strTable[i] = m_DataRow.ItemArray.GetValue(m).ToString();
436 }
437 conn.Close();
438 return strTable;
439 }
440 catch (Exception ex)
441 {
442 throw ex;
443 }
444 }
445
446 //添加一个字段
447 public static void MakeNode(ref ArrayList arraylist, string nodetype, string nodevalue)
448 {
449 AccessClass.Node node = new AccessClass.Node();
450 node.NodeType = nodetype;
451 node.NodeValue = nodevalue;
452 arraylist.Add(node);
453 }
454
455 //插入数据
456 public static bool InsertRow(string mdbPath, string tableName, ArrayList insertArray,
457 ref string errinfo)
458 {
459 try
460 {
461 //1、建立连接
462 string strConn
463 = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + mdbPath + ";Jet OLEDB:Database Password=haoren";
464 OleDbConnection odcConnection = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
465 //2、打开连接
466 odcConnection.Open();
467
468 string str_col = "";
469 int size_col = insertArray.Count;
470 for (int i = 0; i < size_col; i++)
471 {
472 Node vipNode = new Node();
473 try
474 {
475 vipNode = (Node)insertArray[i];
476 }
477 catch (System.Exception ex)
478 {
479 MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
480 }
481 vipNode = (Node)insertArray[i];
482 str_col += vipNode.NodeType + ",";
483 }
484 str_col = str_col.TrimEnd(',');
485
486
487 int size_row = insertArray.Count;
488 string str_row = "";
489 for (int i = 0; i < size_row; i++)
490 {
491 Node vipNode = new Node();
492 vipNode = (Node)insertArray[i];
493 string v = vipNode.NodeValue.ToString();
494 v = DealString(v);
495 if (v == "")
496 {
497 str_row += "null" + ',';
498 }
499 else
500 {
501 str_row += "'" + v + "'" + ',';
502 }
503 }
504 str_row = str_row.TrimEnd(','); ;
505
506 string sql = "insert into " + tableName + @" (" + str_col + ") values" + @"(" + str_row + ")";
507 OleDbCommand odCommand = new OleDbCommand(sql, odcConnection);
508 odCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
509 odcConnection.Close();
510 return true;
511 }
512 catch (Exception err)
513 {
514 errinfo = err.Message;
515 return false;
516 }
517 }
518
519
520 public static bool UpdateRow(string mdbPath, string tableName,
521 Node keyNode, ArrayList insertArray, ref string errinfo)
522 {
523 try
524 {
525 //1、建立连接
526 string strConn
527 = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + mdbPath + ";Jet OLEDB:Database Password=haoren";
528 OleDbConnection odcConnection = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
529 //2、打开连接
530 odcConnection.Open();
531
532 int size = insertArray.Count;
533 string str = "";
534 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
535 {
536 Node node = new Node();
537 node = (Node)insertArray[i];
538 string v = node.NodeValue.ToString();
539 v = DealString(v);
540 str += node.NodeType + " = ";
541 if (v == "")
542 {
543 str += "null" + ',';
544 }
545 else
546 {
547 str += "'" + v + "'" + ',';
548 }
549
550 }
551 str = str.TrimEnd(',');
552
553 string sql = "update " + tableName + " set " + str +
554 " where " + keyNode.NodeType + " = " + "'" + keyNode.NodeValue + "'";
555 OleDbCommand odCommand = new OleDbCommand(sql, odcConnection);
556 odCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
557 odcConnection.Close();
558 return true;
559 }
560 catch (Exception err)
561 {
562 errinfo = err.Message;
563 return false;
564 }
565 }
566
567
568 public static bool UpdateMDBNode(string mdbPath, string tableName, Node keyNode,
569 Node saveNode, ref string errinfo)
570 {
571 try
572 {
573 //1、建立连接
574 string strConn
575 = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + mdbPath + ";Jet OLEDB:Database Password=haoren";
576 OleDbConnection odcConnection = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
577 //2、打开连接
578 odcConnection.Open();
579
580 string sql = @"update " + tableName + " set " + saveNode.NodeType + " = '" + saveNode.NodeValue +
581 "' where " + keyNode.NodeType + " = " + "'" + keyNode.NodeValue + "'";
582 OleDbCommand comm = new OleDbCommand(sql, odcConnection);
583 comm.ExecuteNonQuery();
584 odcConnection.Close();
585 return true;
586 }
587 catch (Exception err)
588 {
589 errinfo = err.Message;
590 return false;
591 }
592 }
593
594
595
596 //删除一条记录
597 public static bool DeleteRow(string mdbPath, string tableName, Node keyNode, ref string errinfo)
598 {
599 try
600 {
601 //1、建立连接
602 string strConn
603 = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + mdbPath + ";Jet OLEDB:Database Password=haoren";
604 OleDbConnection odcConnection = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
605 //2、打开连接
606 odcConnection.Open();
607 string sql = "";
608 if (keyNode.NodeType == null)
609 {
610 sql = @"delete from " + tableName;
611 }
612 else
613 {
614 sql = @"delete from " + tableName + " where " + keyNode.NodeType + " = " + "'" + keyNode.NodeValue + "' ";
615 }
616
617 OleDbCommand comm = new OleDbCommand(sql, odcConnection);
618 comm.ExecuteNonQuery();
619 odcConnection.Close();
620 return true;
621 }
622 catch (Exception err)
623 {
624 errinfo = err.Message;
625 return false;
626 }
627 }
628
629 public static bool ClearTable(string mdbPath, string tableName, ref string errinfo)
630 {
631
632 try
633 {
634 //1、建立连接
635 string strConn
636 = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + mdbPath + ";Jet OLEDB:Database Password=haoren";
637 OleDbConnection odcConnection = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
638 //2、打开连接
639 odcConnection.Open();
640 string sql = "";
641
642 sql = @"delete * from " + tableName;
643
644 OleDbCommand comm = new OleDbCommand(sql, odcConnection);
645 comm.ExecuteNonQuery();
646 odcConnection.Close();
647
648 return true;
649 }
650
651 catch (Exception err)
652 {
653 errinfo = err.Message;
654 return false;
655 }
656
657 }
658
659
660
661 //处理数据，在把数据存到数据库前，先屏蔽那些危险字符！
662 public static string DealString(string str)
663 {
664 str = str.Replace("<", "<");
665 str = str.Replace(">", ">");
666 str = str.Replace("\r", "<br>");
667 str = str.Replace("\'", "’");
668 str = str.Replace("\x0020", " ");
669
670 return (str);
671 }
672
673 //恢复数据：把数据库中的数据，还原成未处理前的样子
674 public static string UnDealString(string str)
675 {
676 str = str.Replace("<", "<");
677 str = str.Replace(">", ">");
678 str = str.Replace("<br>", "\r");
679 str = str.Replace("’", "\'");
680 str = str.Replace(" ", "\x0020");
681
682 return (str);
683 }
684
685
686
687 }
688 }
相关问题及解决方法记录
P:ADOX缺少程序集引用
S：引用C:\Program Files\Common Files\System\ado\msadox.dll,该DLL包含ADOX命名空间，
P:无法对ADOX嵌入式式互操作
S：ADOX属性->嵌入互操作类型改为false
P:ADODB缺少程序集引用
S：引用C:\Program Files\Common Files\System\ado\msjro.dll，该dll包含ADOB命名空间，或在.net中添加adodb也可。
