Java通过http协议发送Get和Post请求

Java通过http协议发送Get和Post请求

本文是基于Windows 10系统环境，利用MyEclipse构建一个java项目，并通过http协议发送Get和Post请求

• Windows 10
• MyEclipse

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一、准备工作

(1) 下载需要用的工具jar包

commons-beanutils-1.9.3.jar
commons-collections-3.2.1.jar
commons-lang-2.6.jar
commons-logging-1.2.jar
ezmorph-1.0.6.jar
httpclient-4.5.2.jar
httpcore-4.4.10.jar
json-lib-2.4-jdk15.jar

二、Post请求方式

(1) 将数据封装为json格式，然后再发送

/**
 * 
 */
package com.inspur;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

/**
 * ClassName: contect_flask
 * Function: TODO ADD FUNCTION
 * @author: xuzheng
 * date: 2019-7-1 下午2:03:00
 */
public class contect_flask {
 
	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		JSONObject jsonObject1 = new JSONObject();
		JSONObject jsonObject2 = new JSONObject();
		jsonObject2.put("deviceID", "110");
		jsonObject2.put("state", "0");
		jsonObject2.put("channel", "channel");
		jsonObject1.put("item", jsonObject2);
		jsonObject1.put("requestCommand", "control");
		String result = contect_flask.post(jsonObject1, "http://172.30.12.188:5003/test/hello");

		System.out.println(result);
		
	}
	
	public static String post(JSONObject json, String url){
		String result = "";
		HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
		try{
			CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        
			post.setHeader("Content-Type","application/json;charset=utf-8");
			post.addHeader("Authorization", "Basic YWRtaW46");
			StringEntity postingString = new StringEntity(json.toString(),"utf-8");
			post.setEntity(postingString);
			HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
			
			InputStream in = response.getEntity().getContent();
			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, "utf-8"));
			StringBuilder strber= new StringBuilder();
			String line = null;
			while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
				strber.append(line+'\n');
			}
			br.close();
			in.close();
			result = strber.toString();
			if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()!=HttpStatus.SC_OK){
				result = "服务器异常";
			}
		} catch (Exception e){
			System.out.println("请求异常");
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		} finally{
			post.abort();
		}
		return result;
	}
}

三、Get请求方式

(1) 无参数的Get请求方式

/**
 * 
 */
package com.inspur;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

/**
 * ClassName: contect_flask
 * Function: TODO ADD FUNCTION
 * @author: xuzheng
 * date: 2019-7-1 下午2:03:00
 */
public class contect_flask {
 
	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		String result = contect_flask.get("http://172.30.12.188:5003/test/hello");
		
		System.out.println(result);
	}
	
	public static String get(String url){
		String result = "";
		HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url);
		try{
			CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
			
			HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
			result = getHttpEntityContent(response);
			
			if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()!=HttpStatus.SC_OK){
				result = "服务器异常";
			}
		} catch (Exception e){
			System.out.println("请求异常");
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		} finally{
			get.abort();
		}
		return result;
	}
	
	public static String getHttpEntityContent(HttpResponse response) throws UnsupportedOperationException, IOException{
		String result = "";
		HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
		if(entity != null){
			InputStream in = entity.getContent();
			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, "utf-8"));
			StringBuilder strber= new StringBuilder();
			String line = null;
			while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
				strber.append(line+'\n');
			}
			br.close();
			in.close();
			result = strber.toString();
		}
		
		return result;
		
	}

}

(2) 有参数的Get请求方式

/**
 * 
 */
package com.inspur;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

/**
 * ClassName: contect_flask
 * Function: TODO ADD FUNCTION
 * @author: xuzheng
 * date: 2019-7-1 下午2:03:00
 */
public class contect_flask {
 
	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
		map.put("name",	"root");
		map.put("password", "123456");
		String result = contect_flask.get(map, "http://172.30.12.188:5003/test/hello");
		
		System.out.println(result);
		
	}
	
	public static String get(Map<String, String> paramMap, String url){
		String result = "";
		HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url);
		try{
			CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
			List<NameValuePair> params = setHttpParams(paramMap);
			String param = URLEncodedUtils.format(params, "UTF-8");
			get.setURI(URI.create(url + "?" + param));
			HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
			result = getHttpEntityContent(response);
			
			if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()!=HttpStatus.SC_OK){
				result = "服务器异常";
			}
		} catch (Exception e){
			System.out.println("请求异常");
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		} finally{
			get.abort();
		}
		return result;
	}
	
	public static List<NameValuePair> setHttpParams(Map<String, String> paramMap){
		List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
		Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> set = paramMap.entrySet();
		for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : set){
			params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
		}
		return params;
	}
	
	public static String getHttpEntityContent(HttpResponse response) throws UnsupportedOperationException, IOException{
		String result = "";
		HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
		if(entity != null){
			InputStream in = entity.getContent();
			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, "utf-8"));
			StringBuilder strber= new StringBuilder();
			String line = null;
			while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
				strber.append(line+'\n');
			}
			br.close();
			in.close();
			result = strber.toString();
		}
		
		return result;	
	}
}

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