[Python3] 029 常用模块 timeit

timeit

直接举例

• 必要的导入

import timeit

1. 测量生成列表的时间

• 像是 C 或者 Js 中把函数作为参数传入

>>> func = '''
... arr = []
... for i in range(1000):
...   arr.append(i)
... '''
>>> t1 = timeit.timeit(stmt=func, number=10000)
>>> t2 = timeit.timeit(stmt="[i for i in range(1000)]", number=10000)
>>> t1
1.0912232999999105
>>> t2
0.5270981999999549

• 可以看出，列表生成式比 "append" 快

2. 测量函数运行时间（一）

• 公共部分

>>> def func(num=3):
...   for i in range(num):
...     print(f"Repeat for {i}.")
...
>>> 

• 版本一

>>> t = timeit.timeit(stmt=func, number=5)
Repeat for 0.
Repeat for 1.
Repeat for 2.
Repeat for 0.
Repeat for 1.
Repeat for 2.
Repeat for 0.
Repeat for 1.
Repeat for 2.
Repeat for 0.
Repeat for 1.
Repeat for 2.
Repeat for 0.
Repeat for 1.
Repeat for 2.
>>> t
0.0009049000000231899

• 版本二

>>> t = timeit.timeit(stmt=func, setup="func"+"num=5", number=5)
Repeat for 0
Repeat for 1
Repeat for 2
Repeat for 0
Repeat for 1
Repeat for 2
Repeat for 0
Repeat for 1
Repeat for 2
Repeat for 0
Repeat for 1
Repeat for 2
Repeat for 0
Repeat for 1
Repeat for 2
>>> t
0.008177499999874271

• t = timeit.timeit(func, setup="funcnum=5", number=5) 也行，但不直观

3. 测量函数运行时间（二）

>>> s = '''
... def func(num):
...   for i in range(num):
...     print(f"Repeat for {i}")
... '''
>>> t = timeit.timeit(stmt="func(num)", setup=s+"num=3", number=5)
Repeat for 0
Repeat for 1
Repeat for 2
Repeat for 0
Repeat for 1
Repeat for 2
Repeat for 0
Repeat for 1
Repeat for 2
Repeat for 0
Repeat for 1
Repeat for 2
Repeat for 0
Repeat for 1
Repeat for 2
>>> t
0.0020025999997415056