7、CentOS6 编译安装

LAMP组合的编译安装：

　　httpd*php

　　　　　　modules：把php编译成httpd的DSO对象

　　　　　　　　　　prefork：libphp5

　　　　　　　　　　event,worker : libphp5-zts

　　　　　　cgi

　　　　　　fpm（fastcgi）: php作为独立的服务

注：httpd对fastcgi协议的支持

　　　　httpd-2.2 :需要额外安装fcgi模块

　　　　httpd-2.4:自带fcgi模块

[root@localhost src]# yum groupinstall 'Development Tools' 'Server Platform Development'  -y   #此命令CentOS7不支持这种格式，没有这样分组

1.1、安装apr

 wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/apr-1.5.0.tar.gz
 tar xvf apr-1.5.1.tar.gz 
 cd apr-1.5.1/
 vim configure
 把RM='$RM'修改成RM='$RM -f'
 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
 make && make install

问题：

rm: cannot remove `libtoolT': No such file or directory
config.status: executing default commands

修改成'$RM -f'

1.2、安装apr-util

 wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gz
 tar xvf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gz 
 cd apr-util-1.5.3/
 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
 #with-apr要指明apr的安装目录，apr-util要依赖apr编译
 make && make install

1.3、httpd编译依赖的包yum安装即可

yum -y install pcre-devel

wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.33.tar.gz

#tar xvf httpd-2.4.33.tar.gz

#cd httpd-2.4.33
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/httpd \
--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 \
--enable-so \
--enable-ssl \
--enable-cgi \
--enable-rewrite \
--with-zlib \
--with-pcre \
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util \
--enable-modules=most \
--enable-mpms-shared=all \
--with-mpm=event

1.5、启动脚本

[root@localhost init.d]#cd /etc/rc.d/init.d/

[root@localhost init.d]# cp httpd httpd24

[root@localhost init.d]# vim  httpd24

目的：避免与yum安装的apache起冲突 修改如下脚本路径即可：

注：PidFile 文件默认在此路径下/usr/local/httpd/logs/

而启动脚本的pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd/logs/httpd24.pid}

[root@localhost init.d]# chkconfig --add httpd24

[root@localhost init.d]# chkconfig --list httpd24
httpd24 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:关闭 3:关闭 4:关闭 5:关闭 6:关闭
[root@localhost init.d]#

[root@localhost init.d]# chkconfig --level 234 httpd24 on

[root@localhost init.d]# chkconfig --list httpd24
httpd24 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:关闭 6:关闭

[root@localhost init.d]# httpd -t  #此处不是编译的httpd
Syntax OK
[root@localhost init.d]# hash -r  #移除所有缓存

[root@localhost httpd]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/httpd/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd24.sh
[root@localhost httpd]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd24.sh

[root@localhost httpd]# httpd -t
Syntax OK
[root@localhost httpd]# hash   #此处才能看出是此次编译的httpd
hits command
1 /usr/bin/vim
2 /usr/local/httpd/bin/httpd

[root@localhost httpd]# service httpd24 start
正在启动 httpd： [确定]

[root@localhost httpd]# ps -ef |grep httpd        #event模型
root 56432 1 1 00:05 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/httpd/bin/httpd
daemon 56434 56432 0 00:05 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/httpd/bin/httpd
daemon 56435 56432 0 00:05 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/httpd/bin/httpd
daemon 56436 56432 0 00:05 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/httpd/bin/httpd
root 56520 56350 0 00:06 pts/0 00:00:00 grep httpd

[root@localhost httpd]# httpd -M

Loaded Modules:
core_module (static)
so_module (static)
http_module (static)
mpm_event_module (shared)
authn_file_module (shared)
authn_core_module (shared)
authz_host_module (shared)
authz_groupfile_module (shared)
authz_user_module (shared)
authz_core_module (shared)
access_compat_module (shared)
auth_basic_module (shared)
reqtimeout_module (shared)
filter_module (shared)
mime_module (shared)
log_config_module (shared)
env_module (shared)
headers_module (shared)
setenvif_module (shared)
version_module (shared)
unixd_module (shared)
status_module (shared)
autoindex_module (shared)
dir_module (shared)
alias_module (shared)

配置文件启动用：

#LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so

二、MySQL二进制安装

卸载系统自带MySQL开发库

[root@localhost src]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
[root@localhost src]# ps -ef |grep mysql
root 56615 56350 0 00:19 pts/0 00:00:00 grep mysql
[root@localhost src]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64

[root@localhost src]# wget -c http://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.6.40-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.40-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

[root@localhost local]# ln -sv ./mysql-5.6.40-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

#创建数据库存放目录

[root@localhost local]# mkdir -pv /mydata/data
mkdir: 已创建目录 "/mydata"
mkdir: 已创建目录 "/mydata/data"
[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mydata/data

#修改/usr/local/mysql的属主属组

[root@localhost local]#cd mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql ./*

#创建mysql用户

[root@lynk ~]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
[root@lynk ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 306 -u 306 mysql

#添加环境变量

[root@lynk local]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@lynk local]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@lynk local]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/apache/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

#初始化数据库

[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mydata/data

#生成配置文件

[root@lynk local]# cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF

[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /mydata/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /mydata/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
EOF

参考即可

[client]
port = 3306
socket = /opt/mysql/data/mysql.sock
default_character_set=utf8

[mysqld]
server_id = 1
user = mysql
port = 3306
socket = /opt/mysql/data/mysql.sock
character-set-server = utf8
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/mysql/data
lower_case_table_names = 1
default_storage_engine = innodb
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G #(大小为物理内存的80%)
skip_external_locking
federated
sort_buffer_size = 2M
key_buffer_size=800M
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size=2M
table_open_cache = 1000
max_connections = 1000
max_allowed_packet = 50M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
wait_timeout = 600
interactive_timeout = 600
log_bin = mysql-bin
log-error = /opt/mysql/data/mysql-error.log
max_binlog_size = 1G
long_query_time = 2
slow-query-log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /opt/mysql/data/mysql-slow.log
expire_logs_days = 3
log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 500M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set = utf8

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38629769/article/details/86153762

#配置服务启动脚本

[root@lynk local]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@lynk local]# sed -ri 's#^(basedir=).*#\1/usr/local/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@lynk local]# sed -ri 's#^(datadir=).*#\1/mydata/data#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld

导出MySQL头文件

[root@lynk local]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/local/include/mysql
[root@localhost local]# echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf 
[root@localhost local]# ldconfig

#开启端口

[root@localhost rc.d]# iptables -I INPUT 5 -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

[root@localhost rc.d]# service iptables save

[root@localhost rc.d]# service iptables restat

数据库安全配置项

[root@localhost local]# mysql  #进入数据库

1、设置root用户密码：

mysql> USE  mysql;

mysql> UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD('root') WHERE User='root';
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 3 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

注意：PASSWORD()是MySQL的密码函数，密码是引号中间的字符，不含引号，密码需符合复杂度策略。
2、删除匿名用户：

mysql> DROP user ''@localhost;
mysql> \q;

三、PHP

3.1、php安装的时有两种方式：

(1)：php作为apapche的模块形式存在,需要用apxs指定apapche位置,并且用apxs来自动的加载模块；需要结合apapche使用(处理动态请求)；

(2)：php作为一个独立的服务单独运行,不需要指定其路径；

a）php作为模块的形式的编译参数如下：

 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc  --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif

yum  install  -y   libxml2-devel     openssl    openssl-devel   bzip2  bzip2d-devel     libjpeg-devel     libpng  libpng-devel   freetype  freetype-devel   epel-release    libmcrypt-devel

b）php作为服务单独运行的编译参数如下：

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --with-pear --with-curl --with-openssl

  yum   install   -y    gcc  libxml2-devel    openssl   openssl-devel   libcurl-devel    libjpeg-devel    libpng   libpng-devel    freetype   freetype-devel     epel-relese     libmcrypt-devel

---

---

3.2、编译安装前的准备

3.2.1、安装gcc-c++及依赖包

yum install libxml2 libxml2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel openssl-devel

以模块配置

 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-config-file-path=/etc \
--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
-with-apxs2=/usr/local/httpd/bin/apxs \
--with-openssl \
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \
--enable-mbstring \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-zlib \
--with-libxml-dir=/usr/local \
--enable-xml \
--enable-sockets \
--with-mcrypt \
--with-bz2 \
--enable-maintainer-zts \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
-with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-mysql=mysqlnd

说明：

为了支持apache的worker或event这两个MPM，编译时使用--enable-maintainer-zts选项

如果使用PHP5.3以上版本，为了链接MySQL数据库，可以指定mysqlnd，这样在本机就不需要先安装MySQL或MySQL开发包

mysqlnd从php5.3开始使用，可以编译时绑定到它（而不动和具体的MySQL客户端绑定形成依赖），但从PHP5.4开始它就是默认设置。

#--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-mysql=mysqlnd

选项简介：

　　--with-mysql：指定MySQL的位置

　　--with-openssl：支持openssl功能的

　　--with-mysqli：这是MySQL的另外一种让php和MySQL交互的接口，这个接口的程序是/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config

      --enable-mbstring:用于支持中文或者非一个字节所能表示的字符的那些语言的

　　--with-freetype-dir：支持freetype-dir功能，freetype-dir是一个实现引用特定字体的，网页上显示不同字体>。

　　--enable-mcrypt ：支持加密解密

　 注意：如果httpd使用线程模型MPM，需要额外的--enable-maintainer-zts选项；

    注意：如果要以fpm方式运行php，需要编译时移除--with-apxs选项，额外添加--enable-fpm选项；

安装完这些软件后，还可能遇到以下问题： 

configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt. 

 

本地解决方法： 

使用yum命令安装 

wget  http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/epel/6/x86_64/Packages/l/libmcrypt-2.5.8-9.el6.x86_64.rpm 

wget  http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/epel/6/x86_64/Packages/l/libmcrypt-devel-2.5.8-9.el6.x86_64.rpm 

然后yum -y localinstall /usr/local/src/libmcrypt-2.5.8-9.el6.x86_64.rpm  /usr/local/src/libmcrypt-devel-2.5.8-9.el6.x86_64.rpm 即可

以php-fpm运行配置

#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-bz2 --with-curl --with-openssl --enable-fpm --enable-ftp --enable-sockets --disable-ipv6 --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local --with-png-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --enable-mbstring --enable-calendar --with-gettext --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local --with-zlib --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-mysql=mysqlnd --enable-dom --enable-xml --with-libdir=lib64 --enable-bcmath

3.2.2、编译：

[root@lynk php-7.2.8]# make -j $(cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep processor|wc -l)
[root@lynk php-7.2.8]# make install

apache配置文件查看此模块是否被加载或者httpd -M

3.3、将php加入全局环境变量

#echo "export PATH=/usr/local/php/bin:$PATH" > /etc/profile.d/php.sh

重新加载环境变量使之生效

#source /etc/profile.d/php.sh

3.4、为php提供配置文件：

[root@localhost php-5.6.38]# cp php.ini-production  /etc/php.in

3.5、编译apache配置文件httpd.conf,以apache支持php

<IfModule mime_module>    #在此模块下添加如下内容

  AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
  AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

3.6、定位至DirectoryIndex  index.html

修改成 DirectoryIndex  index.php  index.html

<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.php  index.html
</IfModule>

可选项：

③ 不显示目录结构（根据自己情况决定是否显示） 
找到“Options Indexes FollowSymLinks”，修改为 
Options FollowSymLinks

④ 开启Apache支持伪静态 
找到“AllowOverride None”，修改为 
AllowOverride All

⑤ 更改Apache默认网站目录 

找到 DocumentRoot “/usr/local/apache2/htdocs ” 这一段 

把/usr/local/apache2/htdocs 这个目录改为/var/www/html 

再找到 <Directory "/usr/local/apache2/htdocs">这个区域 

把 /usr/local/apache2/htdocs改成/var/www/html

保存httpd.conf配置

更改文件权限： 
chmod -R 755 /var/www/html

————————————————

3.7、重启apahce

3.8、开启端口

[root@localhost php-5.6.38]# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 9000 -j ACCEPT

[root@localhost php-5.6.38]# service iptables save

iptables：将防火墙规则保存到 /etc/sysconfig/iptables：     [确定]

[root@localhost php-5.6.38]# service iptables restart

3.7、提供测试页：

/usr/local/httpd/htdocs

vim index.php
<?php
   $conn=mysql_connect('127.0.0.1','root','');  #此127.0.0.1未被授权换成localhost可以
   if($conn)
        echo "OK";
   else
        echo "Not ok";
   phpinfo();
?>

四、phpMyAdmin

　　　　　　　　　#wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/4.7.9/phpMyAdmin-4.7.9-all-languages.zip

[root@localhost src]# unzip phpMyAdmin-4.7.9-all-languages.zip

[root@localhost src]# mv phpMyAdmin-4.7.9-all-languages /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/pma

[root@localhost pma]# cd /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/pma

[root@localhost pma]# cp config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php

[root@localhost pma]# vim config.inc.php 

在此行添加随机数即可

压力测试：

[root@localhost pma]# ab -c 10 -n 100 http://192.168.1.105/pma/index/php

This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1826891 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/


Benchmarking 192.168.1.105 (be patient).....done

Server Software: Apache/2.4.33
Server Hostname: 192.168.1.105
Server Port: 80

Document Path: /pma/index/php
Document Length: 211 bytes

Concurrency Level: 10
Time taken for tests: 0.763 seconds
Complete requests: 100
Failed requests: 0
Non-2xx responses: 100
Total transferred: 40000 bytes
HTML transferred: 21100 bytes
Requests per second: 131.05 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 76.304 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 7.630 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 51.19 [Kbytes/sec] received


Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 1 36 51.9 13 243
Processing: 1 29 44.3 12 275
Waiting: 0 18 31.8 9 260
Total: 2 66 82.1 30 339


Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 30
66% 45
75% 105
80% 113
90% 174
95% 299
98% 308
99% 339
100% 339 (longest request)

五、xcache--PHP服务缓存加速

安装Xcache缓存加速器

    因为我们用的PHP版本为5.6，通过Xcache官网可以了解到需要用到3.20的版本才能支持PHP5.6，可以到官网下载。http://xcache.lighttpd.net/pub/Releases/3.2.0/

[root@localhost src]#   wget http://xcache.lighttpd.net/pub/Releases/3.2.0/xcache-3.2.0.tar.gz

[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf xcache-3.2.0.tar.gz 

[root@localhost src]# cd xcache-3.2.0

[root@localhost xcache-3.2.0]# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize   #必须一步 否则config 脚本不会出现
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version: 20131106
Zend Module Api No: 20131226
Zend Extension Api No: 220131226

[root@localhost xcache-3.2.0]# ./configure --enable-xcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

[root@localhost xcache-3.2.0]# make 

[root@localhost xcache-3.2.0]# make install
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/

[root@localhost xcache-3.2.0]# ll /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/
总用量 1132
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 555981 6月 14 06:08 opcache.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 598934 6月 14 08:30 xcache.so

安装成功之后会在php目录下生成xcache.so的文件

#配置脚本

[root@localhost xcache-3.2.0]# mkdir /etc/php.d
[root@localhost xcache-3.2.0]# cp xcache.ini /etc/php.d
[root@localhost xcache-3.2.0]# vim  /etc/php.d/xcache.ini    

将安装xcache后的Installing shared extensions路径写在 zend_extension里

  ------目的防止找不到xcache.so库文件

　

[xcache-common]  #定义zend扩展

extension = xcache.so        ;加载xcache.so
[xcache.admin]
xcache.admin.enable_auth = On        ;开启认证
xcache.admin.user = "pcm"                                    ;这个自定义
xcache.admin.pass = "62b6d07a02edc7d58cb622def452e81b"        ;这个MD5是后面生成填写进去的
[xcache]  定义xcache的管理

xcache.shm_scheme =        "mmap"    ;设置xcache如何从系统分配共享内存-------实用哪种方式来共享内存   mmap：内存映射

xcache.size  =               256M    ;设置xcache缓存的大小值
xcache.count =                 1　　　;设置CPU个数
xcache.slots =                8K
xcache.ttl   =                 86400        ;设定cache对象的生存期TTL，0为永不过期
xcache.gc_interval =           3600
xcache.var_size  =            64M        ；xcache的变量缓存空间大小

xcache.var_count =             1         ；缓存多少个
xcache.var_slots =            8K
xcache.var_ttl   =             0
xcache.var_maxttl   =          0
xcache.var_gc_interval =     300
xcache.var_namespace_mode =    0
xcache.var_namespace =        ""
xcache.readonly_protection = Off
xcache.mmap_path =    "/dev/zero"
xcache.coredump_directory =   ""
xcache.coredump_type =         0
xcache.disable_on_crash =    Off
xcache.experimental =        Off
xcache.cacher =               On
xcache.stat   =               On        ；缓存功能是否启用

xcache.optimizer =           Off        ；xcache 自身的优化器是否启用

[xcache.coverager]
xcache.coverager =           Off
xcache.coverager_autostart =  On
xcache.coveragedump_directory = ""

要让 xcache重新生效，需要重启apache服务
访问：http://localhost 显示如下

https://www.imooc.com/article/30641

https://blog.51cto.com/superpcm/2093866

https://www.imooc.com/article/30953

PHP7 的fpm 方式：https://www.cnblogs.com/lynk/p/10407919.html