im开发总结:netty的使用

  最近公司在做一个im群聊的开发,技术使用得非常多,各种代码封装得也是十分优美,使用到了netty,zookeeper,redis,线程池·,mongdb,lua,等系列的技术

  netty是对nio的一种封装,很好从效率上解决了,nio的epoll模型的bug问题,那么netty到底是个什么玩意呢:

  

     这个是官网上的一个截图:

大概的意思就是:

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  Netty是一种NIO客户端服务器框架,它支持网络应用程序(如协议服务器和客户端)的快速和轻松开发。它大大简化和简化了网络编程,如TCP和UDP套接字服务器。“快速和简单”并不意味着最终的应用程序会受到可维护性或性能问题的影响。Netty是根据许多协议(如FTP、SMTP、HTTP以及各种二进制和基于文本的遗留协议)的实现所获得的经验精心设计的。因此,Netty成功地找到了一种在不妥协的情况下实现轻松开发、性能、稳定和灵活性的方法。

那么到底怎么用呢:

 我可以看到,userguid部分:

官方推荐使用netty4,netty5已经废弃了,

所以我们可以netty4,进行开发:

首先服务端:

package com.cxy.sever;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;

public class DiscardServer {
    private int port;

    public DiscardServer(int port) {
        this.port = port;
    }

    public void run() throws Exception {
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); // (1)
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap(); // (2)
            b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) // (3)
                    .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { // (4)
                        @Override
                        public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                            ch.pipeline().addLast(new DiscardServerHandler());
                        }
                    })
                    .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128)          // (5)
                    .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true); // (6)

            // Bind and start to accept incoming connections.
            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync(); // (7)

            // Wait until the server socket is closed.
            // In this example, this does not happen, but you can do that to gracefully
            // shut down your server.
            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        int port = 8081;
        if (args.length > 0) {
            port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
        }

        new DiscardServer(port).run();
    }
}
package com.cxy.sever;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.util.ReferenceCountUtil;

public class DiscardServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {

    @Override
    public void channelActive(final ChannelHandlerContext ctx) { // (1)
        final ByteBuf time = ctx.alloc().buffer(4); // (2)
        time.writeInt((int) (System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000L + 2208988800L));

        final ChannelFuture f = ctx.writeAndFlush(time); // (3)
        /*f.addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {

            public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) {
                assert f == future;
                ctx.close();
            }
        }); // (4)*/
    }
    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) { // (2)

        ByteBuf in = (ByteBuf) msg;
        try {
            while (in.isReadable()) { // (1)
                System.out.print((char) in.readByte());
                System.out.flush();
            }
        } finally {
            ReferenceCountUtil.release(msg); // (2)
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) { // (4)
        // Close the connection when an exception is raised.
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }

}

客户端

package com.cxy.client;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;


public class TimeClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String host = "127.0.0.1";
        int port = 8081;
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {
            Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap(); // (1)
            b.group(workerGroup); // (2)
            b.channel(NioSocketChannel.class); // (3)
            b.option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true); // (4)
            b.handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                @Override
                public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                    ch.pipeline().addLast(new TimeClientHandler());
                }
            });

            // Start the client.
            ChannelFuture f = b.connect(host, port).sync(); // (5)

            // Wait until the connection is closed.
            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}
package com.cxy.client;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;

import java.util.Date;

public class TimeClientHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
        ByteBuf m = (ByteBuf) msg; // (1)
        try {
            long currentTimeMillis = (m.readUnsignedInt() - 2208988800L) * 1000L;
            System.out.println(new Date(currentTimeMillis));

        } finally {
            m.release();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }
}

整个代码都是官网的上的介绍,拿下来的,所以可以看到,整个基础代码就是那么多:

 其中1  是构建服务端

  2 初始化socket通道

  3添加助手类

  4 设置option

  5 设置长连接

  6 绑定端口

  7 关闭channel

  8 关闭主从线程池模型

 1  创建客户端

2 加入线程池

3 设置长连接

4 绑定相关助手类

5 流水线上添加助手类

6 绑定连接的主机和端口

7 关闭channel

8 关闭工作线程池

可以看出,那么整合netty客户端,服务端的基础代码都是一致的,那么我们使用netty开发需要注意哪些问题呢

我们著需要关闭我们的handler的开发,其他的不用关心。

    

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/xiufengchen/p/11919046.html