应用场景：
通常在DHCP分配网段过多的情况下，网关路由器上配置DHCP服务，压力过大，一般我们用第二路由器，或则第二台DHCP服务器来分担业务
实验拓扑图
实验环境：
R4作为DHCP服务器，R1, R2.上做中继服务，实现不同网段的pc获取地址
1、配置sw交换机
宣告vlan，e口配置为access口，g口配置为trunk口
<Huawei>sys ##进入系统视图模式 [Huawei]sysname SW1 ##修改名字 [SW1]vlan bat 10 20 ##创建vlan10 20 Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done. [SW1]int e0/0/1 ##进接口 [SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access ##配置为access口 [SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 10 ##将接口放到vlan10中 [SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]un sh ##开启 [SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]int e0/0/2 ##e0/0/2接口 [SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access [SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 20 ##放到vlan20中 [SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]un sh [SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]int e0/0/3 [SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]port link-type access [SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]port default vlan 10 [SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]un sh [SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]int e0/0/4 [SW1-Ethernet0/0/4]port link-type access [SW1-Ethernet0/0/4]port default vlan 20 [SW1-Ethernet0/0/4]un sh [SW1-Ethernet0/0/4]dis vlan ##查看vlan信息 The total number of vlans is : 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- U: Up; D: Down; TG: Tagged; UT: Untagged; MP: Vlan-mapping; ST: Vlan-stacking; #: ProtocolTransparent-vlan; *: Management-vlan; -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- VID Type Ports -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 common UT:Eth0/0/5(D) Eth0/0/6(D) Eth0/0/7(D) Eth0/0/8(D) Eth0/0/9(D) Eth0/0/10(D) Eth0/0/11(D) Eth0/0/12(D) Eth0/0/13(D) Eth0/0/14(D) Eth0/0/15(D) Eth0/0/16(D) Eth0/0/17(D) Eth0/0/18(D) Eth0/0/19(D) Eth0/0/20(D) Eth0/0/21(D) Eth0/0/22(D) GE0/0/1(U) GE0/0/2(D) 10 common UT:Eth0/0/1(U) Eth0/0/3(U) 20 common UT:Eth0/0/2(U) Eth0/0/4(U) VID Status Property MAC-LRN Statistics Description -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 enable default enable disable VLAN 0001 10 enable default enable disable VLAN 0010 20 enable default enable disable VLAN 0020 [SW1-Ethernet0/0/4]int g0/0/1 ##进入接口 [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk ##设置为trunk口 [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all ##允许所有vlan通过 [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh ##开启
2、配置R1路由
先配置单臂路由，进入逻辑子接口中开启dhcp中继服务，指定dhcp中继服务器地址。
配置g口ip
配置静态路由
[R1]dhcp enable ##开启dhcp [R1]int g0/0/1.10 ##进入逻辑子接口 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10]dot1q termination vid 10 ##封装协议，该接口对应vlan10 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10]ip add 192.168.10.1 24 ##配置网关地址 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10]arp broadcast enable ##开启广播 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10]dhcp select relay ##开启DHCP中继服务 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10]dhcp relay server-ip 14.0.0.2 ##指向R1服务器地址 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10]int g0/0/1.20 ##进入逻辑子接口 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.20]dot1q termination vid 20 ##vlan20 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.20]ip add 192.168.20.1 24 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.20]arp broadcast enable [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.20]dhcp select relay [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.20]dhcp relay server-ip 14.0.0.2 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.20]q [R1]int g0/0/2 ##配置接口的ip地址 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 14.0.0.1 24 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]un sh [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/0 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.1 24 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dis ip int b ##查看接口ip信息 *down: administratively down !down: FIB overload down ^down: standby (l): loopback (s): spoofing (d): Dampening Suppressed The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 6 The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 7 The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 5 The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 8 Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol Ethernet0/0/0 unassigned down down Ethernet0/0/1 unassigned down down GigabitEthernet0/0/0 12.0.0.1/24 up up GigabitEthernet0/0/1 unassigned up down GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10 192.168.10.1/24 up up GigabitEthernet0/0/1.20 192.168.20.1/24 up up GigabitEthernet0/0/2 14.0.0.1/24 up up GigabitEthernet0/0/3 unassigned down down NULL0 unassigned up up(s) [R1]ip route-static 15.0.0.0 24 12.0.0.2 ##设置静态路由
3、配置R2路由
配置接口，
全局模式开启dhcp服务，指定dhcp服务器ip
设置默认路由
<Huawei>sys [Huawei]sysname R2 [R2]int g0/0/0 ##配置接口IP地址 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.2 24 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [R2]dhcp enable ##开启dhcp [R2]int g0/0/1 ##进接口 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 15.0.0.1 24 ##配置接口ip [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp select relay ##开启中继 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp relay server-ip 14.0.0.2 ##指向服务器地址 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q [R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.0.0.1 ##设置默认路由 [R2]dis ip int b ##查看接口ip信息 *down: administratively down !down: FIB overload down ^down: standby (l): loopback (s): spoofing (d): Dampening Suppressed The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 3 The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 8 The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 3 The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 8 Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol Ethernet0/0/0 unassigned down down Ethernet0/0/1 unassigned down down GigabitEthernet0/0/0 12.0.0.2/24 up up GigabitEthernet0/0/1 15.0.0.1/24 up up GigabitEthernet0/0/2 unassigned down down GigabitEthernet0/0/3 unassigned down down NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
4、配置R4路由
全局模式下开启dhcp服务
进入接口设置dhcp
全局模式下配置vlan地址池
设置默认路由
[R4]dhcp enable ##开启dhcp [R4]int g0/0/0 ##进入接口 [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 14.0.0.2 24 ##配置ip地址 [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select global ##设置全局 [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh [R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q [R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 14.0.0.1 ##设置默认路由 [R4]ip pool dhcp15 ##创建15网段的地址池 [R4-ip-pool-dhcp15]network 15.0.0.0 mask 24 ##设置ip地址段和子网掩码 [R4-ip-pool-dhcp15]gateway-list 15.0.0.1 ##设置网关 [R4-ip-pool-dhcp15]dns-list 8.8.8.8 2.2.2.2 ##设置dns地址 [R4-ip-pool-dhcp15]q [R4]ip pool dhcpvlan10 ##创建vlan10的地址池 [R4-ip-pool-dhcpvlan10]network 192.168.10.0 mask 24 [R4-ip-pool-dhcpvlan10]gateway-list 192.168.10.1 [R4-ip-pool-dhcpvlan10]dns-list 8.8.8.8 2.2.2.2 [R4-ip-pool-dhcpvlan10]excluded-ip-address 192.168.10.100 192.168.10.254 ##排除的地址 [R4-ip-pool-dhcpvlan10]static-bind ip-address 192.168.10.88 mac-address 5489-9820-62fb ##设置固定ip [R4-ip-pool-dhcpvlan10]q [R4]ip pool dhcpvlan20 ##创建vlan20地址池 [R4-ip-pool-dhcpvlan20]network 192.168.20.0 mask 24 [R4-ip-pool-dhcpvlan20]gateway-list 192.168.20.1 [R4-ip-pool-dhcpvlan20]dns-list 8.8.8.8 2.2.2.2[R4-ip-pool-dhcpvlan20]q
5、查看pc机是否可以获得ip地址
试验完成。
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