JS - 一些小技巧

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本文链接： https://blog.csdn.net/kelly0721/article/details/100184699

一、String Skill

格式化金钱

const ThousandNum = num => num.toString().replace(/\B(?=(\d{3})+(?!\d))/g, ",");
const money = ThousandNum(19941112);
// money => "19,941,112"

生成随机ID

const RandomId = len => Math.random().toString(36).substr(3, len);
const id = RandomId(10);
// id => "jg7zpgiqva"

操作URL查询参数

const params = new URLSearchParams(location.search.replace(/\?/ig, "")); // location.search = "?name=yajun&sex=female"
params.has("yajun"); // true
params.get("sex"); // "female"

二、Number Skill

取整

const num1 = ~~ 1.69;
const num2 = 1.69 | 0;
const num3 = 1.69 >> 0;
// num1 num2 num3 => 1 1 1

转数值：只对null、""、false、数值字符串有效,转成Number类型

const num1 = +null;
const num2 = +"";
const num3 = +false;
let num4 = +"169";
// num1 num2 num3 num4 => 0 0 0 169

时间戳

const timestamp = +new Date("2019-03-31");
// timestamp => 1553990400000

精确小数

const RoundNum = (num, decimal) => Math.round(num * 10 ** decimal) / 10 ** decimal;
const num = RoundNum(1.69, 1);
// num => 1.7

判断奇偶

const OddEven = num => !!(num & 1) ? "odd" : "even";
const num = OddEven(2);
// num => "even"

取最小最大值

const arr = [0, 1, 2];
const min = Math.min(...arr);
const max = Math.max(...arr);
// min max => 0 2

生成范围随机数

const RandomNum = (min, max) => Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)) + min;
const num = RandomNum(1, 10);
// 8

三、Boolean Skill

短路运算符

const a = d && 1; // 满足条件赋值：取假运算，从左到右依次判断，遇到假值返回假值，后面不再执行，否则返回最后一个真值
const b = d || 1; // 默认赋值：取真运算，从左到右依次判断，遇到真值返回真值，后面不再执行，否则返回最后一个假值
const c = !d; // 取假赋值：单个表达式转换为true则返回false，否则返回true

判断数据类型：undefined、null、string、number、boolean、array、object、symbol、date、regexp、function、asyncfunction、arguments、set、map、weakset、weakmap

function DataType(tgt, type) {
    const dataType = Object.prototype.toString.call(tgt).replace(/\[object /g, "").replace(/\]/g, "").toLowerCase();
    return type ? dataType === type : dataType;
}
DataType("yajun"); // "string"
DataType(19941112); // "number"
DataType(true); // "boolean"
DataType([], "array"); // true
DataType({}, "array"); // false

是否为空对象

const obj = {};
const flag = DataType(obj, "object") && !Object.keys(obj).length;
// flag => true

满足条件时执行

const flag = false; // undefined、null、""、0、false、NaN
flag && Func();

四、Array Skill

克隆数组

const _arr = [0, 1, 2];
const arr = [..._arr];
const arr = object.assign([], _arr);
const arr = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(_arr));
// arr => [0, 1, 2]

合并数组

const arr1 = [0, 1, 2];
const arr2 = [3, 4, 5];
const arr = [...arr1, ...arr2];
// arr => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5];

去重数组

const arr = [...new Set([0, 1, 1, null, null])];
// arr => [0, 1, null]

清空数组

const arr = [0, 1, 2];
arr.length = 0;
// arr => []

截断数组

const arr = [0, 1, 2];
arr.length = 2;
// arr => [0, 1]

交换赋值

let a = 0;
let b = 1;
[a, b] = [b, a];
// a b => 1 0

过滤空值：undefined、null、""、0、false、NaN

const arr = [undefined, null, "", 0, false, NaN, 1, 2].filter(Boolean);
// arr => [1, 2]

数组首部插入成员

let arr = [1, 2]; // 以下方法任选一种
arr.unshift(0);
arr = [0].concat(arr);
arr = [0, ...arr];
// arr => [0, 1, 2]

数组尾部插入成员

let a = 0;
let b = 1;
[a, b] = [b, a];
// a b => 1 0

创建指定长度数组

const arr = [...new Array(3).keys()];
// arr => [0, 1, 2]

创建指定长度且值相等的数组

const arr = new Array(3).fill(0);
// arr => [0, 0，0]

reduce代替map和filter

const _arr = [0, 1, 2];

 // map
 const arr = _arr.map(v => v * 2);
 const arr = _arr.reduce((t, c) => {
     t.push(c * 2);
     return t;
 }, []);
// arr => [0, 2, 4]

// filter
const arr = _arr.filter(v => v > 0);
const arr = _arr.reduce((t, c) => {
    c > 0 && t.push(c);
    return t;
}, []);
// arr => [1, 2]

// map和filter
const arr = _arr.map(v => v * 2).filter(v => v > 2);
const arr = _arr.reduce((t, c) => {
    c = c * 2;
    c > 2 && t.push(c);
    return t;
}, []);
// arr => [4]

五、Object Skill

克隆对象

const _obj = { a: 0, b: 1, c: 2 }; // 以下方法任选一种
const obj = { ..._obj };
const obj = Object.assign({}, _obj);
const obj = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(_obj));
// obj => { a: 0, b: 1, c: 2 }

合并对象

const obj1 = { a: 0, b: 1, c: 2 };
const obj2 = { c: 3, d: 4, e: 5 };
const obj = { ...obj1, ...obj2 };
// obj => { a: 0, b: 1, c: 3, d: 4, e: 5 }

对象字面量

const env = "prod";
const link = {
    dev: "Development Address",
    test: "Testing Address",
    prod: "Production Address"
}[env];
// link => "Production Address"

对象变量属性

const flag = false;
const obj = {
    a: 0,
    b: 1,
    [flag ? "c" : "d"]: 2
};
// obj => { a: 0, b: 1, d: 2 }

创建纯空对象

const obj = Object.create(null);
Object.prototype.a = 0;
// obj => {}

删除对象无用属性

const obj = { a: 0, b: 1, c: 2 }; // 只想拿b和c
const { a, ...rest } = obj;
// rest => { b: 1, c: 2 }

解构对象属性别名

const obj = { a: 0, b: 1, c: 2 };
const { a, b: d, c: e } = obj;
// a d e => 0 1 2

五、Function Skill

函数自执行

const Func = function() {}(); // 常用
 
 (function() {})(); // 常用
 (function() {}()); // 常用
 [function() {}()];

检测非空参数

function IsRequired() {
    throw new Error("param is required");
}
function Func(name = IsRequired()) {
    console.log("111" + name);
}
Func(); // "param is required"
Func("222"); // "111222"

优雅处理Async/Await参数

function AsyncTo(promise) {
    return promise.then(data => [null, data]).catch(err => [err]);
}
const [err, res] = await AsyncTo(Func());

优雅处理多个函数返回值

function Func() {
    return Promise.all([
        fetch("/user"),
        fetch("/comment")
    ]);
}
const [user, comment] = await Func(); // 需在async包围下使用