（12）ElasticSearch 基本查询（Query查询）

1、数据准备

PUT /lib3
{
    "settings":{
        "number_of_shards":3,
        "number_of_replicas":0
      },
        "mappings":{
            "user":{
                "properties":{
                    "name":{"type":"text"},
                    "address":{"type":"text"},
                    "age":{"type":"integer"},
                    "interests":{"type":"text"},
                    "birthday":{"type":"date"}
                }
            }
        }
}

put /lib3/user/1
{
    "name":"zhaoliu",
    "address":"hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
    "age":50,
    "birthday":"1970-12-12",
    "interests":"xi huang hejiu,duanlian,lvyou"
}

put /lib3/user/2
{
    "name":"zhaoming",
    "address":"bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
    "age":20,
    "birthday":"1998-10-12",
    "interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
}

put /lib3/user/3
{
    "name":"lisi",
    "address":"bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
    "age":23,
    "birthday":"1998-10-12",
    "interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
}

put /lib3/user/4
{
    "name":"wangwu",
    "address":"bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
    "age":26,
    "birthday":"1998-10-12",
    "interests":"xi huan biancheng,tingyinyue,lvyou"
}

put /lib3/user/5
{
    "name":"zhangsan",
    "address":"bei jing chao yang qu",
    "age":29,
    "birthday":"1988-10-12",
    "interests":"xi huan tingyinyue,changge,tiaowu"
}

2、查询

　　GET /lib3/user/_search?q=name:lisi　　查询name是lisi的记录

　　GET /lib3/user/_search?q=interests:changge&sort=age:desc　　查询兴趣包含唱歌的，并且按照年龄倒序排序

　　term、terms查询：

　　term query会去倒排索引中寻找确切的term，它并不知道分词器的存在，这种查询适合keyword、numeric、date。

　　term：查询某个字段里含有某个关键词的文档

　　（1）查询name是zhaoliu的：

GET /lib3/user/_search/
{
    "query":{
        "term":{"name":"zhaoliu"}
    }
}

　　（2）查询兴趣包含喝酒或者唱歌的：

get /lib3/user/_search
{
    "query":{
        "terms":{
            "interests":["hejiu","changge"]
        }
    }
}

　　（3）查询兴趣包含喝酒或者唱歌的，下标从0开始，取出两个：

get /lib3/user/_search
{
    "from":0,
    "size":2,
    "query":{
        "terms":{
            "interests":["hejiu","changge"]
        }
    }
}