一、使用Maven构建一个简单的Java项目
mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.hy -DartifactId=my-java -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -DinteractiveMode=false
[INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.hy [INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.hy [INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.hy [INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: my-java [INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: /home/haha/work/ws [INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT [INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: /home/haha/work/ws/my-java [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 13.209s [INFO] Finished at: Fri May 24 08:42:57 CST 2013 [INFO] Final Memory: 15M/116M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.hy</groupId>
<artifactId>my-java</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>my-java</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
<project> pom文件的顶级节点 <modelVersion> object model版本，对Maven2和Maven3来说，只能是4.0.0 <groupId> 项目创建组织的标识符，一般是域名的倒写 <artifactId> 定义了项目在所属组织的标识符下的唯一标识，一个组织下可以有多个项目 <packaging> 打包的方式，有jar、war、ear等 <version> 当前项目的版本，SNAPSHOT，表示是快照版本，在开发中 <name> 项目的名称 <url> 项目的地址 <dependencies> 构建项目依赖的jar <description> 项目的描述
二、编译程序
1）编译源程序，执行命令：mvn clean compile
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to /home/haha/work/ws/my-java/target/classes [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 23.488s [INFO] Finished at: Fri May 24 08:54:24 CST 2013 [INFO] Final Memory: 15M/116M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
2）测试，执行命令：mvc clean test
------------------------------------------------------- T E S T S ------------------------------------------------------- Running com.hy.AppTest Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.04 sec Results : Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 26.810s [INFO] Finished at: Fri May 24 08:55:52 CST 2013 [INFO] Final Memory: 16M/117M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
3）打包，执行命令：mvc clean package，执行打包命令前，会先执行编译和测试命令
[INFO] Building jar: /home/haha/work/ws/my-java/target/my-java-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 16.709s [INFO] Finished at: Fri May 24 09:03:25 CST 2013 [INFO] Final Memory: 19M/117M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
4）安装，执行命令：mvc clean install ，执行安装命令前，会先执行编译、测试、打包命令
[INFO] Installing /home/haha/work/ws/my-java/pom.xml to /home/haha/.m2/repository/com/hy/my-java/1.0-SNAPSHOT/my-java-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 13.877s [INFO] Finished at: Fri May 24 09:05:30 CST 2013 [INFO] Final Memory: 22M/118M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
5）运行jar包，执行命令：java -cp target/my-java-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar com.hy.App
java -cp target/my-java-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar com.hy.App Hello World!
6）编译成eclipse工程并导入，执行命令：mvn eclipse:eclipse
[INFO] Using Eclipse Workspace: /home/haha/work/ws [INFO] Adding default classpath container: org.eclipse.jdt.launching.JRE_CONTAINER [INFO] Not writing settings - defaults suffice [INFO] Wrote Eclipse project for "my-java" to /home/haha/work/ws/my-java. [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 25.461s [INFO] Finished at: Fri May 24 09:15:34 CST 2013 [INFO] Final Memory: 14M/117M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
三、web项目搭建
1) 生成工程，执行：mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.hy -DartifactId=my-web -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DinteractivMode=false
[INFO] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Using following parameters for creating project from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-webapp:1.0 [INFO] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.hy [INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.hy [INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.hy [INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: my-web [INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: /home/haha/work/ws [INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT [INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: /home/haha/work/ws/my-web [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 34.159s [INFO] Finished at: Sun May 26 22:25:49 CST 2013 [INFO] Final Memory: 13M/116M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)打包，执行：mvn package
[INFO] Packaging webapp [INFO] Assembling webapp [my-web] in [/home/haha/work/ws/my-web/target/my-web] [INFO] Processing war project [INFO] Copying webapp resources [/home/haha/work/ws/my-web/src/main/webapp] [INFO] Webapp assembled in [137 msecs] [INFO] Building war: /home/haha/work/ws/my-web/target/my-web.war [INFO] WEB-INF/web.xml already added, skipping [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 19.123s [INFO] Finished at: Sun May 26 22:31:05 CST 2013 [INFO] Final Memory: 14M/114M [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
3）将生成的war包copy到服务器，如jetty的wapapps目录
4）使用maven的jetty插件，启动8080端口，访问web应用,执行，mvn jetty:run
<pluginManagement>
<!--配置Jetty-->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jetty-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>