【ASP.NET Core分布式项目实战】（五）Docker制作dotnet core控制台程序镜像

其他 2019-07-07 11:48:16 阅读次数: 0

Docker制作dotnet core控制台程序镜像

基于dotnet SDK

  1. 新建控制台程序
    mkdir /home/console
cd /home/console
dotnet new console
dotnet restore
  2. 创建 Dockerfile 文件，参考https://github.com/dotnet/dotnet-docker/blob/master/samples/aspnetapp/Dockerfile
    vim /home/console/Dockerfile

# ------

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk:2.2 AS build
WORKDIR /app

COPY . /app

RUN dotnet run

  3. 构建镜像

    docker build -t wyt/console:dev .
  4. 运行容器
    dotnet run --name console-dev wyt/console

基于dotnet Runtime

  1. 新建控制台程序
    mkdir /home/console
cd /home/console
dotnet new console
dotnet restore
    using System;
using System.Threading;

namespace console
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Hello World from docker!");

            Thread.Sleep(Timeout.Infinite);
        }
    }
}
    View Code
  2. 创建 Dockerfile 文件
    FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk:2.2 AS build
WORKDIR /code

COPY *.csproj /code
RUN dotnet restore

COPY . /code
RUN dotnet publish -c Release -o out

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:2.2 AS runtime
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=build /code/out /app
ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "console.dll"]
  3. 构建镜像
    docker build -t wyt/console:prod .
  4. 运行容器
    docker run --name=console-prod wyt/console:prod

镜像大小对比

docker images
REPOSITORY                             TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
wyt/console                            prod                d2c683338197        3 minutes ago       260MB
wyt/console                            dev                 93b346366bc5        20 minutes ago      1.74GB
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk      2.2                 155911c343f3        11 days ago         1.74GB
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet   2.2                 c56aab97bc42        11 days ago         260MB

Mysql EF Core 快速构建 web api

  1. 新建文件夹beta，创建WebAPI项目User.API，添加EFCore引用
    Install-Package MySql.Data.EntityFrameworkCore
  2. 新建文件夹Data、Models 
    新建 AppUser.cs 
    namespace User.API.Models
{
    public class AppUser
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Company { get; set; }
        public string Title { get; set; }
    }
}
    View Code

    新建 UserContext.cs 

    namespace User.API.Data
{
    public class UserContext:DbContext
    {
        public UserContext(DbContextOptions<UserContext> options) : base(options)
        { }
        
        public DbSet<AppUser> Users { get; set; }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            modelBuilder.Entity<AppUser>().ToTable(nameof(Users)).HasKey(t => t.Id);

            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
        }
    }
}
    View Code
  3. 修改 Startup.cs 
    namespace User.API
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddDbContext<UserContext>(options =>
            {
                options.UseMySQL(Configuration.GetConnectionString("MysqlUser"));
            });


            services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2);
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            app.UseMvc();

            InitDatabase(app);
        }

        public void InitDatabase(IApplicationBuilder app)
        {
            using (var scope=app.ApplicationServices.CreateScope())
            {
                var userContext = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<UserContext>();
                //userContext.Database.Migrate();
                if (userContext.Users.Count()==0)
                {
                    userContext.Users.Add(new AppUser()
                    {
                        Name = "wyt"
                    });
                    userContext.SaveChanges();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
    View Code
  4. 修改 appsettings.json 添加数据库配置
    "ConnectionStrings": {
  "MysqlUser": "Server=192.168.103.240;Port=3306;Database=beta_user;Uid=root;Pwd=pwd123456"
}

  5. 生成数据库

    Add-Migration init
Update-Database
  6. 修改 ValuesController.cs 加入依赖注入
    namespace User.API.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    [ApiController]
    public class ValuesController : Controller
    {
        private UserContext _userContext;

        public ValuesController(UserContext userContext)
        {
            _userContext = userContext;
        }

        // GET api/values
        [HttpGet]
        public async  Task<IActionResult> Get()
        {
            return Json(await _userContext.Users.FirstOrDefaultAsync(u => u.Name == "wyt"));
        }
    }
}
    View Code

  7. 访问api

ASPNETCORE WEB API与MYSQL互联

  • 修改 appsettings.json 与 appsettings.Development.json ，采用不同配置
    //appsettings.json

{
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Warning"
    }
  },
  "AllowedHosts": "*",
  "ConnectionStrings": {
    "MysqlUser": "Server=db;Port=3306;Database=beta_user;Uid=root;Pwd=pwd123456"
  }
}

//appsettings.Development.json

{
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Debug",
      "System": "Information",
      "Microsoft": "Information"
    }
  },
  "ConnectionStrings": {
    "MysqlUser": "Server=47.111.84.191;Port=3306;Database=beta_user;Uid=root;Pwd=pwd123456"
  }
}

  • 修改 Program.cs 设置80端口

    public static IWebHostBuilder CreateWebHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
    WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
        .UseUrls("http://*:80")
        .UseStartup<Startup>();

  • 创建 Dockerfile 

    FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk:2.2 AS build
WORKDIR /code
COPY *.csproj ./
RUN dotnet restore

COPY . ./
RUN dotnet publish -c Release -o out

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:2.2 AS runtime
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=build /code/out ./

EXPOSE 80

ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "User.API.dll"]

  • 拷贝到Linux服务器上，并执行下方命令创建镜像

    docker build -t wyt/aspnetcore:pred .
    [root@localhost User.API]# docker build -t wyt/aspnetcore:pred .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  1.265MB
Step 1/11 : FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk:2.2 AS build
 ---> 155911c343f3
Step 2/11 : WORKDIR /code
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 3e2cb7223b3b
Step 3/11 : COPY *.csproj ./
 ---> 6f6d88b83c75
Step 4/11 : RUN dotnet restore
 ---> Running in c538c0a59636
  Restore completed in 3.85 sec for /code/User.API.csproj.
Removing intermediate container c538c0a59636
 ---> 6e45bd786a9c
Step 5/11 : COPY . ./
 ---> 50ac66ac3f97
Step 6/11 : RUN dotnet publish -c Release -o out
 ---> Running in 9febf9972a3d
Microsoft (R) Build Engine version 16.1.76+g14b0a930a7 for .NET Core
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

  Restore completed in 667.65 ms for /code/User.API.csproj.
  User.API -> /code/bin/Release/netcoreapp2.2/User.API.dll
  User.API -> /code/out/
Removing intermediate container 9febf9972a3d
 ---> a7c92c3fd98b
Step 7/11 : FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:2.2 AS runtime
 ---> c56aab97bc42
Step 8/11 : WORKDIR /app
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 12d1df98dc50
Step 9/11 : COPY --from=build /code/out ./
 ---> Using cache
 ---> b901e53b64f8
Step 10/11 : EXPOSE 80
 ---> Using cache
 ---> c61ad551fa76
Step 11/11 : ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "User.API.dll"]
 ---> Running in 36c66859c548
Removing intermediate container 36c66859c548
 ---> 063fc4fe64ed
Successfully built 063fc4fe64ed
Successfully tagged wyt/aspnetcore:pred
    View Code

  • 运行容器，进行端口映射和容器关联

    docker run -d -p 8002:80 --name aspnetcore --link mysql01:db wyt/aspnetcore:pred

  • 成功访问
     

Docker Network

  1. 创建新的桥接网段
    # 创建mybridge桥接网段
docker network create -d bridge mybridge
# 显示网络信息
docker network ls
  2. 通过桥接网络创建新的 aspnetcore 容器
    # 删除之前创建的容器
docker rm aspnetcore -f
# 使用mybridge桥接网段创建新的容器
docker run -d -p 8002:80 --net mybridge --name aspnetcore wyt/aspnetcore:pred
    我们可以通过命令查看容器 aspnetcore 的ip信息，为172.17.0.4
    docker inspect aspnetcore
  3. 将 mybridge 桥接网段与 mysql01 进行桥接
    # 将mybridge网段与mysql01所在网段进行桥接
docker network connect mybridge mysql01

    这时可以查看 mysql01 的ip，然后进入 aspnetcore 容器内尝试是否可以ping通

    docker exec -it aspnetcore bash
apt-get update -y
apt-get install iputils-ping -y
apt-get install net-tools -y
ping 172.18.0.3

  4. 由于我们没有进行数据卷映射，所以配置文件无法更改，备注： appsettings.json 中使用的数据库为db，所以我们只能将 mysql01 改为 db 

    # 容器重命名
docker rename mysql01 db

     方法二

    # 进入容器
docker exec -it aspnetcore bash
ls
apt-get install vim -y
# 修改配置
vim appsettings.json
exit
# 重启容器
docker restart aspnetcore
  5. 完成
    curl http://47.111.84.191:8002/api/values

    或者访问

制作 docker compose

  1. 修改User.API项目
    # Startup.cs
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
{
    if (env.IsDevelopment())
    {
        app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
    }
    app.UseMvc();

    UserContextSeed.SeedAsync(app,loggerFactory);
}


# /Data/UserContextSeed.cs
public class UserContextSeed
{

    private ILogger<UserContextSeed> _logger;
    public UserContextSeed(ILogger<UserContextSeed> logger)
    {
        _logger = logger;
    }

    public static async Task SeedAsync(IApplicationBuilder app, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
    {
        using (var scope = app.ApplicationServices.CreateScope())
        {
            var userContext = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<UserContext>();
            var logger = (ILogger<UserContextSeed>)scope.ServiceProvider.GetService(typeof(ILogger<UserContextSeed>));
            logger.LogDebug("Begin UserContextSeed SeedAsync");

            userContext.Database.Migrate();

            if (userContext.Users.Count() == 0)
            {
                userContext.Users.Add(new AppUser()
                {
                    Name = "wyt"
                });
                userContext.SaveChanges();
            }
        }
    }
}
    View Code
  2. 安装docker-compose
    # 下载Docker Compose的当前稳定版本
sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.24.0/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
# https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.24.1/docker-compose-Linux-x86_64
# 建议迅雷下载后进行重命名，这样速度快
# 对二进制文件应用可执行权限
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
# 测试安装
docker-compose --version
  3. 新建文件 docker-compose.yml 
    version: '3'

services: 
  db: 
    image: mysql/mysql-server
    container_name: db
    command: mysqld --character-set-server=utf8 --collation-server=utf8_general_ci
    restart: always
    ports:
      - '3306:3306'  #host物理直接映射端口为3306
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: pwd123456 #root管理员用户密码
      MYSQL_USER: jeese   #创建jeese用户
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: pwd123456  #设置jeese用户的密码
      MYSQL_ROOT_HOST: '%'
    volumes:
      - "/home/wyt/beta/mysql-init:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d"  #设置数据库自动执行脚本目录，目录要存在

  web: 
    build: .
    container_name: aspnetcore
    ports:
      - '8003:80'  #host物理直接映射端口为3306
    depends_on: 
      - db
    # 初始化脚本mysql-init/init.sql
use mysql;
ALTER USER 'jeese'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'pwd123456';
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'pwd123456';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

  4. docker-compose构建

    docker-compose build
    [root@localhost User.API]# docker-compose build
db uses an image, skipping
Building web
Step 1/11 : FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk:2.2 AS build
 ---> 155911c343f3
Step 2/11 : WORKDIR /code
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 7525de38c042
Step 3/11 : COPY *.csproj ./
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 397affedf1a6
Step 4/11 : RUN dotnet restore
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 964ce7a0de36
Step 5/11 : COPY . ./
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 5d18774ff1df
Step 6/11 : RUN dotnet publish -c Release -o out
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 3353849a8dd8
Step 7/11 : FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:2.2 AS runtime
 ---> c56aab97bc42
Step 8/11 : WORKDIR /app
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 12d1df98dc50
Step 9/11 : COPY --from=build /code/out ./
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 4e6819b010fe
Step 10/11 : EXPOSE 80
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 2ee374887860
Step 11/11 : ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "User.API.dll"]
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 2b06acc1b707
Successfully built 2b06acc1b707
Successfully tagged userapi_web:latest
    View Code 
    docker-compose up
    [root@localhost User.API]# docker-compose up
Creating network "userapi_default" with the default driver
Creating db ... done
Creating aspnetcore ... done
Attaching to db, aspnetcore
db     | [Entrypoint] MySQL Docker Image 8.0.16-1.1.11
db     | [Entrypoint] Initializing database
aspnetcore | warn: Microsoft.AspNetCore.DataProtection.KeyManagement.XmlKeyManager[35]
aspnetcore |       No XML encryptor configured. Key {67f35cc4-a4c3-4224-ba07-7a0753ed0d09} may be persisted to storage in unencrypted form.
aspnetcore | Hosting environment: Production
aspnetcore | Content root path: /app
aspnetcore | Now listening on: http://[::]:80
aspnetcore | Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:43.358708Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.16) initializing of server in progress as process 20
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:43.360043Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013242] [Server] --character-set-server: 'utf8' is currently an alias for the character set UTF8MB3, but will be an alias for UTF8MB4 in a future release. Please consider using UTF8MB4 in order to be unambiguous.
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:43.360052Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013244] [Server] --collation-server: 'utf8_general_ci' is a collation of the deprecated character set UTF8MB3. Please consider using UTF8MB4 with an appropriate collation instead.
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:46.943704Z 5 [Warning] [MY-010453] [Server] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:48.131450Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.16) initializing of server has completed
db     | [Entrypoint] Database initialized
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:49.902213Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.16) starting as process 66
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:49.903376Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013242] [Server] --character-set-server: 'utf8' is currently an alias for the character set UTF8MB3, but will be an alias for UTF8MB4 in a future release. Please consider using UTF8MB4 in order to be unambiguous.
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:49.903389Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013244] [Server] --collation-server: 'utf8_general_ci' is a collation of the deprecated character set UTF8MB3. Please consider using UTF8MB4 with an appropriate collation instead.
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:50.456492Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:50.477501Z 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '8.0.16'  socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock'  port: 0  MySQL Community Server - GPL.
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:50.558190Z 0 [System] [MY-011323] [Server] X Plugin ready for connections. Socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqlx.sock'
db     | Warning: Unable to load '/usr/share/zoneinfo/iso3166.tab' as time zone. Skipping it.
db     | Warning: Unable to load '/usr/share/zoneinfo/leapseconds' as time zone. Skipping it.
db     | Warning: Unable to load '/usr/share/zoneinfo/tzdata.zi' as time zone. Skipping it.
db     | Warning: Unable to load '/usr/share/zoneinfo/zone.tab' as time zone. Skipping it.
db     | Warning: Unable to load '/usr/share/zoneinfo/zone1970.tab' as time zone. Skipping it.
db     | 
db     | [Entrypoint] running /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
db     | 
db     | 
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:52.092496Z 12 [System] [MY-013172] [Server] Received SHUTDOWN from user root. Shutting down mysqld (Version: 8.0.16).
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:54.191280Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.16)  MySQL Community Server - GPL.
db     | [Entrypoint] Server shut down
db     | 
db     | [Entrypoint] MySQL init process done. Ready for start up.
db     | 
db     | [Entrypoint] Starting MySQL 8.0.16-1.1.11
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:55.417600Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.16) starting as process 1
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:55.419490Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013242] [Server] --character-set-server: 'utf8' is currently an alias for the character set UTF8MB3, but will be an alias for UTF8MB4 in a future release. Please consider using UTF8MB4 in order to be unambiguous.
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:55.419504Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013244] [Server] --collation-server: 'utf8_general_ci' is a collation of the deprecated character set UTF8MB3. Please consider using UTF8MB4 with an appropriate collation instead.
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:55.858661Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:55.880107Z 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '8.0.16'  socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock'  port: 3306  MySQL Community Server - GPL.
db     | 2019-07-05T09:27:56.066024Z 0 [System] [MY-011323] [Server] X Plugin ready for connections. Socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqlx.sock' bind-address: '::' port: 33060
aspnetcore | Application is shutting down...
aspnetcore exited with code 0
aspnetcore | Hosting environment: Production
aspnetcore | Content root path: /app
aspnetcore | Now listening on: http://[::]:80
aspnetcore | Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.
    View Code 
    # 停止docker-compose
# docker-compose down

启动问题解决方式:由于docker-compose.yml文件中存在db依赖，所以要修改/Data/UserContextSeed.cs进行延迟数据库自动初始化

public static async Task SeedAsync(IApplicationBuilder app, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory,int? retry=0)
{
    var retryForAvaiability = retry.Value;
    try
    {
        using (var scope = app.ApplicationServices.CreateScope())
        {
            var userContext = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<UserContext>();
            var logger = (ILogger<UserContextSeed>)scope.ServiceProvider.GetService(typeof(ILogger<UserContextSeed>));
            logger.LogDebug("Begin UserContextSeed SeedAsync");

            userContext.Database.Migrate();

            if (userContext.Users.Count() == 0)
            {
                userContext.Users.Add(new AppUser()
                {
                    Name = "wyt"
                });
                userContext.SaveChanges();
            }
        }
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        if (retryForAvaiability<10)
        {
            retryForAvaiability++;
            var logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger(typeof(UserContextSeed));
            logger.LogError(ex.ToString());
            await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));
            await SeedAsync(app, loggerFactory, retryForAvaiability);
        }
    }
}
View Code

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