history模式（推荐）
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>前端路由实现</title>
<style>
.warp{
width:400px;
height:400px;
border:1px solid grey;
margin:0 auto;
}
.nav{
border-bottom:1px solid grey;
}
.nav li{
display:inline-block;
list-style:none;
}
.nav li a{
display:inline-block;
text-decoration: none;
padding:10px 15px;
}
.router{
padding:20px;
}
a{
cursor: pointer;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<section class="warp">
<div class="nav">
<ul>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0)" data-path="index">首页</a></li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0)" data-path="news">新闻</a></li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0)" data-path="about">关于</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="router" class="router">
<!-- 内容加载区域 -->
</div>
</section>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>
;(function(){
history.replaceState(null,null,'');//最开始的状态，采用replace直接替换
$('#router').html('<p>nav1</p>')
$('a').on('click',function(){
console.log(this.text)
var text = this.text;
$('#router').html('<p>'+ text +'</p>')
history.pushState(null,null,'#/'+text);
})
})()
</script>
</body>
</html>
hash模式
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<script>
function Router() {
this.routes = {};
this.currentUrl = '';
}
Router.prototype.route = function(path, callback) {
this.routes[path] = callback || function(){};//给不同的hash设置不同的回调函数
};
Router.prototype.refresh = function() {
console.log(location.hash.slice(1));//获取到相应的hash值
this.currentUrl = location.hash.slice(1) || '/';//如果存在hash值则获取到，否则设置hash值为/
// console.log(this.currentUrl);
this.routes[this.currentUrl]();//根据当前的hash值来调用相对应的回调函数
};
Router.prototype.init = function() {
window.addEventListener('load', this.refresh.bind(this), false);
window.addEventListener('hashchange', this.refresh.bind(this), false);
}
//给window对象挂载属性
window.Router = new Router();
window.Router.init();
Router.route('/', function() {
console.log("test");
});
Router.route('/1', function() {
console.log("aaa");
});
Router.route('/2', function() {
console.log("bbb");
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
history模式中popstate(event)，pushstate(state,title,url)，replacestate(state,title,url)，三者调用参考：
https://www.jb51.net/html5/606481.html