模拟登陆知乎，返回400

模拟登陆知乎后，跳转到首页，返回400，请求无效，应该是知乎对request请求有做要求。

看了下请求头，主要关注cookie、referer和user_agent（不要问为什么，我看视频的），cookie在scrapy.Request里有单独参数。不管怎样，先测试下：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy,os,re
from scrapy.http import Request
from mouse import move
class ZhihuSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'zhihu'
    allowed_domains = ['zhihu.com']
    start_urls = ['http://zhihu.com/']

    headers = {
        # "HOST": "www.zhihu.com",
        "Referer": "https://www.zhizhu.com",
        'User-Agent': "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/60.0.3112.113 Safari/537.36"
    }
    custom_settings = {
        "COOKIES_ENABLED": True,
        'User-Agent':"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/60.0.3112.113 Safari/537.36",
        'HTTPERROR_ALLOWED_CODES' : [400]
    }
    def parse(self, response):

        pass

    def parse_request(self,response):
        pass

    def parse_answer(self,response):
        pass

    def start_requests(self):

        from selenium import webdriver
        from scrapy.selector import Selector

        project_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))

        chromedriver_dir = os.path.join(project_dir, "tools\\chromedriver.exe")
        browser = webdriver.Chrome(
            executable_path=chromedriver_dir)

        browser.get("https://www.zhihu.com/signup?next=%2F")

        # 模拟登录知乎,选择登录选项
        # info = response.xpath('//*[@id="root"]/div/main/div/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/span/text()')
        browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="root"]/div/main/div/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/span').click()
        # 输入账号//*div[@class='SignFlow-accountInput Input-wrapper']/input
        browser.find_element_by_xpath(
            '//*[@id="root"]/div/main/div/div/div/div[2]/div[1]/form/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/input').send_keys(
            "[email protected]")
        # 输入密码
        browser.find_element_by_xpath(
            '//*[@id="root"]/div/main/div/div/div/div[2]/div[1]/form/div[2]/div/div[1]/input').send_keys("*****")
        # 模拟登录知乎,点击登录按钮
        # //*[@id="root"]/div/main/div/div/div/div[2]/div[1]/form/button
        browser.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="root"]/div/main/div/div/div/div[2]/div[1]/form/button').click()
        import time
        time.sleep(10)
        Cookies = browser.get_cookies()
        print(Cookies)
        cookie_dict = {}
        import pickle
        pickle.dump(Cookies,
                    open("./ArticleSpider/cookies/zhihu.cookie", "wb"))
        # for cookie in Cookies:
        #     # 写入文件
        #     zhihu_cookie_dir = os.path.join(project_dir, "cookies\\zhihu\\")
        #     f = open(zhihu_cookie_dir + cookie['name'] + '.zhihu', "wb")
        #     pickle.dump(cookie, f)
        #     f.close()
        #     cookie_dict[cookie['name']] = cookie['value']
        cookie_dict = {}
        for cookie in Cookies:
            cookie_dict[cookie["name"]] = cookie["value"]
        # browser.close()
        # return Request(url=r"https://www.zhihu.com/",headers=self.headers,cookies=cookie_dict,callback=self.check_login)
        return [Request(url=self.start_urls[0], dont_filter=True,headers=self.headers, cookies=cookie_dict)]

在Request里加上headers，再跳转到parse时，response就能看到首页了：