scala之actor入门

版权声明: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39966065/article/details/89979260

目录

 

0、Acotr

1、Actor的创建、启动和消息收发

2、收发case class类型的消息

3、Actor之间互相收发消息

4、同步消息和Future(例子待合适情景验证)


0、Acotr

(1)java 和 scala 的关联:
Scala的Actor类似于Java中的多线程编程

(2)java 和 scala 的区别:
1>Scala的Actor尽可能地避免锁和共享状态,从而避免多线程并发时出现资源争用的情况,进而提升多线程编程的性能
2>Scala Actor的这种模型还可以避免死锁等一系列传统多线程编程的问题

(3)Spark中使用的分布式多线程框架:Akka

1、Actor的创建、启动和消息收发

(1)结构:
1>声明结构:
class xxActor extends Actor {
  def act() {
    while (true) {
      receive {
        case name:String => 功能代码
      }
    }
  }
}

2>调用结构:

xxActor.start()
xxActor ! var

例子: 
import scala.actors.Actor

class HelloActor extends Actor {
  def act() {
    while (true) {
      receive {
        case name: String => println("Hello, " + name)
      }
    }
  }
}

val helloActor = new HelloActor
helloActor.start()
helloActor ! "leo"

(2)特点: 
actor内部使用receive和模式匹配接收消息
使用!符号,向actor发送消息
 

2、收发case class类型的消息

(1)特点:匹配一个Class(更加饱满的进行消息传递)

case class来作为消息进行发送

例子: 
case class Login(username: String, password: String)
case class Register(username: String, password: String)
class UserManageActor extends Actor {
  def act() {
    while (true) {
      receive {
        case Login(username, password) => println("login, username is " + username + ", password is " + password)
        case Register(username, password) => println("register, username is " + username + ", password is " + password)
      }
    }
  }
}
val userManageActor = new UserManageActor
userManageActor.start()
userManageActor ! Register("leo", "1234"); userManageActor ! Login("leo", "1234")

3、Actor之间互相收发消息

互发消息的思路:
传递参数,新增一个Actor传入,在功能代码中进行调用即可!! 

例子: 打电话
case class Message(content: String, sender: Actor)
class LeoTelephoneActor extends Actor {
  def act() {
    while (true) {
      receive {
        case Message(content, sender) => { println("leo telephone: " + content); sender ! "I'm leo, please call me after 10 minutes." }
      }
    }
  }
}

class JackTelephoneActor(val leoTelephoneActor: Actor) extends Actor {
  def act() {
    leoTelephoneActor ! Message("Hello, Leo, I'm Jack.", this)
    receive {
      case response: String => println("jack telephone: " + response)
    }
  }
}


为何建议使用 "case class" , 普通类是否可行?

举例:
假如以上的Message创建替换为:
class Message(content: String, sender: Actor)
结果:则在case 匹配语句中,无法检测到 可匹配的Message类
结论:使用 case class 类来配合使用  “case” 语句

4、同步消息和Future(例子待合适情景验证)

(1)同步:
方式:即对方接受后,一定要给自己返回结果,那么可以使用!?的方式发送消息
结构:val reply = actor !? message

例子:
import scala.actors.Actor

class HelloActor extends Actor {
  def act() {
    while (true) {
      receive {
        case name: String => "Hello, " + name
      }
    }
  }
}

val helloActor = new HelloActor
helloActor.start()
val reply = helloActor !? "leo"


(2)异步
默认异步:之前的 "actor ! message " 的发送方式

后续主动获取返回值:
val future = actor !! message;
val reply = future()

例子:
import scala.actors.Actor
class HelloActor extends Actor {
  def act() {
    while (true) {
      receive {
        case name: String => "Hello, " + name
      }
    }
  }
}

val helloActor = new HelloActor
helloActor.start()
val future = helloActor !! "leo"
val reply = future()

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转载自blog.csdn.net/weixin_39966065/article/details/89979260