这两天在实现一个将数据导出到Excel功能的时候，在网上搜索了很多案例，方式有多种，有一种使用POI的，用到继承AbstractExcelView这个类来进行实现，但是随着Spring版本的更新，这个逐渐被弃用。在网上查阅诸多案例之后，做了如下总结：
1. 构建Java Web项目（Maven构建）
2. 导入支持jar：
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi Excel处理支持 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId> <version>3.15-beta2</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml-schemas --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId> <version>3.17</version> </dependency>
3.主要类：
模拟数据实体类（Student.java）:
package com.ed.util;
public class Student
{
private String id;
private String name;
private String sex;
private String birth;
public Student()
{
}
public Student(String id, String name, String sex, String birth)
{
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.sex = sex;
this.birth = birth;
}
public String getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(String id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
public void setName(String name)
{
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex()
{
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex)
{
this.sex = sex;
}
public String getBirth()
{
return birth;
}
public void setBirth(String birth)
{
this.birth = birth;
}
}
控制类（ExcelDemo.java）:
package com.ed.util;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
public class ExcelDemo extends HttpServlet{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd");
OutputStream os = null;
XSSFWorkbook xWorkbook = null;
try {
//定义表格导出时默认文件名 时间戳
String fileName = df.format(new Date()) + ".xlsx";
os = response.getOutputStream();
response.reset();
//作用：在前端作用显示为调用浏览器下载弹窗
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename = " + URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));
/*response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename = " + new String(fileName.getBytes(fileName), "ISO8859-1"));*/
response.setContentType("application/octet-streem");
//创建表格工作空间
xWorkbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
//创建一个新表格
XSSFSheet xSheet = xWorkbook.createSheet("学生信息表");
//set Sheet页头部
setSheetHeader(xWorkbook, xSheet);
//set Sheet页内容
setSheetContent(xWorkbook, xSheet);
xWorkbook.write(os);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (null != os) {
try {
os.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (null != xWorkbook) {
try {
xWorkbook.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");
}
/**
* 配置Excel表格的顶部信息，如：学号 姓名 年龄 出生年月
* @param xWorkbook
* @param xSheet
*/
private void setSheetContent(XSSFWorkbook xWorkbook, XSSFSheet xSheet) {
//设置表格的宽度 xSheet.setColumnWidth(0, 20 * 256); 中的数字 20 自行设置为自己适用的
xSheet.setColumnWidth(0, 20 * 256);
xSheet.setColumnWidth(1, 15 * 256);
xSheet.setColumnWidth(2, 15 * 256);
xSheet.setColumnWidth(3, 20 * 256);
//创建表格的样式
CellStyle cs = xWorkbook.createCellStyle();
//设置水平、垂直居中
cs.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
cs.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
//设置字体
Font headerFont = xWorkbook.createFont();
headerFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
/*headerFont.setBoldweight(XSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);*/
headerFont.setBoldweight(XSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
headerFont.setFontName("宋体");
cs.setFont(headerFont);
cs.setWrapText(true);//是否自动换行
//创建一行
XSSFRow xRow0 = xSheet.createRow(0);
//设置每一列
XSSFCell xCell0 = xRow0.createCell(0);
xCell0.setCellStyle(cs);
xCell0.setCellValue("学号");
XSSFCell xCell1 = xRow0.createCell(1);
xCell1.setCellStyle(cs);
xCell1.setCellValue("姓名");
XSSFCell xCell2 = xRow0.createCell(2);
xCell2.setCellStyle(cs);
xCell2.setCellValue("性别");
XSSFCell xCell3 = xRow0.createCell(3);
xCell3.setCellStyle(cs);
xCell3.setCellValue("出生年月");
}
/**
* 配置(赋值)表格内容部分
* @param xWorkbook
* @param xSheet
* @throws Exception
*/
private void setSheetHeader(XSSFWorkbook xWorkbook, XSSFSheet xSheet) throws Exception {
//由于太过匆忙，前端页面显示的数据都是静态数据，此处定义了一个List传入了静态写死的数据来模拟
List<Student> listStu = getStudent();
//创建内容样式（头部以下的样式）
CellStyle cs = xWorkbook.createCellStyle();
cs.setWrapText(true);
//设置水平垂直居中
cs.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
cs.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
if (null != listStu && listStu.size() > 0) {
for (int i = 0; i < listStu.size(); i++) {
XSSFRow xRow = xSheet.createRow(i + 1);
//设置第一列学号的值
XSSFCell xCell0 = xRow.createCell(0);
xCell0.setCellStyle(cs);
xCell0.setCellValue(listStu.get(i).getId());
//设置第二列姓名的值
XSSFCell xCell1 = xRow.createCell(1);
xCell1.setCellStyle(cs);
xCell1.setCellValue(listStu.get(i).getName());
//设置第三列性别的值
XSSFCell xCell2 = xRow.createCell(2);
xCell2.setCellStyle(cs);
xCell2.setCellValue(listStu.get(i).getSex());
//设置第四列性别的值
XSSFCell xCell3 = xRow.createCell(3);
xCell3.setCellStyle(cs);
xCell3.setCellValue(listStu.get(i).getBirth());
}
}
}
/**
* @功能：提供模拟数据导入到Excel表格
*/
private static List<Student> getStudent() throws Exception
{
List<Student> list = new ArrayList<Student>();
Student user1 = new Student("1001", "张三", "男", "1997-03-12");
Student user2 = new Student("1002", "李四", "女", "1996-08-12");
Student user3 = new Student("1003", "王五", "女", "1985-11-12");
list.add(user1);
list.add(user2);
list.add(user3);
return list;
}
}
4. jsp页面
<%@page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
table{
border:1px solid #000;
}
table td{
border:1px solid #000;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>学生信息表</h3>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<td>学 号</td>
<td>姓 名</td>
<td>性 别</td>
<td>出生年月</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>1001</td>
<td>张三</td>
<td>男</td>
<td>1997-03-12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1002</td>
<td>李四</td>
<td>女</td>
<td>1996-08-12</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1003</td>
<td>王五</td>
<td>女</td>
<td>1985-11-12</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<br>
<!-- 此处重要，需为Http请求 -->
<a style="color:red;" href="http://localhost:8080/ExcelDemo/excelStudent">导出到Excel</a>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<p style="color:red;">(由于太过匆忙，前端页面显示的数据都是静态数据，后台定义了一个List传入了静态写死的数据来模拟)</p>
</body>
</html>
5. web.xml配置
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>ExcelDemo</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.ed.util.ExcelDemo</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>ExcelDemo</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/excelStudent</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
注：此案例在前端展示的数据为静态模拟数据，导入Excel中的数据由控制类ExcelDemo.java的getStudent()方法中定义。
仅供大家参考，不足之处望大家多多指点。（转载请注明出处）