引言
以前经常开发网页端的软件，图表组件一般用echart，功能和样式都非常齐全。但是当用winform开发时，类似的组件就很少了，而且稍微好点的都还收费。
后来探索了下winform自带的 chart控件，发现其功能非常强大，只要你有好看的设计图，基本上都可以按设计图调整出来，下面展示下自己做技术测试的图片：
使用说明
在工具箱-数据分组中我们就可以看到chart控件，使用时拖拽到界面即可。可以通过属性面板设置其样式，也可以通过代码来调整样式。设置的属性可参照：
https://www.cnblogs.com/arxive/p/5861960.html
总结了部分设置chart样式功能的通用类：
public class ChartHelper
{
/// <summary>
/// Name：添加序列
/// Author：by boxuming 2019-04-28 13:59
/// </summary>
/// <param name="chart">图表对象</param>
/// <param name="seriesName">序列名称</param>
/// <param name="chartType">图表类型</param>
/// <param name="color">颜色</param>
/// <param name="markColor">标记点颜色</param>
/// <param name="showValue">是否显示数值</param>
public static void AddSeries(Chart chart, string seriesName, SeriesChartType chartType, Color color, Color markColor, bool showValue = false)
{
chart.Series.Add(seriesName);
chart.Series[seriesName].ChartType = chartType;
chart.Series[seriesName].Color = color;
if (showValue)
{
chart.Series[seriesName].IsValueShownAsLabel = true;
chart.Series[seriesName].MarkerStyle = MarkerStyle.Circle;
chart.Series[seriesName].MarkerColor = markColor;
chart.Series[seriesName].LabelForeColor = color;
chart.Series[seriesName].LabelAngle = -90;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Name：设置标题
/// Author：by boxuming 2019-04-28 14:25
/// </summary>
/// <param name="chart">图表对象</param>
/// <param name="chartName">图表名称</param>
public static void SetTitle(Chart chart, string chartName, Font font, Docking docking, Color foreColor)
{
chart.Titles.Add(chartName);
chart.Titles[0].Font = font;
chart.Titles[0].Docking = docking;
chart.Titles[0].ForeColor = foreColor;
}
/// <summary>
/// Name：设置样式
/// Author：by boxuming 2019-04-23 14:04
/// </summary>
/// <param name="chart">图表对象</param>
/// <param name="backColor">背景颜色</param>
/// <param name="foreColor">字体颜色</param>
public static void SetStyle(Chart chart, Color backColor, Color foreColor)
{
chart.BackColor = backColor;
chart.ChartAreas[0].BackColor = backColor;
chart.ForeColor = Color.Red;
}
/// <summary>
/// Name：设置图例
/// Author：by boxuming 2019-04-23 14:30
/// </summary>
/// <param name="chart">图表对象</param>
/// <param name="docking">停靠位置</param>
/// <param name="align">对齐方式</param>
/// <param name="backColor">背景颜色</param>
/// <param name="foreColor">字体颜色</param>
public static void SetLegend(Chart chart, Docking docking, StringAlignment align, Color backColor, Color foreColor)
{
chart.Legends[0].Docking = docking;
chart.Legends[0].Alignment = align;
chart.Legends[0].BackColor = backColor;
chart.Legends[0].ForeColor = foreColor;
}
/// <summary>
/// Name：设置XY轴
/// Author：by boxuming 2019-04-23 14:35
/// </summary>
/// <param name="chart">图表对象</param>
/// <param name="xTitle">X轴标题</param>
/// <param name="yTitle">Y轴标题</param>
/// <param name="align">坐标轴标题对齐方式</param>
/// <param name="foreColor">坐标轴字体颜色</param>
/// <param name="lineColor">坐标轴颜色</param>
/// <param name="arrowStyle">坐标轴箭头样式</param>
/// <param name="xInterval">X轴的间距</param>
/// <param name="yInterval">Y轴的间距</param>
public static void SetXY(Chart chart, string xTitle, string yTitle, StringAlignment align, Color foreColor, Color lineColor, AxisArrowStyle arrowStyle, double xInterval, double yInterval)
{
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Title = xTitle;
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.Title = yTitle;
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.TitleAlignment = align;
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.TitleAlignment = align;
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.TitleForeColor = foreColor;
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.TitleForeColor = foreColor;
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.LabelStyle = new LabelStyle() { ForeColor = foreColor };
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.LabelStyle = new LabelStyle() { ForeColor = foreColor };
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.LineColor = lineColor;
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.LineColor = lineColor;
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.ArrowStyle = arrowStyle;
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.ArrowStyle = arrowStyle;
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Interval = xInterval;
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.Interval = yInterval;
}
/// <summary>
/// Name：设置网格
/// Author：by boxuming 2019-04-23 14:55
/// </summary>
/// <param name="chart">图表对象</param>
/// <param name="lineColor">网格线颜色</param>
/// <param name="xInterval">X轴网格的间距</param>
/// <param name="yInterval">Y轴网格的间距</param>
public static void SetMajorGrid(Chart chart, Color lineColor, double xInterval, double yInterval)
{
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.MajorGrid.LineColor = lineColor;
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.MajorGrid.LineColor = lineColor;
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.MajorGrid.Interval = xInterval;
chart.ChartAreas[0].AxisY.MajorGrid.Interval = yInterval;
}
}
使用示例
文章开头展示的图片中的四个统计图表可通过以下代码实现：
chart1.Series.Clear();
ChartHelper.AddSeries(chart1, "柱状图", SeriesChartType.Column, Color.Lime, Color.Red, true);
ChartHelper.AddSeries(chart1, "曲线图", SeriesChartType.Spline, Color.Red, Color.Red);
ChartHelper.SetTitle(chart1, "柱状图与曲线图", new Font("微软雅黑", 12), Docking.Bottom, Color.White);
ChartHelper.SetStyle(chart1, Color.Transparent, Color.White);
ChartHelper.SetLegend(chart1, Docking.Top, StringAlignment.Center, Color.Transparent, Color.White);
ChartHelper.SetXY(chart1, "序号", "数值", StringAlignment.Far, Color.White, Color.White, AxisArrowStyle.SharpTriangle, 1, 2);
ChartHelper.SetMajorGrid(chart1, Color.Gray, 20, 2);
chart2.Series.Clear();
ChartHelper.AddSeries(chart2, "饼状图", SeriesChartType.Pie, Color.Lime, Color.Red, true);
ChartHelper.SetStyle(chart2, Color.Transparent, Color.White);
ChartHelper.SetLegend(chart2, Docking.Top, StringAlignment.Center, Color.Transparent, Color.White);
chart3.Series.Clear();
ChartHelper.AddSeries(chart3, "曲线图", SeriesChartType.SplineRange, Color.FromArgb(100,46, 199, 201), Color.Red, true);
ChartHelper.SetTitle(chart3, "曲线图", new Font("微软雅黑", 12), Docking.Bottom, Color.FromArgb(46, 199, 201));
ChartHelper.SetStyle(chart3, Color.Transparent, Color.White);
ChartHelper.SetLegend(chart3, Docking.Top, StringAlignment.Center, Color.Transparent, Color.White);
ChartHelper.SetXY(chart3, "序号", "数值", StringAlignment.Far, Color.White, Color.White, AxisArrowStyle.SharpTriangle, 1, 2);
ChartHelper.SetMajorGrid(chart3, Color.Gray, 20, 2);
chart4.Series.Clear();
ChartHelper.AddSeries(chart4, "饼状图", SeriesChartType.Funnel, Color.Lime, Color.Red, true);
ChartHelper.SetStyle(chart4, Color.Transparent, Color.White);
ChartHelper.SetLegend(chart4, Docking.Top, StringAlignment.Center, Color.Transparent, Color.White);
RefreshData();
其中，均是通过调用通用类来进行设置，这样更方便一些。最后的RefreshData()是绑定图表数据的部分，否则没有数据的话图表是无法显示的。绑定数据部分代码如下：
public void RefreshData()
{
List<int> x1 = new List<int>() { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 };
List<int> y1 = new List<int>();
Random ra = new Random();
y1 = new List<int>() {
ra.Next(1, 10),
ra.Next(1, 10),
ra.Next(1, 10),
ra.Next(1, 10),
ra.Next(1, 10),
ra.Next(1, 10),
ra.Next(1, 10),
ra.Next(1, 10),
ra.Next(1, 10),
ra.Next(1, 10),
ra.Next(1, 10),
ra.Next(1, 10)
};
RefreshChart(x1, y1, "chart1");
RefreshChart(x1, y1, "chart2");
RefreshChart(x1, y1, "chart3");
RefreshChart(x1, y1, "chart4");
}
public delegate void RefreshChartDelegate(List<int> x, List<int> y, string type);
public void RefreshChart(List<int> x, List<int> y, string type)
{
if (type == "chart1")
{
if (this.chart1.InvokeRequired)
{
RefreshChartDelegate stcb = new RefreshChartDelegate(RefreshChart);
this.Invoke(stcb, new object[] { x, y, type });
}
else
{
chart1.Series[0].Points.DataBindXY(x, y);
chart1.Series[1].Points.DataBindXY(x, y);
}
}
else if (type == "chart2")
{
if (this.chart2.InvokeRequired)
{
RefreshChartDelegate stcb = new RefreshChartDelegate(RefreshChart);
this.Invoke(stcb, new object[] { x, y, type });
}
else
{
chart2.Series[0].Points.DataBindXY(x, y);
List<Color> colors = new List<Color>() {
Color.Red,
Color.DarkRed,
Color.IndianRed,
Color.MediumVioletRed,
Color.OrangeRed,
Color.PaleVioletRed,
Color.Purple,
Color.DarkOrange,
Color.Maroon,
Color.LightCoral,
Color.LightPink,
Color.Magenta
};
DataPointCollection points = chart2.Series[0].Points;
for (int i = 0; i < points.Count; i++)
{
points[i].Color = colors[i];
}
}
}
else if (type == "chart3")
{
if (this.chart3.InvokeRequired)
{
RefreshChartDelegate stcb = new RefreshChartDelegate(RefreshChart);
this.Invoke(stcb, new object[] { x, y, type });
}
else
{
chart3.Series[0].Points.DataBindXY(x, y);
}
}
else if (type == "chart4")
{
if (this.chart4.InvokeRequired)
{
RefreshChartDelegate stcb = new RefreshChartDelegate(RefreshChart);
this.Invoke(stcb, new object[] { x, y, type });
}
else
{
chart4.Series[0].Points.DataBindXY(x, y);
List<Color> colors = new List<Color>() {
Color.Red,
Color.DarkRed,
Color.IndianRed,
Color.MediumVioletRed,
Color.OrangeRed,
Color.PaleVioletRed,
Color.Purple,
Color.DarkOrange,
Color.Maroon,
Color.LightCoral,
Color.LightPink,
Color.Magenta
};
DataPointCollection points = chart4.Series[0].Points;
for (int i = 0; i < points.Count; i++)
{
points[i].Color = colors[i];
}
}
}
}
为了让图表展现动画效果，添加了一个定时器，用来实时改变数据，这样就可以看到动起来的图表了。定时器代码如下：
private void Timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
new Thread(new ThreadStart(RefreshData)).Start();
}
资料
以上只是使用chart控件的几个简单示例，而chart控件的功能远远不止这些。为了更方便地了解和使用其他功能，特提供了一些资料，其中包括图表的属性说明文档、各类图表的样式和对应的代码、以及程序示例等，下载地址如下：
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1mCxiwrEBxeCKkSltXMJPpA
提取码：9pgr