django-rest-framework(十)(视图)

视图

视图关系图

继承APIView

简单视图处理
urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from api import views
app_name = 'api'
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/view/$', views.ViewView.as_view(), name='view'),
]

views.py

from rest_framework.views import APIView

class ViewView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return Response('视图处理')

继承GenericAPIView

规范化视图操作
views.py

from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
from rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPagination
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework.response import Response
from api.models import Role

class PageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Role
        fields = '__all__'

class MyPageSerializer(PageNumberPagination):
    '''自定义分页类'''

    # http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/page/?page=3&size=3

    # 设置显示页数的参数
    page_query_param = 'page' # ?page=3&size=3 中的page名

    # 设置每页显示数量,每页显示三条数据
    page_size = 3

    # 设置每页显示数量的参数
    page_size_query_param = 'size' # ?page=3&size=3 中的size名

    # 设置每页最大显示数量
    max_page_size = 5

class ViewView(GenericAPIView):
    queryset = Role.objects.all()
    serializer_class = PageSerializer
    pagination_class = MyPageSerializer

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        role_queryset = self.get_queryset()
        pager_roles = self.paginate_queryset(role_queryset)
        ser = self.get_serializer(instance=pager_roles, many=True)
        return Response(ser.data)

继承ViewSetMixin

重写as_view()方法
根据指定的方法找到指定的函数处理

继承GenericViewSet

可以再路由上指定对应的函数
即不同url可以指定同一个视图类；并且需要指定url请求方法对应相应的函数
urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from api import views
app_name = 'api'
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/view/$', views.ViewView.as_view({'get': 'list'}),name='view'),
]

views.py

from rest_framework.viewsets import GenericViewSet
from rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPagination
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework.response import Response
from api.models import Role

class PageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Role
        fields = '__all__'

class MyPageSerializer(PageNumberPagination):
    '''自定义分页类'''

    # http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/page/?page=3&size=3

    # 设置显示页数的参数
    page_query_param = 'page' # ?page=3&size=3 中的page名

    # 设置每页显示数量,每页显示三条数据
    page_size = 3

    # 设置每页显示数量的参数
    page_size_query_param = 'size' # ?page=3&size=3 中的size名

    # 设置每页最大显示数量
    max_page_size = 5

class ViewView(GenericViewSet):
    queryset = Role.objects.all()
    serializer_class = PageSerializer
    pagination_class = MyPageSerializer

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        role_queryset = self.get_queryset()
        pager_roles = self.paginate_queryset(role_queryset)
        ser = self.get_serializer(instance=pager_roles, many=True)
        return Response(ser.data)

继承ListModelMixin

列出所有数据
urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from api import views
app_name = 'api'
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/view/$', views.ViewView.as_view({'get': 'list'}),name='view'),
]

views.py

from rest_framework.viewsets import GenericViewSet
from rest_framework.mixins import ListModelMixin
from rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPagination
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework.response import Response
from api.models import Role

class PageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Role
        fields = '__all__'

class MyPageSerializer(PageNumberPagination):
    '''自定义分页类'''

    # http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/page/?page=3&size=3

    # 设置显示页数的参数
    page_query_param = 'page' # ?page=3&size=3 中的page名

    # 设置每页显示数量,每页显示三条数据
    page_size = 3

    # 设置每页显示数量的参数
    page_size_query_param = 'size' # ?page=3&size=3 中的size名

    # 设置每页最大显示数量
    max_page_size = 5

class ViewView(ListModelMixin， GenericViewSet):
    queryset = Role.objects.all()
    serializer_class = PageSerializer
    pagination_class = MyPageSerializer

url：http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/view/?page=1
结果

{
    "count": 8,
    "next": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/view/?page=2",
    "previous": null,
    "results": [
        {
            "id": 1,
            "title": "医生"
        },
        {
            "id": 2,
            "title": "护士"
        },
        {
            "id": 3,
            "title": "老师"
        }
    ]
}

继承CreateModelMixin

添加数据

上述继承的CreateModelMixin和ListModelMixin 不需要传参数id
urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from api import views
app_name = 'api'
urlpatterns = [
   url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/view/$', views.ViewView.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'}), name='view'),
]

---

下面继承的三个类：RetrieveModelMixin、UpdateModelMixin、DestroyModelMixin 需要传参数id
urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from api import views
app_name = 'api'
urlpatterns = [
   url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/view/$', views.ViewView.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'})),
   url(r'^(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/view/(?P<pk>\d+)/$',
       views.ViewView.as_view({'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update', 'patch': 'partial_update', 'delete': 'destroy'})
       ),
]

继承RetrieveModelMixin

获取一条数据

继承UpdateModelMixin

更新数据

继承DestroyModelMixin

删除一条数据

---

继承ModelViewSet

ModelViewSet继承上诉所有功能
views.py

from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
from rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPagination
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework.response import Response
from api.models import Role

class PageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Role
        fields = '__all__'
        
class ViewView(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Role.objects.all()
    serializer_class = PageSerializer
    pagination_class = PageNumberPagination