springboot(三)——application.properties和application.yml是何时解析的

前言

用过的springboot的小伙伴都知道springboot不需要再像springmvc引入那么多的配置文件,只需要加入application.properties或者application.yml即可,比如在上一篇文章讲到数据库的配置,只需要在文件引入如下的配置即可:

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/zplxjj?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=@ZPLxjj12345
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
复制代码

下面简单介绍下springboot在启动的时候是在何时读取的properties和yml文件的内容的

实现一个简单的自定义监听器

第一步:定义一个event,继承ApplicationEvent

public class CustomerApplicationEvent extends ApplicationEvent {
    public CustomerApplicationEvent(Object source) {
        super(source);
        System.out.println("CustomerApplicationEvent constructor...");
    }
}
复制代码

第二步:定义一个listener

@Component
public class CustomerApplicationListener implements ApplicationListener<CustomerApplicationEvent> {

    @Override
    public void onApplicationEvent(CustomerApplicationEvent customerApplicationEvent) {
        System.out.println("customerApplicationEvent:"+customerApplicationEvent.getClass().getName());
    }
}
复制代码

第三步:注册监听器

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
        // 注册 CustomerApplicationListener 事件监听器
        context.addApplicationListener(new CustomerApplicationListener());
        // 发布 CustomerApplicationEvent 事件
        context.publishEvent(new CustomerApplicationEvent(new Object()));
    }
}
复制代码

启动项目后,会发现控制台输出了:

CustomerApplicationEvent constructor...
customerApplicationEvent:com.stone.zplxjj.event.CustomerApplicationEvent
复制代码

springboot自带的事件

  • ApplicationStartingEvent:应用启动事件,在调用 SpringApplication.run() 方法之前,可以从中获取到 SpringApplication 对象,进行一些启动前设置。
  • ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent:Environment准备完成事件,此时可以从中获取到 Environment 对象并对其中的配置项进行查看或者修改
  • ApplicationPreparedEvent:ApplicationContext准备完成事件,接下来 Spring 就能够向容器中加载 Bean 了 。
  • ApplicationReadyEvent:应用准备完成事件,预示着应用可以接收和处理请求了。
  • ApplicationFailedEvent:应用启动失败事件,可以从中捕获到启动失败的异常信息进行相应处理,例如:添加虚拟机对应的钩子进行资源的回收与释放。

读取配置代码入口:ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent和ConfigFileApplicationListener

加载配置文件需要用到ConfigFileApplicationListener,其代码如下:

	@Override
	public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEvent event) {
		if (event instanceof ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent) {
			onApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent(
					(ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent) event);
		}
		if (event instanceof ApplicationPreparedEvent) {
			onApplicationPreparedEvent(event);
		}
	}
复制代码

进入方法:onApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent

	private void onApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent(
			ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent event) {
		List<EnvironmentPostProcessor> postProcessors = loadPostProcessors();
		postProcessors.add(this);
		AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(postProcessors);
		for (EnvironmentPostProcessor postProcessor : postProcessors) {
			postProcessor.postProcessEnvironment(event.getEnvironment(),
					event.getSpringApplication());
		}
	}
复制代码

进入postProcessor.postProcessEnvironment:

  //类:ConfigFileApplicationListener
	@Override
	public void postProcessEnvironment(ConfigurableEnvironment environment,
			SpringApplication application) {
		addPropertySources(environment, application.getResourceLoader());
	}
复制代码

进入addPropertySources

	protected void addPropertySources(ConfigurableEnvironment environment,
			ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
        //将随机方法放入到PropertySources中
		RandomValuePropertySource.addToEnvironment(environment);
        //load加载
		new Loader(environment, resourceLoader).load();
	}
复制代码

进入load方法:

		public void load() {
			this.profiles = new LinkedList<>();
			this.processedProfiles = new LinkedList<>();
			this.activatedProfiles = false;
			this.loaded = new LinkedHashMap<>();
			initializeProfiles();
			while (!this.profiles.isEmpty()) {
				Profile profile = this.profiles.poll();
				if (profile != null && !profile.isDefaultProfile()) {
					addProfileToEnvironment(profile.getName());
				}
				load(profile, this::getPositiveProfileFilter,
						addToLoaded(MutablePropertySources::addLast, false));
				this.processedProfiles.add(profile);
			}
			resetEnvironmentProfiles(this.processedProfiles);
			load(null, this::getNegativeProfileFilter,
					addToLoaded(MutablePropertySources::addFirst, true));
			addLoadedPropertySources();
		}
复制代码

进入字方法load

    private void load(Profile profile, DocumentFilterFactory filterFactory,
				DocumentConsumer consumer) {
			getSearchLocations().forEach((location) -> {
				boolean isFolder = location.endsWith("/");
				Set<String> names = isFolder ? getSearchNames() : NO_SEARCH_NAMES;
				names.forEach(
						(name) -> load(location, name, profile, filterFactory, consumer));
			});
		}
复制代码
  • getSearchLocations():首先看CONFIG_LOCATION_PROPERTY,是否存在配置,无则走默认配置路径DEFAULT_SEARCH_LOCATIONS
	/**
	 * The "config location" property name.
	 */
	public static final String CONFIG_LOCATION_PROPERTY = "spring.config.location";

	// Note the order is from least to most specific (last one wins)
	private static final String DEFAULT_SEARCH_LOCATIONS = "classpath:/,classpath:/config/,file:./,file:./config/";
复制代码
  • getSearchNames():首先看CONFIG_NAME_PROPERTY(spring.config.name)配置,否则走DEFAULT_NAMES(application)

**spring.config.name说明:**假如你不喜欢“application.properties”这个默认文件名,你可以重新设定:spring.config.name属性直接指定属性文件名称,spring.config.location属性指定明确路径,但是要注意不能写在application.properties文件里,这样会不起作用,可以写在java -jar xxx.jar --spring.config.name=custom.properties,还可以通过环境变量等方式,yml文件也可以这样

真正加载配置文件的方法:

		private void load(String location, String name, Profile profile,
				DocumentFilterFactory filterFactory, DocumentConsumer consumer) {
			if (!StringUtils.hasText(name)) {
				for (PropertySourceLoader loader : this.propertySourceLoaders) {
					if (canLoadFileExtension(loader, location)) {
						load(loader, location, profile,
								filterFactory.getDocumentFilter(profile), consumer);
						return;
					}
				}
			}
			Set<String> processed = new HashSet<>();
			for (PropertySourceLoader loader : this.propertySourceLoaders) {
				for (String fileExtension : loader.getFileExtensions()) {
					if (processed.add(fileExtension)) {
						loadForFileExtension(loader, location + name, "." + fileExtension,
								profile, filterFactory, consumer);
					}
				}
			}
		}
复制代码

loader.getFileExtensions():获取所有支持的文件后缀,loader初始化如下:

		Loader(ConfigurableEnvironment environment, ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
			this.propertySourceLoaders = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactories(
					PropertySourceLoader.class, getClass().getClassLoader());
		}
复制代码

通过加载jar:spring-boot-2.1.4.RELEASE.jar:META-INF/spring.factories文件下对应内容:

# PropertySource Loaders
org.springframework.boot.env.PropertySourceLoader=\
org.springframework.boot.env.PropertiesPropertySourceLoader,\
org.springframework.boot.env.YamlPropertySourceLoader
复制代码

从这里我们可以看到,通过PropertiesPropertySourceLoader和YamlPropertySourceLoader 加载配置文件,具体源码没有细看了,有兴趣自行阅读吧

加载完配置文件,调用方法:addLoadedPropertySources()

结语

至此,springboot加载properties和yml的入口就分析到这里了,细节上肯定不能面面俱到,但是入口知道了,后面就好分析了

本人也开通了微信公众号:stonezplxjj,更多文章欢迎关注公众号:

猜你喜欢

转载自juejin.im/post/5cbea9a1e51d456e31164a07
今日推荐