Ubuntu 软件源修改成国内源

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1. 备份原始文件

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list2

 2.修改 sources.list 文件的权限

sudo chmod 777 /etc/apt/sources.list 

3. 修改文件并添加国内源

vi /etc/apt/sources.list

不喜欢用 vi 编译器的可以使用 gedit 

gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

 4.注释原文件内的源并添加如下地址 

#中科大

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 

#阿里云

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe

#网易163

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-backports main restricted universe multiverse

#清华源：

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse

#Ubuntu 官方源

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe multiverse 
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

5,更新源

sudo apt-get update

6. 更新软件( 可选)

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get upgrade

  由于包与包之间存在各种依赖关系。upgrade只是简单的更新包，不管这些依赖，它不和添加包，或是删除包。而dist-upgrade可以根据依赖关系的变化，添加包，删除包。

    upgrade:系统将现有的Package升级,如果有相依性的问题,而此相依性需要安装其它新的Package或影响到其它Package的相依性时,此Package就不会被升级,会保留下来. dist-upgrade:可以聪明的解决相依性的问题,如果有相依性问题,需要安装/移除新的Package,就会试着去安装/移除它. (所以通常这个会被认为是有点风险的升级)