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1、使用yum命令安装
yum -y install mysql-server2、安装成功后，设置开机启动
chkconfig mysqld on3、启动mysql服务
service mysqld start4、 设置root用户密码
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------------------+----------+
| user | host | password |
+------+-----------------------+----------+
| root | localhost | |
| root | localhost.localdomain | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| | localhost | |
| | localhost.localdomain | |
+------+-----------------------+----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
可以看到，默认用户root是没有密码的,需要手动设置
mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('root');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B |
| root | localhost.localdomain | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| | localhost | |
| | localhost.localdomain | |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
这里就修改完成了，不过密码已经被加密了5、使用新密码登录
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
使用新密码登录完成6、创建mysql的新用户，test
mysql> create user 'test'@'%' identified by 'test';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
创建成功，查看一下结果
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B |
| root | localhost.localdomain | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| | localhost | |
| | localhost.localdomain | |
| test | % | *94BDCEBE19083CE2A1F959FD02F964C7AF4CFC29 |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
发现已经多了test用户7、给test用户授权，可以使得test用户从外部登录和本地登录
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'test'@'localhost' identified by 'test';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'test'@'%' identified by 'test';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B |
| root | localhost.localdomain | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| | localhost | |
| | localhost.localdomain | |
| test | % | *94BDCEBE19083CE2A1F959FD02F964C7AF4CFC29 |
| test | localhost | *94BDCEBE19083CE2A1F959FD02F964C7AF4CFC29 |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
ps: @符号的左边是用户名，右边是ip地址或者域名或者%，其中%表示任何地址都能访问8、查看mysql的默认引擎
mysql> show engines;
+------------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| Engine | Support | Comment | Transactions | XA | Savepoints |
+------------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| MRG_MYISAM | YES | Collection of identical MyISAM tables | NO | NO | NO |
| CSV | YES | CSV storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
| MyISAM | DEFAULT | Default engine as of MySQL 3.23 with great performance | NO | NO | NO |
| InnoDB | YES | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys | YES | YES | YES |
| MEMORY | YES | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables | NO | NO | NO |
+------------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
从上看的出，现在默认的引擎是MyISAM,是不支持事务的，只有InnoDB支持失误，因此需要把默认引擎改成InnoDB9、修改mysql的默认引擎为InnoDB
1) 退出mysql,并停止服务
mysql> exit;
Bye
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# service mysqld stop;
Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]2) 修改myql的配置文件，/etc/my.cnf
① vim /etc/my.cnf
② 在 [mysqld]下，加入：
default-storage-engine=InnoDB
③ 保存退出
④ 重启服务
[root@localhost etc]# service mysqld start
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]10、重新查看mysql默认引擎
[root@localhost etc]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show engines;
+------------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| Engine | Support | Comment | Transactions | XA | Savepoints |
+------------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
| MRG_MYISAM | YES | Collection of identical MyISAM tables | NO | NO | NO |
| CSV | YES | CSV storage engine | NO | NO | NO |
| MyISAM | YES | Default engine as of MySQL 3.23 with great performance | NO | NO | NO |
| InnoDB | DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys | YES | YES | YES |
| MEMORY | YES | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables | NO | NO | NO |
+------------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
可以看到，默认引擎已经修改为InnoDB了11、为了能使mysql能在外部系统访问，需要linux防火墙开放3306端口
① vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables
② 修改后的防火墙配置
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
③ 重启防火墙
[root@localhost etc]# service iptables restart
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]
iptables: Applying firewall rules: [ OK ]12、 步骤总结
① 使用yum在线安装mysql-server
② 设置root用户密码
③ 设置自定义用户，并赋权
④ 修改myql默认引擎为InnoDB,以支持事务
⑤ 修改linux防火墙配置，开放mysql的默认端口3306，以便外部系统能够访问